Volume 03 Issue 05-2023
71
International Journal of Pedagogics
(ISSN
–
2771-2281)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
05
Pages:
71-76
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
6.
676
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
ABSTRACT
Among the mandatory means of physical education for upperclassmen, their exercises in athletics play a special role
in aloofness. These are short-distance running Ham, agility-strength training as well (jumps to the pbalandlik and
length, throwing grenades and from the place, standing with a side toomn and throwing a core). Improving the
running technique will continue. Students master the technique of sharp turns, relay runs, continue to improve the
passage of horizontal and vertical obstacles. This article covers the methodology of teaching upperclassmen how to
properly apply elements of athletics.
KEYWORDS
Upperclassmen, athletics, running, jumping, jerking, grenade, speed, methodology.
INTRODUCTION
The program also contains materials for the
development of speed-strength qualities, speed
endurance.
At the end of the program, 10th graders must be
prepared to fulfill the following requirements:
-
correct running on turns and relay at maximum
speed;
-
hitting a grenade at a target size of 4 x 4 m (boys-
from a distance of no less than 20 meters, girls-12
m);
-
cross natural obstacles using the technique learned
to run and jump;
-
to be ready to perform Athletics performance
according to the requirements of the program.
In the 11th grade, students are given theoretical
knowledge of the rules for training in athletics with a
team of comrades and in the tactics of running in
competitions. The recovery of the technique of long
jump and high jump with speed is continued. Jumping
is learned to throw the core. The program also includes
Research Article
METHODOLOGICAL FEATURES OF TEACHING HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS
TO PRACTICE ATHLETICS
Submission Date:
May 14, 2023,
Accepted Date:
May 19, 2023,
Published Date:
May 24, 2023
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ijp/Volume03Issue05-15
Muxamedov Axmad Muxamedovich
Docent Of The Department “Physical Culture And Sports Activities” Of Tashkent Financial Insti
tute, Uzbekistan
Journal
Website:
https://theusajournals.
com/index.php/ijp
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
Volume 03 Issue 05-2023
72
International Journal of Pedagogics
(ISSN
–
2771-2281)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
05
Pages:
71-76
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
6.
676
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
materials for developing the qualities of speed-
strength, agility and endurance.
Run
Running along the turn. Before starting to learn the
technique of running along the turn, it is necessary to
repeat the materials of the previous class programs
associated with mastering the technique of running. It
is necessary to pay the attention of students to the
difference in running techniques in turns from straight
running. The main difference is that when running in
turns, the torso leans left-forward, the arms work
asymmetrically - the right hand works in a plane almost
perpendicular to the direction of running. The left leg
is placed on the ground with the outside, while the
right leg is placed with the tip turned to the left and
placed on the inside of the leg.
When running along turns, the following errors may
occur: insufficient deflection of the right arm elbow,
incorrect placement and twisting of the legs. The fact
that the torso does not bend is the biggest mistake.
Instead of bending the whole div, the pupils only
bend their heads or bend the torso back. These errors
can be corrected by repeating exercises, reducing the
speed of running, distance, increasing the radius of the
turn.
Finish in running different distances. Coming to the
finish refers to the fact that the runner finishes running
the distance, a condition that is understood as the
situation in which he touches the imaginary plane of
the finish with some part of the div, in addition to the
head, neck, arms and legs. The most effective way to
finish is to bend the torso forward in the last step when
completing short-distance running, or to lean forward
by turning the shoulder towards the finish plane.
Learning to cross the Finish line begins with exercises
to perform throw movements to the finish, first
standing in place and then walking.
These moves can be switched to learning to cross the
finish in running once they are first mastered. The
running speed is gradually increased.
When teaching to finish, it is necessary to achieve that
students can run the last part of the distance given
from each wing and, at the same time, cross the finish
line without lowering the speed (it is necessary to
observe that they do not stop sharply before the finish,
do not jump through the finish).
Relay race. In the initial-stage, the material passed in
the middle class is repeated. First it is learned to
transfer the relay while standing in place. The pupils
are arranged in several rows. After transmission in one
direction each row is turned and relay transmission is
carried out in the other direction. After that, while
walking and running slowly, the relay switch to the
transmission. The task consists in introducing students
to the methods of transmitting the existing relay rod
"from above" and "from below", from one hand to
another and without taking it. Adopting a relay rod at
maximum running speed is the most difficult of the
relay transmission techniques.
In order to master this technique, it is necessary to
learn the relay on the sidewalks, where the relay
transmission zones are marked according to the rules.
The following errors can be made when transmitting
the relay:
•
incorrect grip when passing the relay stick without
taking it from one hand to the other - grab it from
the middle;
•
take the relay and lower the hand of the recipient
before the time;
Volume 03 Issue 05-2023
73
International Journal of Pedagogics
(ISSN
–
2771-2281)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
05
Pages:
71-76
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
6.
