Volume 04 Issue 12-2024
24
International Journal of Medical Sciences And Clinical Research
(ISSN
–
2771-2265)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
12
P
AGES
:
24-27
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
ABSTRACT
This article addresses dental aspects in patients with bone tuberculosis. The study aims to identify the prevalence of
dental diseases, their clinical manifestations, and risk factors. Mechanisms of maxillofacial system damage, the impact
of antituberculosis therapy, as well as methods for preventing and treating complications, are analyzed. The work is
based on clinical observations and contemporary literature data.
KEYWORDS
Bone tuberculosis, dental diseases, caries, periodontitis, osteomyelitis, prevention, maxillofacial system.
INTRODUCTION
Bone tuberculosis is a severe form of extrapulmonary
tuberculosis characterized by damage to bone tissue
and joints. This condition causes significant systemic
changes, including impairments in immune, metabolic,
and regenerative processes.
Special attention is drawn to the condition of the oral
cavity in such patients. Tuberculosis and the
medications used for its treatment lead to significant
Research Article
PREVALENCE OF DENTAL DISEASES IN PATIENTS WITH BONE
TUBERCULOSIS
Submission Date:
December 01, 2024,
Accepted Date:
December 05, 2024,
Published Date:
December 10, 2024
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ijmscr/Volume04Issue12-04
Abdullaev Temurbek Zafarovich
Department of Oral Surgery and Dental Implantology, Samarkand State Medical University, Samarkand,
Uzbekistan
Rizaev Elyor Alimjanovich
Scientific Supervisor: DSc, Associate Professor, Samarkand State Medical University, Samarkand, Uzbekistan
Journal
Website:
https://theusajournals.
com/index.php/ijmscr
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
Volume 04 Issue 12-2024
25
International Journal of Medical Sciences And Clinical Research
(ISSN
–
2771-2265)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
12
P
AGES
:
24-27
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
dental complications that reduce patients’ quality of
life.
Currently, there is insufficient research on the
prevalence of dental diseases in patients with bone
tuberculosis, complicating the development of
effective preventive and therapeutic measures.
Objective
: To analyze the prevalence of dental diseases
among patients with bone tuberculosis, study risk
factors, and develop recommendations for prevention
and treatment.
Literature Review
The relationship between tuberculosis and dental
diseases has been actively studied in recent decades.
Studies by Pande and Bhattacharya (2018) confirm that
patients with tuberculosis often exhibit specific
granulomatous lesions in the oral cavity. These
changes are due to both direct tissue infection and the
systemic effects of the disease.
Research by Gabay and Lemaire (2019) indicates
mineral metabolism disorders in patients with bone
tuberculosis, increasing the risk of osteoporosis and
osteomyelitis of the jaw bones. Additionally, chronic
inflammation-induced immunosuppression creates
favorable conditions for oral infections.
According to the World Health Organization (WHO,
2020), the frequency of dental diseases in patients with
tuberculosis is significantly higher than in the general
population. This is associated with side effects of
antibacterial therapy, such as dry mouth, microbiota
disruption, and increased tissue sensitivity.
methods
The study was conducted over two years at specialized
medical institutions in Samarkand. The sample
included 50 patients (30 men and 20 women)
diagnosed with bone tuberculosis, aged 20 to 60 years.
Methods used:
1. Clinical examination: Assessment of teeth, gums,
and oral mucosa.
2. Radiography: Detection of pathological changes in
jaw bones.
3. Laboratory tests: Analysis of saliva composition,
secretion levels, and microbiota evaluation.
4.
Immunological
tests:
Determination
of
immunoglobulin levels (IgA, IgG) to assess local and
systemic immunity.
5. Analysis of therapy side effects: Collection of data
on the impact of antituberculosis drugs on oral health.
RESULTS
Prevalence of Dental Diseases
Volume 04 Issue 12-2024
26
International Journal of Medical Sciences And Clinical Research
(ISSN
–
2771-2265)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
12
P
AGES
:
24-27
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
• 65% of patients were diagnosed with dental
diseases:
• Caries and its complications: 35%
• Gum diseases (gingivitis –
25%, periodontitis
–
20%)
• Jaw osteomyelitis: 10%
Dry Mouth and Dysbiosis
• 40% of patients experienced pronounced dry mouth
due to salivary gland suppression by isoniazid and
rifampin.
• Oral dysbiosis was observed in 30% of patients,
contributing to caries and gingivitis.
Pathological Changes in Bone Tissue
• Radiographic examination revealed signs of
osteoporosis and localized destructive processes in 15%
of patients. The most common findings included areas
of bone rarefaction and periosteal reactions.
Immunological Changes
• A decrease in IgA and IgG levels was noted in 70% of
patients, indicating reduced local and systemic
immunity, which increases the risk of oral infectious
and inflammatory diseases.
DISCUSSION
Mechanisms of Dental Disease Development
1. Immune Dysfunction: Chronic inflammation in
tuberculosis reduces the oral tissues’ resistance to
infections.
2. Metabolic Disorders: Calcium deficiency and bone
metabolism impairment increase the risk of
osteoporosis and osteomyelitis.
3. Drug Effects: Antituberculosis medications disrupt
salivary gland function and microbiota, promoting
caries and gum diseases.
Clinical Manifestations
The most common patient complaints included:
• Tooth and gum pain.
• Dry mouth.
• Gum bleeding.
• Tooth destruction due to crown loss.
Prevention and Treatment
Prevention:
1. Oral hygiene: Use of fluoride-containing toothpaste
and antiseptic solutions.
2. Diet therapy: Enrichment of the diet with calcium,
and vitamins D and C.
3. Regular dental check-ups: Preventive visits to the
dentist at least once every three months.
Volume 04 Issue 12-2024
27
International Journal of Medical Sciences And Clinical Research
(ISSN
–
2771-2265)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
12
P
AGES
:
24-27
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
Treatment:
1. Comprehensive approach: Involvement of both
dentists and TB specialists in treatment.
2. Local therapy: Use of anti-inflammatory gels and
medications to stimulate salivary secretion.
3. Immunotherapy: Application of immunomodulators
to restore local immunity.
4. Remineralization: Prescription of fluoride- and
calcium-containing agents to strengthen teeth.
CONCLUSION
1. Dental diseases are widespread among patients with
bone tuberculosis.
2. The main risk factors include reduced immunity, side
effects of therapy, and microbiota disruption.
3. Prevention and timely diagnosis of dental
complications improve prognosis and quality of life.
4. A multidisciplinary approach involving collaboration
between dentists and TB specialists is essential.
REFERENCES
1.
Kumar, V., Abbas, A. K., Aster, J. C. (2015). Robbins
and Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease. Elsevier.
2.
Pande, R., & Bhattacharya, P. (2018). Oral
Manifestations of Tuberculosis: A Review of
Literature. Oral Health and Dental Management.
3.
Gabay, C., & Lemaire, V. (2019). Impact of
Tuberculosis on Bone Health: Pathogenesis and
Clinical
Implications.
Journal
of
Clinical
Rheumatology.
4.
WHO. (2020). Tuberculosis Report. World Health
Organization.
