International Journal of Pedagogics
210
https://theusajournals.com/index.php/ijp
VOLUME
Vol.05 Issue03 2025
PAGE NO.
210-215
10.37547/ijp/Volume05Issue03-60
Development of future engineers' professional competence
through traditional educational methods
Kuchkarbaev Rustam Utkurovich
Doctor of Philosophy in Pedagogical Sciences (PhD), Department of Buildings and Structures, Tashkent University of Architecture and
Civil Engineering, Uzbekistan
Received:
29 January 2025;
Accepted:
28 February 2025;
Published:
31 March 2025
Abstract:
The task of specializations based on the field of education is to deepen students' knowledge and develop
skills in the areas of modern design principles, creation of energy-efficient buildings, innovative constructive
solutions, construction standards and regulations, the genesis and transformation of historical cities, typological
solutions for architectural monuments, harmonizing and decorating [1; 8-b.] architectural forms, utilizing
monuments for modern purposes, modern urban planning and landscape architecture, and developing effective
solutions for transport network issues. This is achieved by enhancing knowledge and skills through the application
of advanced pedagogical technologies.
This issue can be addressed in higher technical education institutions through the implementation of education
policy. This policy helps increase the level of training competitive and socially protected specialists, and
contributes to the development of their professional capabilities [2; 19-b.]. As a result, we can obtain well-
rounded engineers who are capable of performing tasks in an ever-changing modern environment.
Considering that the informatization of society is one of the global issues today, it takes the leading position when
compared to other trends in the development of modern society.
The sharp increase in the implementation of new modern traditional educational methods and information
technologies today has created a new information environment for humanity, which divides traditional
educational tools into several groups.
Keywords:
Competence, design, climate factors, model, software tools, automated systems.
Introduction:
This issue can be resolved in higher
technical
education
institutions
through
the
implementation of an effective educational policy. As a
result, we will be able to train well-rounded engineers
who are capable of performing tasks in constantly
changing modern conditions.
In today’s rapidly evolving world, where the speed of
accessing and utilizing information has significantly
increased, it is impossible to improve the quality of
education and nurture socially active youth without
integrating software-based educational tools into the
education system [3; p. 9]. In the past, educational
programs were delivered using traditional methods
—
primarily in the form of lectures
—
and the learning
process heavily relied on large volumes of textbooks
and manuals. Nowadays, the process of digitizing
education has begun. This transformation, in turn,
provides modern conveniences for learners and
simplifies the process of acquiring knowledge.
The development of the information society requires
new approaches to the training of specialists across all
educational fields in higher technical institutions, and
this remains a pressing issue for professionals. A review
of state educational standards for general professional
subjects in technical higher education institutions
shows that it is impossible to train a competent
specialist for the information age using outdated
approaches [8; p. 15]. At the threshold of the
information age, merely having the ability to perform
individual tasks using a personal computer is no longer
sufficient for a specialist. In Uzbekistan, the labor
market demands a high level of professionalism across
all areas of specialist activity. Today, technical higher
education institutions require computers capable of
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International Journal of Pedagogics (ISSN: 2771-2281)
analyzing data and utilizing global and local information
flows to support decision-making. This, in turn,
necessitates the development of a certain level of
information culture.
Literature review
In the current stage of transitioning to a new systematic
state, it is essential to focus on the best traditions of
the national engineering education system, which has
preserved valuable and important approaches to
training highly qualified engineering personnel.
According to the Russian researcher A.A. Karavanov [6],
the concept of effectiveness in education is reflected in
higher education through the criterion of student
satisfaction within their chosen professional field. This
should be viewed as the student's attitude toward their
selected profession or specialization, which, in turn,
serves as the ultimate goal of education. In addition to
the level of professional orientation as a component of
the
motivational-targeted
foundation,
other
supplementary criteria include the level of educational
motivation and the degree of interest in various
academic subjects that reflect the student's future
professional activities. Based on the degree to which
the content, goals, and objectives of education are
embodied, electronic educational resources can be
integrated into the learning process.
From a pedagogical perspective, digital learning
facilitates the development of human thinking by
addressing complex, often poorly understood concepts
and
scientific
problems
through
extensive
computations. In their research, O.I. Voinova and V.A.
