Volume 03 Issue 05-2023
29
International Journal of Pedagogics
(ISSN
–
2771-2281)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
05
Pages:
29-32
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
6.
676
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
ABSTRACT
In this article we are talking about the features of the meaning of phraseological units of sports phraseology, the
interpretations and opinions of leading scientists about the internal form in the semantic structure of phraseological
units are given.
KEYWORDS
Etymological meaning, feature, dynamic, potential, prototype, derivation, complicated, motivation, internal form,
synchronous communication, demagogy, turns, etymological.
INTRODUCTION
In many works on phraseology, the important role of
the internal form in the semantic structure of
phraseological units is noted. When applied to a word,
the inner form is usually understood as its original
etymological meaning or as figurative elements in its
meaning. A similar opinion was held by A.A. Potebnya
"etymological meaning ... is also a form, only internal"
[15, p.102]. "The inner form is also the center of the
image, one of its features, prevailing over all others"
[15, p.142].
Such an interpretation of the internal form, with or
without modifications, is found in many subsequent
definitions.
According to V.G. Varina: "The internal form as a
component of the semantic structure of a word is not
always neutral in relation to this structure as a whole.
Being a dynamic component of meaning, the internal
form in some cases comes to the fore and determines
the semantics of the word." [6, p.243]. This is quite true
with respect to phraseological units.
Research Article
FEATURES OF THE MEANING OF PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS OF SPORTS
PHRASEOLOGY
Submission Date:
May 07, 2023,
Accepted Date:
May 12, 2023,
Published Date:
May 17, 2023
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ijp/Volume03Issue05-06
Aspetullaev A.
Karakalpak State University, Uzbekistan
Sultamuratov Yu.
Karakalpak State University, Uzbekistan
Journal
Website:
https://theusajournals.
com/index.php/ijp
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
Volume 03 Issue 05-2023
30
International Journal of Pedagogics
(ISSN
–
2771-2281)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
05
Pages:
29-32
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
6.
676
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
All phraseological units go back to potential
phraseological units that denote objects known by
man outside of linguistic reality. But this does not mean
that all phraseological units follow the same path of
development, since they are based on different
prototypes.
According to A.V. Kunin [13, p.166], there are four
prototypes of phraseological units: speech, linguistic,
extra-linguistic and mixed.
Sports phraseology is characterized by the presence of
speech and language prototypes. Non-linguistic
(derivationally related to legends, historical facts, etc.)
and mixed (derived from a specific text) prototypes are
not typical for sports phraseology.
The speech prototypes of phraseological units include
turns with a transparent internal form. It should be
noted that in sports phraseology, the transparency of
the internal form is associated with the knowledge of
the rules of a particular sport by the speakers.
The linguistic prototypes of phraseological units
include turns in which the prototype of the second,
phraseosemantic variant is the first, the components
of which have a literal, but complicated meaning.
The share of speech prototypes of phraseological units
in the sample was 70% of the total number and the
share of language prototypes was 30%.
Examples of speech prototypes of sports phraseology:
Hit between the eyes
–
ударить между глаз, потрясти,
произвести сильное впечатление.
The ball is in someone s court
–
мяч на чьей либо
половине поля; чья либо очередь совершать
действие, что либо предпринимать.
Throw in the towel
–
выбрасывать на ринг полотенце,
сдаваться, признавать себя побеждённым.
Toe the line
–
стать на стартовую черту, подчиняться
требованиям, строго придерживаться правил.
Have
two
strikes
against
one
–
быть
в
затруднительном, тяжёлом положении.
Hit one s stride
–
бежать маховым шагом, проявлять
себя с самой лучшей стороны, проявлять себя с
самой
лучшей
стороны,
показывать
себя
чрезвычайно компетентным, способным человеком.
Chuck up (throw in или throw up) the sponge –
сдаваться, признавать себя побеждённым, выйти из
игры.
Make
up (или take up) the running –
задавать темп,
быть лидером, показывать пример, вести за собой.
Front runner
–
лидер гонок, человек опережающий
своих конкурентов.
Fight back to the ropes
–
вести бой до конца,
оказывать отчаянное сопротивление.
Make rings around smb
–
значительно, намного
обогнать, опередить кого –
то, заткнуть кого –
либо
за пояс.
Have a good (long) innings
–
иметь высокий процент
попаданий, прожить долгую, счастливую жизнь.
Lead with one s chin
–
подставлять себя под удар,
ставить себя в трудное положение.
Come (или go) up to the bit –
слушаться узды, быть
послушным, податливым.
Examples of language prototypes of sports
phraseological units:
Volume 03 Issue 05-2023
31
International Journal of Pedagogics
(ISSN
–
2771-2281)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
05
Pages:
29-32
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
6.
676
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
A clean sweep
–
1. Полная победа спортивной
команды, политической партии и т.д. 2.Полное
избавление.
Take smth in one s stride
–
1. Легко преодолевать
трудности, легко добиваться своего. 2. Считать что
-
либо естественным, принимать что либо как
должное.
A grandstand finish
–
1. Игра на зрителя, на
публикую.
2. Демагогия, позёрство,
«работа на публику», стремление к дешёвым
эффектам.