676
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
•
start running ahead of the time of the recipient by
receiving the relay;
•
slow down the speed of running before the time of
the Switch;
•
the untimely nature of the transmitter's command
to receive the relay Rod.
All errors are lost in mitigated conditions - depending
on the teacher's account and with the transfer of the
relay in situations of similar running speed slowness.
Throw
Throwing the grenade at the target and far away. In
the senior class, you will begin to learn the technique
of throwing a grenade. All grenades for boys - 700 g,
for girls - 500 g. Learning begins by showing and
explaining how to catch a grenade. After that, get out
of place, take three steps and proceed to irradiate the
grenade with full speed. During ironing, there should
be no stopping in the initial state of readiness for
movement. When throwing, the grenade is carried
over the right shoulder.
The methodology for studying the ironing of a grenade
into a target will be useful to irradiate projectiles of
different weights - rubber rods, grenades of different
weights, etc., as in the case of ironing a ball. All this
contributes to the development of the sensation of
fine muscles, which is necessary to increase the
accuracy of movements.
Further improvement in the qualification of throwing
projectiles of various weights, including grenades, far
away, is carried out at the expense of numerous
repetitions of throwing exercises with a small and full
speed, standing out from the place. The fact that the
shoulder girdle has developed, mastering the
movement of “shaking” the hand, has a great
influence on throwing away. For these purposes,
exercises for ironing internally filled balls from
different positions will be useful: correctly looking in
the direction of ironing, standing with the side and
standing with the back. The strokes are performed
with one hand, with two supports, from the bottom,
sideways and the like.
Jumps
Running high jump. Special attention should be paid to
the last steps, pushing and passing over the plank. In
order to increase the height of the jump and,
therefore, to increase the height of the jump, it is
necessary to increase the length and speed of the
speed acquisition distance for a while. To improve the
technique of pushing, it is necessary to regularly carry
out jumps with the right speed. During training, it is
necessary to train students to push with the right and
left legs, to jump from various complex positions. For
jumps for these purposes, the position of the Struts is
changed, the angle of speed acquisition is changed,
and so on.
Speed taking long jump. The focus is on speed gain,
pushing and jumping techniques. The speed
acquisition distance is increased to 20-24 meters in
length. in each session, it is necessary to pay attention
to improving the accuracy of exceeding the plank.
For the purposes of speed acquisition improvement, it
is used in classes in the form of control lines. Such lines
are passed eight steps from the place of pushing. To
increase thrust, it will be useful to use athletics hurdles
(barers)40-60 cm high for girls and 80-100 cm high for
boys. Fences (barbers)are installed at a distance of 180-
280 cm from the place of pushing. ropes and the like
can be used instead of fences (barbers).
From vertical and horizontal beams. The methods of
crossing obstacles were mastered by students in the
Volume 03 Issue 05-2023
74
International Journal of Pedagogics
(ISSN
–
2771-2281)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
05
Pages:
71-76
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
6.
676
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
previous grade. At the beginning of training, the height
and width of the fences are slightly reduced. It is
necessary to learn how to go through separate
obstacles, then move on to exceed the total pool of
obstacles. In the first sessions, the speed should be
lower, the speed should be increased as soon as the
technique is mastered. It is necessary to use various
obstacles.
Development of mobility qualities (7 class)
During the mastering of athletics materials, students
develop speed-strength qualities, endurance, speed
and speed endurance. Short to increase the speed of
movements - 20, 40, 60, 80, 100 meter distance running
is used. Short distance running exercises use multiple
repetition paths-8 x 20 m; 5 x 40; 4 x 80; 2 x 100, and so
on. The rest time between repetitions should last from
30 seconds to 2 minutes. In addition to getting started
from different situations, special running exercises:
alternating running; running with legs raised high;
jumping running and similar exercises are used. For the
development of speed, ironing Light projectiles - tennis
balls, light grenades, cores weighing 1-2 kg and the like-
is also used.
The development of endurance is carried out using
cross - country running in girls to 500 meters, in boys -
to 1000 meters; girls - to 6-8 minutes, boys-to 8-10
minutes.
To develop speed-strength qualities, in place on one
and two legs, moving jumps, races on one leg, over a
rope, jumping from low obstacles, taking speed to the
length and high jump, hammock, throwing grenades,
core throwing exercises are used. These exercises are
carried out in series up to 10-20 times.
To increase speed-strength endurance, repeated runs,
multiple jumps in the 100, 200, 400 meters are used.
Depending on the function and content of the lesson,
these exercises can be included in different parts of the
lesson. For example, slow running can be included in
the introduction to the lesson. The main part of the
running of replays in the 100 and 200 meters will be
included in the finish. Special running exercises can be
used to improve the technique of running in turns and
jumping long with speed.
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