Volume 04 Issue 01-2024
120
International Journal of Pedagogics
(ISSN
–
2771-2281)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
01
P
AGES
:
120-124
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
6.
676
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
ABSTRACT
The article is devoted to the study of theoretical aspects and methodological features of the formation of the
grammatical structure of speech of preschool children. The paper presents the main approaches of researchers
regarding the problem of research, examines the essence of grammatical development of older preschoolers and
ways to implement it in pre-school educational institutions.
KEYWORDS
Senior preschoolers, children of senior preschool age, grammar, thinking, intellectual development, speech,
communication, grammatical structure of language, speech development of children, pedagogical conditions.
INTRODUCTION
The most important creative mental function of a
person is speech, being an area of manifestation of the
inherent ability of all people to cognition, self-
organization, self-development, and to build their
personality.
A person's language (speech) is not only a means of
communication, but also a way of expressing thought:
the more understandable and correct the speech, the
more accurately the thought is expressed. The
development of speech entails the development of
mental operations, and vice versa - the development of
thinking contributes to the development of speech. If
a person has a high level of speech development, then
he not only reads well and writes competently, he
perceives and understands what is being studied
better, clearly expresses his thoughts.
The formation of different aspects of language
competence
(vocabulary,
phonetics,
grammar)
Research Article
METHODS OF FORMING GRAMMATICAL CORRECTNESS OF SPEECH IN
PRESCHOOLERS
Submission Date:
January 21, 2024,
Accepted Date:
January 26, 2024,
Published Date:
January 31, 2024
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ijp/Volume04Issue01-23
Mamedova Madinabonu Anvarjon Kizi
Gulistan State University Faculty Of Psychology And Social Sciences 3rd Year Student, Uzbekistan
Journal
Website:
https://theusajournals.
com/index.php/ijp
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
Volume 04 Issue 01-2024
121
International Journal of Pedagogics
(ISSN
–
2771-2281)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
01
P
AGES
:
120-124
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
6.
676
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
proceeds unevenly, at different stages of development
one or another of them comes to the fore. Depending
on this, at each stage of the child's personality
development, the formation of the grammatical
structure of the language differs in specific trends and
new relationships.
MАTЕRIАLS АND MЕTHОDS
Preschool age is one of the main periods in a child's life.
It is associated with the formation of speech. The
formation of the grammatical structure of speech is
one of the problems of speech development of a
preschooler. A person acquires the ability to speak
correctly precisely through mastering grammar.
Research by domestic and foreign psychologists and
linguists proves that mastering the grammatical
structure of a language occurs through the formation
of a language system based on generalization, analysis
and generalization of speech and language
phenomena. Researchers D.N. Bogoyavlensky, L.I.
Bozhovich,
P.P.
Blonsky,
N.I.
Zhinkin,
N.A.
Mechinskaya, N.S. Rozhdestvensky, K.D. Ushinsky, D.B.
Elkonin, based on the study and analysis of the
processes of formation of mental operations of
preschoolers in the context of the development of
speech skills, emphasized the importance of
implementing work on grammar the language that is
native to the child.
Psychologists A.V. Zaporozhets, A.V. Zakharova, N.I.
Zhinkin, S.N. Karpova, A.R. Luria, F.A. Sokhin, D.B.
Elkonin, who studied the formation of the grammatical
structure of speech in children, also noted the
importance of working on grammar in the system of
language development of preschoolers.
The analysis of theoretical material devoted to aspects
of the formation of the grammatical structure of
speech of preschool children suggests that the reason
for difficulties in mastering grammatical forms of
language is that adults themselves do not realize these
meanings, using them intuitively, having learned them
in the process of natural perception of their native
language. In this regard, it can be concluded that in the
process of teaching children, it is worth taking care
that they hear all the grammatical forms of their native
language as early as possible and gradually realize their
meaning.
Understanding the meaning of grammatical meanings
is a process of formation and development of the
intellect of a developing personality. This process
proceeds unconsciously, but if it is slowed down by
inept learning, then the mental development of
children will be significantly delayed. Thus, a
preschooler who has not mastered the grammatical
structure of his native language before entering the
primary school education level shows low academic
performance, is unable to understand the connections
and relationships between the phenomena of the
surrounding reality studied within the framework of
the school curriculum.
RЕSULTS АND DISСUSSIОN
Based on the theoretical analysis of psychological and
pedagogical sources and the practice of preschool
educational institutions, it is possible to substantiate
the relevance of the problem under study, as well as
the insufficient theoretical and practical development
of a system of work on the formation and development
of the grammatical structure of speech of older
preschoolers. In this regard, it became necessary to
study in detail the aspects of the formation of the
Volume 04 Issue 01-2024
122
International Journal of Pedagogics
(ISSN
–
2771-2281)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
01
P
AGES
:
120-124
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
6.
676
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
grammatical structure of speech of older preschool
children.
The formulation of the purpose of the article. The
purpose of this article is to study the theoretical
aspects and methodological features of the process of
forming the grammatical structure of speech of older
preschool children.
Presentation of the main material of the article. Older
preschoolers have great physical and mental
capabilities. The physical development of older
preschoolers is interconnected with the mental one. It
is a necessary condition for the versatile development
of a child. At this time, mental, aesthetic, and moral
development is gaining momentum. The child's speech
is being comprehensively improved: he must
pronounce all the sounds of his native language
correctly, reproduce words clearly and clearly, have the
vocabulary necessary for free communication, use
many grammatical forms correctly, his statements
should become more meaningful, expressive and more
accurate. The thinking of an older preschooler is
formed through the assimilation of grammar.