Pleshakov emphasize that we are already living in an
era of cyber-socialization, highlighting the necessity for
individuals to adapt and live within the digital age. The
authors describe cybersocialism as a set of qualities
that enables individuals to organize life in cyberspace
—
not independently, but as part of networked
communities acting as subjects
—
within the context of
performing various social functions [7, p. 120].
METHODOLOGY
The design of buildings must ensure a comfortable
living environment. However, properly addressing the
design tasks discussed above does not fully guarantee
the comfort of the building's internal environment. It is
essential to ensure the physical parameters of the
indoor environment that create a sense of physical
comfort. These include maintaining appropriate
temperature and humidity conditions, ensuring
optimal air quality parameters, creating suitable
lighting and acoustic comfort, as well as providing
insulation, solar protection, and soundproofing
between rooms. These are factors that are directly
perceived by humans.
The climatic factors that influence the design and
construction of buildings include the following:
1.
External air temperature;
2.
Humidity of the external air;
3.
Wind, including its direction and speed;
4.
Solar radiation;
5.
The daily and annual course of natural daylight
and sky brightness;
6.
Probability of cloudy, clear, and partially clear
skies;
7.
Rain and snowfall, snow loads, statistical
likelihood and volume of snow accumulation;
8.
Depth of ground freezing.
Climate analysis makes it possible to determine the
appropriate type of building that should be designed
for a specific region, taking into account the climatic
conditions (Figure 1).
Figure 1. Visualization of the sun path in building design
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Construction is considered one of the key sectors of the
economy. The volume of construction output is always
regarded as an indicator of its stability.
An organization’s information technologies are
designed to serve the strategic objectives of the
business. At the same time, they are widely used to
manage the operations of structures and facilities,
financial,
informational,
and
material
flows,
workplaces, and teams of personnel.
In the fields of economics, marketing, and
management, the demand for information and
information services drives the development,
dissemination, and effective use of information
technologies (IT). The strategic objectives of
information technologies are to ensure business
development, enhance management and quality,
improve competitiveness, and reduce the cost of
business processes.
Information technologies refer to the systematized
sequence of operations performed on information
using automation tools and methods (Figure 2).
Figure 2. Functions of Basic Automated Information Systems
In Uzbekistan today, the most widely used software for
designing buildings and structures is AutoCAD. This
software package is mainly suitable for developing only
very small and simple projects and is primarily used to
automate the routine work of creating project
drawings.
CAD
–
Computer-Aided Design (in Uzbek: KYL
–
Kompyuter yordamida loyihalash) is a software
package
designed
for
the
development
(or
construction) of production facilities, as well as for
preparing project and technological documentation [4;
p. 62].
The components of multifunctional CAD systems are
traditionally integrated into three main parts: CAD,
CAM, and CAE.
The CAD (Computer-Aided Design) module is primarily
intended for performing graphic tasks.
The CAM (Computer-Aided Manufacturing) module is
designed to solve problems related to the technological
preparation of production.
The CAE (Computer-Aided Engineering) module is
intended for engineering calculations, project analysis,
and verification (see Figure 3).
RESULTS
Today, depending on the purpose of the construction,
the type of object, and the geodetic, hydrogeological,
and climatic conditions, various concepts and
technologies are applied. The systems that are widely
used nowadays are referred to as Intelligent Systems.
The main component of intelligent buildings is the
Building Management System (BMS). It is precisely this
system that enables all engineering systems to operate
as a unified complex, allowing them to exchange
information and be centrally controlled from a single
control room.
The Building Management System (BMS) includes a
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International Journal of Pedagogics (ISSN: 2771-2281)
number of essential engineering systems through
which modern buildings are managed. The main ones
are:
Figure 3. Engineering systems required for building automation systems
To increase economic efficiency, all the above-
mentioned systems are integrated into a central
control point and are developed based on human
needs and the intended purpose of the building.
As part of the ever-increasing demand for comfort and
compactness, special attention is given to indoor air
exchange (ventilation). The automatic ventilation and
air conditioning system allows for monitoring and
regulating air humidity, cleanliness, and oxygen levels
based on heat intensity and excess humidity. This is
achieved through sensor signals and is controlled
according to programmed time parameters.
