INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCHERS
ISSN: 3030-332X Impact factor: 8,293
Volume 11, issue 2, May 2025
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872
HISTORY AND STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT OF THE ART OF URGUT POTTERY
Buvayev Vakhobjon Sadikovich
Namangan State University
@https://namdu.uz.
Associate professor of the Department “Art Studies”, Faculty of pedagogy.
Annotation:
this article covers the historical processes of the art of Urgut pottery, the stages of
its formation and development. On the territory of Urgut, the traditions of pottery that have
developed since time immemorial, the experiences of master craftsmen and mysterious
technologies passed down from generation to generation are analyzed. The article reflects on
the originality of Urgut pottery, decorative styles, and the place that this art plays today. Also
considered is the modern stage of pottery, its importance in tourism and economy.
Keywords:
Urgut, pottery, crafts, history, tradition, development, decoration, mystery
technology, tourism, cultural heritage
.
Introduction:
in these societies, the quality was ignored, mainly taking into account the
quantity of the product. As a result, the high artistic aspects of the items began to lose their
relevance. Nevertheless, the famous Potters who relied on the school of great tradition were
able to continue their dynastic craft. From experienced masters in Rishton in the mid-20th
century, Y.Hamroev, Matyokub Gaziyev, B.Mirsalimov, Tokhtabachcha, G.Masters such as
Yunusov were active. In the following years, well-known Potters continue the long-standing
tradition in Rishton. One such master was Komiljon Ibragimov, who was considered a 7th
generation potter dishwasher.
Main part:
he learned the craft from his father Master Dodo (1898-1951), and in turn
Dodo learned from Master Madamine, an apprentice of master Abdullah. K.Ibragimov
worked in a ceramic plant for 60 years. He was a major contributor to the restoration of the
mausoleum of his owner Hidoya Roshidonius in Rishton. In 1996 he became a UNESCO
master - disciple stependiate, and in 1998 he was one of the first to receive the honorary title
of people's artist of Uzbekistan. In 2000, his house museum was established. High-quality
items by the master are stored in the Museum of art of Uzbekistan, the Directorate of Art
Exhibitions, The Academy of artists of Uzbekistan, the Fergana Museum of local lore, The
Museum of the art of the peoples of the East in Moscow, the Museum of ethnography and the
State Hermitage in St. Petersburg1.
Another Rishton who made a name in the valley is the famous Potter and kosagar
Meliboy Bobaniyozmatov. He was born in 1837. Meliboy learned to cull from his father,
Bobaniozmat. It is made in the style of Rishton
1 Abduvaxobova Sevara Alisher Qizi (2022). TEMA« SOVERShENSTVOVANIYe ZANYaTIY IZOBRAZITELЬNЫM ISKUSSTVOM I RAZVITIYe SPOSOBNOSTEY
UChAЩIXSYa». Innovation: The journal of Social Sciences and Researches, 1 (2), 104-107. Doi: 10.5281/zenodo.7182013
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCHERS
ISSN: 3030-332X Impact factor: 8,293
Volume 11, issue 2, May 2025
https://wordlyknowledge.uz/index.php/IJSR
worldly knowledge
Index:
google scholar, research gate, research bib, zenodo, open aire.
https://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=ru&as_sdt=0%2C5&q=wosjournals.com&btnG
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Worldly-Knowledge
https://journalseeker.researchbib.com/view/issn/3030-332X
873
Another much more developed Pottery Centre in the valley is Ghurumsarai.
The formation of pottery here is associated with the name of the master's chest.
We think he was given that name because he used a lot of the blue color typical of the
Valley. According to us information, the pottery from the Master's chest was studied by
Ottoman and father's trays, from Osmandiyar by his son Johra the younger, from Osmandiyar
by his brother-in-law by master Longboy, from BOJA by master Boltaboy, from his cousin
Satim the traysmith, and from his son by master Gofurs. The tray of the Satim dishwasher
was spread around the world, the grain of this master, which was shown at exhibitions in
Italy. His leggings were distinguished from the product of others by their amazing beauty,
unique brightness and extremely delicate color. The Satim platter was able to prepare
supplies for 30 of the outstanding high-art works in a year.
Such works were bought only at a high price for the salons of the Art Fund. Also from
Usmandiyar is his cousin Tukhta tovachi, from whom he has a son Mahmud Pottery crafts
were developed in the valley in addition to the towns of Termez, Khiva, Rishton and
Namangan in the cities of Kokand, Marghilon, Osh. In particular, in the deep-Street volost
there was a store owned by Daliboy Yakubov from Namangan, and up to 2,000 items per
year, 75 rubles, were made in one workshop. M of Namangan in another cistern volost.In the
workshop belonging to soliboyev, items were made for 100 rubles, in the workshop of
Amirboyev for 100 rubles, in the workshop of Otaboy Kaymurotovboev for 50 rubles. One
such large workshop was owned by ustaboy Yusupov of Namangan, whose workshop
produced 8,000 items per year. Revenues were estimated at 400 soums. The grains of bowls
made in the master's shops listed above were sold for 3 kopecks, while the items made in the
ustaboy Yusupov store were of good quality and sold for up to a sum. The workshops were
also used to make hum and other items of rye.
One of the settlements where pottery has developed in the Valley since ancient times is
Chust.
At the beginning of the 20th century, Rishton had 80 workshops where the master
worked mainly with his family members and 1-2 students. The preparation of the item was
seasonal and the apprentices were paid Haq based on the value of the product. In a season
lasting 6-7 months, up to 1,500-1,700 items were prepared in one workshop2.