Be nowhere-
1. Не попасть в число финалистов,
безнадёжно отстать, потерпеть поражение. 2.
Растеряться, не знать что сказать
As hard as nails -
1. Закалённый, выносливый, в
прекрасной форме. 2. Жёсткий,
бессердечный, бесчувственный.
For keeps -
1. Окончательно, бесповоротно, на
всю жизнь. 2. Серьезно, не на шутку,
а всерьез.
Come to grief -
1. Упасть с лошади, хлебнуть горя,
плохо кончить, попасть в беду, прогореть,
обанкротится, ~ вылететь
в трубу. 2.
Испортиться, выйти из строя, попасть в аварию,
искалечиться, разбиться.
According to A.V. Kunin [13, p.171], the motivation of
the phraseological meaning is understood as its
synchronous connection with the literal meanings of
the components.
V.V. Vinogradov came to the conclusion that "the
"internal forms" of words are historically changeable.
They are conditioned by the style of a particular
environment peculiar to the language of a particular
epoch, the way of looking at reality and the nature of
the relationship between the elements of the semantic
system… The choice of one or another "inner form" of
a word is always determined ideologically and,
consequently, culturally, historically and socially" [7,
p.18].
It should also be noted the high motivation of
phraseological meanings of sports phraseological units
of the English language, their synchronous connection
with the literal meanings of the components. This is
explained by the fact that the disappearance of a
certain reality (in this case, the loss of popularity of a
certain sport) violates the derivational relationship
between the phraseological unit and its prototype,
which in this case removes the phraseological unit
from use, since the listener will not understand the
meaning of the phraseology without knowing (at least
in general terms) the rules of sports, with which the
phraseological unit is connected derivationally.
In many cases, without knowing the rules of a
particular sport, it is impossible to understand the
meaning of a particular phraseological unit.
Examples:
On a good (bad, sticky) wicket
–
в хорошем (плохом,
затруднительном) положении (крикет).
Also ran
–
1. Неудачливый участник соревнований.
2.
Неудачник,
не
выдержавший
сравнения (конный спорт).
(In the reports on races or races, the names of the
horses that did not take the prize are given after the
information about the winners. This enumeration
begins with the words also ran (also participated).
Volume 03 Issue 05-2023
32
International Journal of Pedagogics
(ISSN
–
2771-2281)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
05
Pages:
29-32
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
6.
676
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
Saved by the bell
–
спасённый в последнюю минуту
благодаря вмешательству извне. [этимологически –
избежавший нокаута благодаря прозвучавшему
гонгу (о боксёре)] (бокс).
Get a deadwood on smb.
–
иметь бесспорные
преимущества перед кем
-
либо, поставить кого
-
либо в тяжёлое или неловкое положение.
[Выражение взято из игры в кегли, deadwood –
упавшая кегля, удар по которой, если она находится
впереди, даёт возможность сбить остальные].
Out in the left field
–
1. Глубоко заблуждающийся. 2.
Спятивший, не в своём уме (бейсбол).
Thus, the opinion of A.V. Kunin is confirmed that "the
internal form of phraseology is the meaning of its
prototype, with which the phraseological meaning is
connected by derivational relations" [13, p.173].
The literal meanings of the components of a
phraseological unit do not always coincide with the
meaning of its prototype, and this is also characteristic
of phraseological units of sports phraseology.
Examples:
Skin the cat
–
кувыркаться (этимологически –
переворот под жердями).
Ask (answer) the question
–
добиваться напряжения
всех сил (напрячь все силы повинуясь жокею).
Rough and tumble
–
борьба не по правилам,
кулачный бой, потасовка, драка (этимологически –
бой с нарушением правил).
CONCLUSION
In conclusion, we can say that sports in every way
contributes to the harmonious development of a
person, and this is especially important at a young age.
That is why both boys and girls are recommended to
exercise regularly from a very young age, so that he
could exert his beneficial influence and lay a good
foundation for health for many, many years.
Sports are an integral part of a person's life, providing
the necessary activity. Physical education and sports
give a charge of cheerfulness and optimism,
strengthen the immune system and thereby protect a
person from various diseases.
REFERENCES
1.
Варина В.Г. Лексическая семантика и внутренняя
форма языковых единиц // Принципы и методы
семантических исследований: [сб. ст.] / Редкол.:
В.Н. Ярцева и др. М., 1976.
2.
Виноградов
В.В.
Вопросы
изучения
словосочетаний (на материале русского языка):
Основные
вопросы
синтаксиса
предложения//Избр. труды: исследования по
русской грамматике, М., 1975.
3.
Кунин А.В. Курс фразеологии современного
английского
языка.
Издание
второе,
переработанное, М., 1996.
4.
Потебня А.А. Мысль и язык –
2
–
е изд. Харьков,
1982
5.
Фразеологический словарь русского языка.
Составители: Л.А. Войкова, В.П. Жуков, А.И.
Молотков, А.И. Фёдоров. Под ред. А.И.
Молоткова, издание третье, стереотипное. М.,
1978.
6.
Oxford Dictionary of Current Idiomatic English.
Volume 2: Phrase, Clause & Sentence Idioms. A. P.
Cowell. R. Mackin & I. R. McCaig. Oxford University
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