Volume 04 Issue 11-2024
36
International Journal of Pedagogics
(ISSN
–
2771-2281)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
11
P
AGES
:
36-42
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
ABSTRACT
The paper discusses the concept of «smart», the concept of smart education, its basic elements such as smart learning,
smart university smart course. The analysis of the factors affecting the formation and development of the concept of
smart education. There are three aspects of Smart Education: organizational, technological, and pedagogical.
KEYWORDS
Smart-education, e-learning, smart-Learning, smart-society.
INTRODUCTION
The rapid development of modern information
technologies is gradually replacing “classical” e
-
learning with smart learning. The concept of smart
learning is currently associated with several notions,
many of which lack a singular interpretation. Concepts
related to smart learning emerged several years ago,
shaping the main trends in educational development
and creating future forecasts for subsequent changes
in the education system. At present, the popular
"smart" component has merged with many other
terms, forming concepts like “smart home,” “smart
city,” and others that have become trendy. Various
electronic systems and technologies used in education
are referred to as "smart," although only some aspects
of them meet the fundamentally new demands of
smart learning or do not meet them at all. This situation
arises because these demands do not always take a
clear form, as the concept of smart learning itself is not
sufficiently
systematized.
To
clarify
these
requirements, it is necessary to systematize various
perspectives
and
formulate
the
conceptual
foundations of the smart learning concept dedicated
to this research. Thus, the relevance of the research
based on this article lies in the conceptual
systematization of smart learning, which has not yet
been carried out.
Research Article
CONCEPTUAL FOUNDATIONS OF THE SMART EDUCATION CONCEPT
Submission Date:
October 25, 2024,
Accepted Date:
October 30, 2024,
Published Date:
November 06, 2024
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ijp/Volume04Issue11-06
Usarova Umida
Jizzakh Polytechnic Institute, Uzbekistan
Journal
Website:
https://theusajournals.
com/index.php/ijp
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
Volume 04 Issue 11-2024
37
International Journal of Pedagogics
(ISSN
–
2771-2281)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
11
P
AGES
:
36-42
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
The relevance of the research is defined by its
objectives and tasks, as well as its theoretical and
practical significance. The main goal of the research is
to formulate a number of concepts that should be
based on the smart learning concept. Accordingly, the
tasks of the research include analyzing and defining the
core concepts of smart learning and demonstrating the
relationships between these concepts. From a
theoretical perspective, this research is of great
importance in laying the foundations for the
theoretical conceptualization of smart learning. The
practical significance of the research lies in the fact that
the conceptual clarity of smart learning allows for the
analysis of various systems and solutions in the field of
education in accordance with the principles of smart
learning. In the future, this research can be used to
develop a comprehensive concept of smart learning
and a new system of specifications and standards in
this field.
Considering the state of research in the field of smart
learning, it can be noted that many aspects have not
been comprehensively studied. The term “smart
learni
ng” is significantly less common in foreign and
local literature compared to the concept of “e
-
learning.” Many studies provide specific examples of
systems and solutions related to the field of smart
learning. Various implementations of systems in the
educational field that realize the smart learning
paradigm have been mentioned [5].
Research Methodology. The system of concepts in the
field of smart learning is generally a freely structured
set of several perspectives considered in this area. The
creation of the conceptual foundation aims to
systematize
several
such
perspectives.
This
systematization is necessary to create a general theory
of smart learning. The formation of concepts is itself a
methodological approach to conducting research in
the field of smart learning. Concepts related to smart
learning are systematized, and classifications are
created. It is evident that creating classifications and
defining concepts always reduces the objects and
phenomena of a specific subject area to a certain
schematic structure. To minimize this reduction, it is
necessary to demonstrate that certain resources and
technologies are more compatible in order to allow the
inclusion of some event, technology, solution, or
electronic educational resource into the field of smart
learning.
The concept of smart structure encompasses ideas
such as smart materials. It is noted that “smart
materials” can only demonstrate the “smart” property
through
their interaction
with
the external
environment. Smart materials are characterized by the
ability to automatically recognize changes in the
external environment and respond to them with
designated actions.
The term “smart” refers to the properties that
manifest during the interaction of a system or process
with the environment and provide the following
capabilities to the system in the process:
•
Immediate response to changes in the external
environment;
•
Adaptation to changing conditions;
•
Independent
development
and
self-
management;
•
Effective achievement of outcomes, among
others.