So, within the framework of this study, the concept of
"grammatical structure of language" will be
understood as a product of long-term historical
development, without the formation of which the
thinking of preschool children will not be improved.
This is because it is the grammatical forms of language
that are the material basis of people's thinking. So, the
higher the level of mental development of a
preschooler, the better his grammatical speech system
is formed.
The formation of the phenomenon we are analyzing is
an indispensable condition for the timely and
successful development of monological speech as one
of the leading types of speech activity.
Thinking
develops
through
the
mastery
of
grammatically correct speech. The preschooler begins
to think more logically, consistently, to distract from
the concrete, to generalize, to express his thoughts
correctly.
K.D. Ushinsky, naming grammar the logic of language,
emphasized that "Grammar, taught logically, begins to
develop human self-awareness, that is, precisely the
ability due to which a person is a person between
animals."
The sources and factors of children's speech
development and their grammatical structure are
diverse; this suggests that organizational and
pedagogical conditions, means and forms of
pedagogical influence should also, in turn, be used in
their diversity.
According to the theorist of psychological science A.V.
Zaporozhets, the formation of the grammatical
structure
of
a
preschooler's
language
is
"spontaneous",
he
"extracts
language",
his
grammatical system from the factors of perceived
speech, in which language performs a communicative
function and is not presented systematically.
The process of developing the grammatical structure
of speech occurs in parallel with the process of general
speech (language) development of the child. Speech
development is carried out in stages: from a verbatim,
semantic-semantic system to situational phrasal
involuntary speech, and then to the development of a
dialogical form of speech and, finally, reaches the level
of mastering the monological form of coherent
speech. The sequence of periods of this process should
Volume 04 Issue 01-2024
123
International Journal of Pedagogics
(ISSN
–
2771-2281)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
01
P
AGES
:
120-124
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
6.
676
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
be taken into account when choosing pre-school
teachers forms and methods of pedagogical guidance.
The basis for mastering the grammatical side of
language is the child's knowledge of the relationships
and connections of the surrounding reality, expressed
in grammatical forms of language. Grammatical
meanings of words express the relations that exist
between words, or indicate the subjective attitude of
the communicant to the objects or phenomena called.
According to the famous scholar in the field of
linguistics A.A. Reformatsky, the connection of
grammar with reality is carried out through vocabulary,
since grammar is devoid of any specifics.
In the process of a variety of speech practice, the
senior preschooler, by imitation, independently and
gradually learns the grammatical structure. This is
explained not only by age patterns, but also by the
complexity of the grammatical system of the native
language.
It is necessary to work on the formation of the
grammatical structure of speech in the following
directions:
1) create a favorable speech environment;
2) to prevent the appearance of grammatical errors in
children;
3) correct errors that already exist in children's speech;
4) improve the syntactic side;
5) develop sensitivity and interest in the form of one's
own speech.
In order to successfully form grammatically correct
speech in children, a teacher must understand the
causes of children's grammatical errors and take them
into account when choosing methods and techniques
of work. It is necessary to continue working on fixing in
older preschoolers those grammatical forms, the
assimilation of which causes them difficulties:
-
improving the ability to coordinate words in
sentences;
-
help children with incorrect stress in the word;
-
correction of errors in the alternation of
consonants;
-
familiarity with different ways of forming words;
-
exercises in the formation of single-root words;
-
exercises in the use of simple, compound and
compound sentences;
-
improving the ability to use direct and indirect
speech.
The process of developing the grammatical structure
of speech is carried out in the process of observation,
games, and in the daily communication of
preschoolers. Based on this pattern, we conclude that
the most important pedagogical condition in this
process is the competent organization of children's
activities in everyday life.
СОNСLUSIОN
Summarizing the above, we conclude that the
grammatical structure of speech is the product of a
long historical development, and grammar, as one of
its most stable parts, determines the type of language.
The need to develop grammatically correct speech is
an urgent task for the education of older preschool
children. From the moment when a child begins to
freely use all grammatical means in communication
Volume 04 Issue 01-2024
124
International Journal of Pedagogics
(ISSN
–
2771-2281)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
01
P
AGES
:
120-124
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
6.
676
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
with peers and adults, there is a genuine mastery of
grammar. In this context, communication between a
child and other children is of particular importance,
since it most fully reveals the potential of an older
preschooler.
Thus, mastering the grammatical structure of speech
has a major impact on the overall development of an
older preschooler, providing him with a transition to
the formation of language competencies at a more in-
depth level at school.
RЕFЕRЕNСЕS
1.
Alekseeva M.M. Methods of speech development
and teaching the native language to preschoolers:
a textbook for students of higher and secondary
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Publishing center "Academy", 2009 - 233 p.
2.
Arushanova A.G. Formation of the grammatical
structure of speech: speech and speech
communication of children: a methodological
guide for educators / A. G. Arushanova. - 2nd ed.,
ispr. and add. - M.: Mosaic Synthesis, 2011 - 322 p.
3.
Borodich A.M. Methodology of children's speech
development / A.M. Borodich. - M.: Enlightenment,
2008 - 231 p.
4.
Zaporozhets A.V. Psychology of perception by a
preschool child of a literary work. Selected
psychological works. - M., 1986 - 486 p.
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Reformatsky A.A. Introduction to linguistics /
edited by V.A. Vinogradov - M.: Aspent Press, 1996
- 536 p.
6.
Sokhin F.A. The main tasks of speech development.
Speech development of preschool children. - M.,
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Ushinsky K.D. On the study of grammar. - M., 2008
- 322 p.
8.
Elkonin D.B. Speech development in early
childhood. Selected psychological works. - M.:
Pedagogy, 1989 - 538 p.
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Yadeshko V.I. Preschool pedagogy / V.I. Yadeshko,
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