Thus, in addition to providing comfortable living
conditions, these systems significantly enhance energy
efficiency. This is crucial not only from an
environmental standpoint and for ensuring the
durability of the building, but also for reducing financial
expenses, which is highly important in today's context.
A comprehensive analysis of literature related to the
field was conducted, and the functional roles of
software tools were examined. Based on this, the
organization of training sessions in accordance with the
topic and objectives was justified to ensure they are
both
effective
and
suitable
for
learners’
comprehension.
In a society where science and technology are rapidly
advancing, successfully implementing educational
reforms requires the improvement of the learning
process in technical higher education institutions and
its alignment with international standards. This must be
organized based on the demands of partner enterprises
[5; p. 42]. Currently, there exists a discrepancy between
the requirements placed on future specialists and the
practical professional knowledge and skills possessed
by graduating students.
Based on the system of training highly qualified
personnel, natural sciences
—
which were previously
regarded solely as fundamental disciplines
—
are now
recognized as a core element essential for the in-depth
study of specialized subjects. Therefore, each topic
must be explained with consideration for its relevance
to the specialization, its application in production, and
the inclusion of field-specific problems. This approach
has been proven to yield positive results.
Solving professionally oriented problems during
practical sessions not only deepens students'
understanding of the subject but also fosters their
initial skills in conducting scientific research in the field
of architecture. This, in turn, enhances the
effectiveness of education and creates opportunities to
better meet the demands placed on highly qualified
specialists.
Students are expected to interpret models that help
them develop professional competencies. In addition,
assigning tasks such as creating models of residential
buildings and explaining the materials used in them
fosters students’ interest in the construction
profession.
By showing the image, the instructor addresses
students with several questions:
How many rooms are shown in this image?
What materials were used in the construction of the
house?
What types of work did the builders carry out during
the construction of this house?
What aspects were given special attention during the
construction of the house?
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Figure 4. Modern House Design (125 square meters)
The professor explains the following information to
students about the compact and comfortable house
design:
As we know, many people around the world today are
concerned about securing housing, and the soaring
prices are causing significant stress. In such
circumstances, there are those who are considering
affordable, compact homes that do not fall short of
luxurious buildings. One such individual is designer
Chris Heining, who proved that it is possible to build a
low-cost yet aesthetically pleasing home.
This house design, which occupies 125 square meters,
is fully equipped
—
from the kitchen and bathroom to
the bedroom on the second floor
—
without any
shortcomings (see Figure 4).
During the completion of independent assignments,
students are divided into small groups. Each group is
given a topic related to their specialized subject for
practical exercises. The groups thoroughly study the
content of the practical topic and, based on the
curriculum, develop a technological map, complete
assigned tasks, study relevant literature, and
independently gather materials from internet sources
and other references. The groups that achieve the best
results and deliver effective presentations receive the
highest scores.
In this process, the professor-instructor ensures that
students theoretically study the selected construction
object, directly observes their activities, and organizes
the educational process to deepen their knowledge in
their area of specialization.
Thus, providing students with essential knowledge
related to the construction profession and preparing
them for the independent assimilation of scientific and
technical achievements depends on the pedagogical
skills of the professor-instructors. Successfully
organizing and conducting the lesson strengthens
students’ professional competencies. Here, the
instructor pays close attention to ensuring alignment
between the academic curriculum and the subject-
specific program.
If the professor-instructor clearly explains the
educational objectives and tasks during the teaching of
specialized subjects, students develop the ability to
solve problems quickly and easily. Additionally,
providing complete and accurate information about
the topic enhances the quality of education and
supports students in independently mastering the
content related to the profession of construction and
finishing works.
CONCLUSION
In technical higher education institutions, the
distinctive
features
of
developing
students’
professional competence through software-based
educational tools lie in their ability to influence
students' consciousness, promote deep mastery of
construction and finishing works, and foster the
formation of practical skills and expertise. In this
process, textbooks, educational manuals, visual
didactic tools, charts, models, mock-ups, educational-
technical resources, and structured learning activities
play a crucial role in the teaching and educational
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process.
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