The concept of "smart" signifies the ability to
communicate with the environment. This property has
an independent meaning and can be applied in many
Volume 04 Issue 11-2024
38
International Journal of Pedagogics
(ISSN
–
2771-2281)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
11
P
AGES
:
36-42
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
categories such as higher education, education,
society, and others. When this property was identified
40 years ago, the level of technological development
did not allow for the consideration of many systems or
processes being discussed. However, modern
achievements in ICT enable the construction of very
complex systems like smart cities.
The use of ICT in the economy enables companies to
adapt to a constantly changing business environment,
create mobile offices, and achieve new economic
efficiencies through continuous communication with
partners and consumers. The development of the ICT
sector has reached a very important stage, allowing us
to view the information space not only as a workplace
and educational environment but also as an integral
part of modern human living conditions.
Information technologies are being replaced by smart
technologies, which are a set of features that allow for
adaptation to user needs during the operation of
various devices, such as smartphones, televisions, and
others. Smart technologies are transitioning to a
category of priorities that can define the next stage of
society's information-based development.
However, simply using new technologies with the
"smart" prefix or referring to their "smart"
applications does not adequately define the essence of
a new type of education. If we analyze various
technological solutions considered smart for the
education sector, we can list the following: smart
boards, smart textbooks, smart projectors, and
software for creating and distributing educational
content
with
interactive
and
communicative
characteristics. Several other technologies, primarily
various types of social media and data mining
technologies, are also used in the smart education
segment.
When we consider any technology as a smart
technology, systems like smart homes and smart TVs
have become everyday terms. The literal translation of
"smart" means "smart." However, in English, there are
at least two common words that signify intelligence
–
namely, "clever" and "intelligent."
Of the three words that denote intelligence,
"intelligent" carries the deepest meaning, indicating
the ability to draw deep conclusions, as well as the
inherent ability for rational thinking and behavior.
Here, the concept of "smart" signifies not only the
capacity for intellectual activities but also external
aesthetics, which is why the term "smart" is very well
applied to various gadgets, expressing the idea of the
relationship between aesthetics, ergonomics, and
intellectual functions.
Intelligent systems automate regular actions for data
retrieval and systematization but do not perform
"spontaneous" intellectual functions that require
human intelligence. They speed up human work, but
the actions of any intelligent system do not necessarily
require correct organizational decisions or meaningful
intelligent arrangements, while also contributing to
the creation of specialized organizational structures
that have become the foundation of smart education.
The Concept of "Smart Education." The concept of
"smart" is becoming the most commonly used term in
modern social development and education as a
property that allows an object or process to instantly
adapt to changes in the environment. The new concept
of smart education is based on achievements in
information
and
communication
technologies,
Volume 04 Issue 11-2024
39
International Journal of Pedagogics
(ISSN
–
2771-2281)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
11
P
AGES
:
36-42
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
enabling new economic and social efficiencies within
the education system and facilitating new levels of
effectiveness. The formation of the smart education
concept indicates the emergence of regular
conferences on the topics of smart education and
smart learning [8].
Table 1: Changes in Generations X, Y, and Z
Birth Year
Generations
Distinct Characteristics
Key Factors
1963–1981
Generation X Fundamental education, technical
literacy, individualism, self-
sufficiency, pragmatism,
aspiration for career growth,
informal views, nonconformity
Access to education,
creation of high-skilled
jobs, development of
globalization,
urbanization
1982–1991
Generation Y
(Digital
Immigrants)
Education is not sufficiently
fundamental, but there is rapid
development of new technologies
in various fields; focus is on self-
actualization rather than career
growth; hedonism, liberal views,
communication, awareness,
cosmopolitanism, conformity,
self-confidence
Development of
technologies, the
internet, globalization,
crisis of political
systems
1992–2001
Generation Z
(Digital
Natives)
"Natural" attitude towards
technology, idealism, lack of
criticism, virtualization
ICT is viewed as a
natural part of the
environment, regarded
as a natural means of
communication
Before examining the Central Concept of Smart
Education, it is essential to define education.
"Education is a purposeful process of teaching and
upbringing that holds social significance and is carried
out in the interests of the individual, family, society,
and state, as well as a collection of acquired
knowledge, skills, values, and experiences (see Figure
1). The internet is viewed as a connecting element
between the main stakeholders in the activities and
competencies of a certain volume and complexity,
aimed at meeting the educational needs and interests
of an individual’s intellectual, spiritual, moral, creative,
physical, and professional development" [3].