In this, each master specializes in the preparation of a certain type of product. Even one
type of item was different, different shapes were developed, and the process of making the
item improved. Each master's product has a special mark.
Various vessels were made in Rishton, and the chalice and Jug were among the most
frequently made. They are distinguished by shape, color, mystery. Rishton also produced
varieties of these products that are not typical of other pottery schools.
For example, a jug, known as a filitalik, a round, erect jug with a flat belly, A shaped jug
with a Ram's head, with a lot of geometric patterns
It is known that the ghurumsarai Potters are known in the valley for their large-scale
hums. Usually the hums are made with a capacity of 50 l to 200 l of water. The huts were
often buried in the ground along the roadside, covered with turf around them, and filled with
river water. The water was frozen here and turned into pure drinking water. Floral copies of
these products in patterns were derived from plants, and more large-scale floral copies were
characteristic of the pottery of the area.
Here, the Masters made more use of copies of the patterns, such as “Larzana”, “hoof”,
2
Baymetov, B. B., & Sharipjonov, M. S. O. (2020). Development Of Students' Descriptive Competencies In Pencil Drawing
Practice.
The American Journal of Social Science and Education Innovations
,
2
(08), 261-267
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCHERS
ISSN: 3030-332X Impact factor: 8,293
Volume 11, issue 2, May 2025
https://wordlyknowledge.uz/index.php/IJSR
worldly knowledge
Index:
google scholar, research gate, research bib, zenodo, open aire.
https://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=ru&as_sdt=0%2C5&q=wosjournals.com&btnG
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874
“Anorgul”, “Baliknusxa”, “snail”. Usually in Gurumsaroy they made large and small, thick and
thin dishes, adjusting to the heating temperature of the sun. In the spring season, when the sun
did not warm enough, they would make thin and small trays. Later, a modern pottery kiln was
created, and the work on drying the product became much easier and faster. To make an item in
gurumsaroy, to give a pattern, a secret to the top
A rare area of pottery is considered to be a branch of porcelain making. It is usually
said that giving a colorless glaze to a painted ceramic object by painting is called carnation,
and this craft originated in Rishton from the middle of the 19th century.
The origin of the network is associated with the name of the brothers Master Jalil and
Quri Abdujalil. According to the information that has come down to us, master Jalil goes to the
tower and learns the secrets of glazing, making porcelain clay. Some suggest that master Quri
Abdujalil went merchant to Mashhad and Kashgar and mastered the trade3. In particular, taking
into account the similarity of the process of making porcelain with the style of its Chinese, the
researcher noted that A.A.Grebenkin also notes that the method of making the object is related
to the traditions of the East Turkestan school. But the rishton-Liks perfected the craft of
porcelain making in such a way that as a result, by the end of the XIX century, they became
famous throughout Central Asia for their porcelain.
But as a result of the competition of this network with Russian porcelain products, the
production of the network was somewhat reduced. The Masters reported that to make porcelain,
60% chalk will need 40 Quartz (sang) or another 10% clay snow. Typically, Rishton Masters
brought fire – resistant white soil from mountainous areas-isfara and Angren oasis, while
Quartz (sang) and alkali were purchased from Kyrgyz.
Pottery is also widely used in Uzbek architecture in the style of tin-making. The Madrasa,
mosque, caravanserai, bath roofs, wall decorations inside the room feature examples of pottery
art, even today pottery is widely used in the decoration of public, residential buildings. In our
republic, there are pottery workshops that combine a number of master potters, creating pottery
to the demands and tastes of our people.Pottery finds largely incorporate information from
human lifestyles.
Conclusion:
The Art of Urgut pottery is a vivid example of the rich cultural heritage of
our people and the traditions of National Crafts. The development of this art form had a
thousand-year history, enriched with originality, aesthetic taste and technological innovations at
each stage. Products created by master potters not only satisfied household needs, but were also
appreciated as a work of art. Today, the Urgut pottery school, while maintaining its traditions,
is developing in accordance with modern requirements and also occupies an important place in
the fields of Tourism, Economics. This craft is not only reminiscent of the past, but also serves
to educate the younger generation in the spirit of national values.
List of bibliography:
1. Abduvaxobova Sevara Alisher Qizi (2022). TEMA« SOVERShENSTVOVANIYe
ZANYaTIY IZOBRAZITELЬNЫM ISKUSSTVOM I RAZVITIYe SPOSOBNOSTEY
3
oglu Sharipjonov, M. S. OLIY PYEDAGOGIK TA’LIMDA TALABALARGA MUAMMOLI MASHG’ULOTLARNI TASHKIL ETISH
TEXNOLOGIYALARI.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCHERS
ISSN: 3030-332X Impact factor: 8,293
Volume 11, issue 2, May 2025
https://wordlyknowledge.uz/index.php/IJSR
worldly knowledge
Index:
google scholar, research gate, research bib, zenodo, open aire.
https://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=ru&as_sdt=0%2C5&q=wosjournals.com&btnG
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Worldly-Knowledge
https://journalseeker.researchbib.com/view/issn/3030-332X
875
UChAЩIXSYa». Innovation: The journal of Social Sciences and Researches, 1 (2), 104-
107. Doi: 10.5281/zenodo.7182013.
2.
Baymetov, B. B., & Sharipjonov, M. S. O. (2020). Development Of Students' Descriptive
Competencies In Pencil Drawing Practice. The American Journal of Social Science and
Education Innovations, 2(08), 261-267.
3.
oglu Sharipjonov, M. S. OLIY PYEDAGOGIK TA’LIMDA TALABALARGA
MUAMMOLI MASHG’ULOTLARNI TASHKIL ETISH TEXNOLOGIYALARI.
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