It is important to note that education is a process
carried out in the interests of the individual, family,
society, and state. Recent research indicates that the
widespread use of ICT alters the distinctiveness of
individuals, families, and society. Thus, developing
education that meets the demands and needs of
individuals and society is deemed necessary, taking
into account changes in the economy, production
technologies, and science (see Table 1).
Volume 04 Issue 11-2024
40
International Journal of Pedagogics
(ISSN
–
2771-2281)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
11
P
AGES
:
36-42
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
Figure 1. The Internet as a Connecting Element Among Key Stakeholders.
The necessary conditions for developing the smart
education concept include:
1.
Technological Factors: These involve providing
new tools and technologies for teaching in an
environment supported by modern information and
telecommunications.
2.
Social Factors: These encompass the society's
need for new quality in educational services.
3.
Economic Factors: It concludes that education
has
always
contributed
significantly
to
the
development of the macroeconomy, and the relevant
education system in the emerging information
exchange defines the role of society in the
development of an innovative economy.
The primary task facing smart education is to ensure
the sustainable development of society and the
economy in accordance with changing environments,
providing programs that create new levels of efficiency
in the economy and state management.
At the same time, smart education must meet the
needs of individuals and families. The most valuable
and in-demand aspect is the creative potential of
individuals, which allows them to break free from
professional stereotypes and find new solutions.
Therefore, an intellectual economy is developing based
on smart technologies.
E-learning addresses a number of issues related to
adapting the education system and educational
institutions to changes such as distance learning,
individual education, and others [4].
Unlike e-learning, the smart education concept implies
the existence of elements that ensure the entire
system can quickly adapt to changing requirements,
Internet
STATE
MANAGEMENT
UNIVERSITY
NATIONAL
ECONOMY
ECONOMIC
ENTITIES
Volume 04 Issue 11-2024
41
International Journal of Pedagogics
(ISSN
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2771-2281)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
11
P
AGES
:
36-42
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
not only focusing on the learning process. Smart
education encompasses teaching in a traditional sense
while utilizing electronic technologies and developed
approaches, without being limited to them. None of
the previously applied approaches in education
considered the immediate response of the learning
process to changing conditions in the external
environment.
The smart education concept encompasses the
development of educational services, including
personnel
provision, administrative
and
legal
management, material and technical resources, and
pedagogical complex development.
To create a concept map, smart education is chosen as
the central concept. The remaining concepts included
in the concept are linked through a certain system of
relationships with the central concept. The types of
connections between the concepts may vary (see
Figure 2).
Currently, smart education is becoming an integral part
of modern society. When viewed as a special and new
type of education, the main approaches can be divided
into three categories:
•
Technological: This presumes the primary
difference lies in the technologies used.
•
Organizational: This considers the organization
of the educational process itself and determines which
type of education we will choose in the future.
•
Pedagogical: This focuses on the form of
content presentation, the skills being developed, and
the learning outcomes.
Figure 2. Elements of Smart Education.
SMART EDUCATION
SMART EDUCATION
ENVIRONMENT
SMART UNIVERSITY
SMART CURRICULUM
SMART LEARNING
SMART TEXTBOOK
SMART STUDENT,
SMART TEACHER
Volume 04 Issue 11-2024
42
International Journal of Pedagogics
(ISSN
–
2771-2281)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
11
P
AGES
:
36-42
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
CONCLUSION
In conclusion, smart technologies have great potential
to become a priority production technology that
ensures the economic development of society. A
distinctive feature of smart technologies is their ability
to respond immediately to changes in the external
environment.
In
a
dynamically
developing
technological and information environment, the
number of environmental factors and the speed of
their changes are continuously increasing. Thus,
"smart" education is becoming a demand that
encompasses many processes and systems, including
the management of education. The necessity to shape
the smart education concept is evaluated alongside
the development of ICT and changes in the educational
process within society. The development of the smart
education concept aligns with the emergence of a new
technological paradigm worldwide. Many universities
in various countries are placing significant emphasis on
the opportunities arising in the educational process. It
is evident that as the concept of smart education
rapidly evolves, it is becoming increasingly urgent for
specialists in this field to address numerous questions.
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