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Ibragimova Umida Yuldashevna
Superviser, PhD associate professor
of Foreign Philology department
Botirova Malika Gaffarovna
Magister of the International Innovation University
THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVE ON BANKING TERMINOLOGY IN ENGLISH IN
THE LANGUAGE SYSTEM
Annotation
:This article reveals the theoretical view of banking terminology in linguistics and
their translation into native language. It tries to identify the main differences between the term
and the nomenclature unit as the main units of special vocabulary.
Keywords:
scientific and technical translation, special sublanguage, typology of banking terms,
special purposes, banking terms, modern dictionaries are special vocabulary.
INTRODUCTION
Today, when a foreign language has turned from a specialty into a language for special purposes,
it is important to remember the following: language for special purposes (LSP) should provide
professional communicative competence of a specialist. Naturally, with such a “profiling”
approach, terminology plays a major role. Different researchers group and classify the means of
expression in the field of LSP in different ways: general scientific terms, interdisciplinary, highly
specialized, author’s, regional, universal, etc.
However, no one denies the fact that the key point in LSP training is the special
vocabulary of a particular field of knowledge, represented by terminology.
METHODOLOGY
Contemporary philology is also undergoing major changes in a rapidly changing world.
Now the attention of philologists is increasingly riveted to specialized texts: informational,
business, economic, legal, political, advertising, scientific and technical, etc. “There is no need to
prove that the audience of these texts (oral and written) is several times larger than the audience
of, for example, poetry and drama, so the change in the focus of philological science seems to be
at least justified”. Scientific and technical texts and, accordingly, scientific and technical
translation, which fully reflects the scale of the growth of scientific and technological progress,
are moving rather rapidly to the center of philological and linguistic research and are acquiring
priority importance.
The constantly growing interest in the translation of highly specialized literature testifies,
first of all, to the development of specialized branches of scientific knowledge and human
activity in narrow professional spheres and, consequently, to the increased role of the “language
for special purposes” itself, used by specialists in various fields. A.C. Gerd describes the nature
of the emergence of LSP in the following way: “As it develops, a separate special knowledge
looks for special means of expression, looks for its own special language. This is how a language
for expressing its special thoughts, goals, ideas and ideals arises - a language for special purposes
(LSP)” (Gerd, 2005, p. 27).
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In the course of its development, special knowledge sought a sign system, the language
of its expression. Here the following forms of the symbolic embodiment of scientific knowledge
should be distinguished:
1) the code itself, the language for recording the content of knowledge in the form of
symbols, words, phrases, sentences, etc.;
2) various types of texts expressing scientific knowledge in one language or another. In
the course of the development of a special sublanguage, the system of its concepts firmly enters
the system of the common language and becomes its direct element.
Scientific professional concepts are looking for their embodiment in words, phrases,
syntactic constructions; new words, designations, terms appear. “The content of knowledge
begins to penetrate the signs of the chosen language, saturate and fill them. New words and
terms are subject to the action of all mechanisms of the language system” (Gerd, 2005, p. 27).
Special knowledge, which has found its expression in a term, is included in the semantic
system of one or another special language, becoming an integral component of the lexical-
semantic system of the common language. As MV Marchuk notes, in the overwhelming majority
of cases, new words that arise in a particular natural language are terms that are a direct means of
expressing LSP and reflect new concepts of science, technology, politics, economics, and the
sphere of business communication. “The modern linguistic situation, characterized by the
informatization of society and the so-called “information explosion “, makes us pay special
attention to the growth and expansion of lexical meanings and the role of terms and terminology”
(Marchuk, 1996, p. 8).
The growing significance and development of scientific and technical knowledge today is
reflected in the fact that over 90% of new words appearing in modern dictionaries are special
vocabulary. It is also observed that the increase in the number of terms in various areas of special
knowledge exceeds the increase in the number of commonly used words of the language.
In the context of the extremely rapid development of science and technology, and with
this the increased role and importance of international business and scientific relations, the
problems of unification and standardization of terminology have become especially urgent in
recent decades.
One of the main ways of normative work on the standardization of terminology is the
compilation of terminological dictionaries. It is difficult to overestimate the role of educational
terminological dictionaries in the process of teaching specialists and students studying this
special language for professional purposes (LBR), as well as in the process of creating and
strengthening international scientific and professional relations. Despite a significant amount of
scientific terminological research in areas related to the banking sector, such as finance, business,
stock exchange, etc., the terminology of banking has not yet received detailed coverage from the
point of view of typological and functional features of this sublanguage.
Although there are works devoted to certain aspects of the functioning of the terms of this
system, a detailed and detailed study of this terminology from the point of view of typology for
the purpose of analysis. Its current state and the development of criteria for the compilation of an
educational terminological dictionary of banking is certainly necessary. It follows from the
foregoing that the relevance of this topic is due to insufficient knowledge of the English
terminology of banking, since the issue of studying the typological features of the terminology of
banking in the language system and its functioning in speech practice, in fact, has not received
due attention. The choice of the topic of this study also seems justified, since a deep study of the
selected terminological field will allow work to unify this terminology and, as a result of this
activity, develop criteria for the selection of terms for compiling an educational vocabulary-
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCHERS
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minimum of terms, focused on students and banking professionals. The development of criteria
for the selection of vocabulary is a difficult task for a terminologist, since it directly affects the
problem of normalizing terminology. Determination of universal criteria for the selection of
special vocabulary for compiling an educational banking terminological dictionary is a task that
is solved solely by identifying the most common and significant key terms of this terminology
system and highly specialized terminological units formed from them at the language and speech
levels. The development of criteria for the selection of terms for compiling an educational
terminological dictionary designed to unify the vocabulary of this terminology, and the analysis
of banking terminology terms based on these criteria, do not limit the entire scope of tasks. To
compile an educational terminological dictionary and, accordingly, to unify this special
vocabulary, a detailed analysis of the lexical composition of the studied terminology and the
definition of the layer of vocabulary that will be described in the future dictionary are required.
The aim of this study is a typology of banking terms; unification of banking terminology;
identification of the most common fundamental key terms of this terminology system, as well as
highly specialized banking terms derived from them for effective training of specialists in this
LER; compilation of an educational English-language dictionary minimum of banking terms.
In this regard, the main objectives of the study are:
- a thorough study of the state of banking terminology at the level of the language system
and analysis of the features of its functioning in real professional speech;
- typological analysis of banking terminology;
- development of universal criteria for the selection of special vocabulary for the
compilation of a miniterminological dictionary, aimed at students and banking professionals
studying English for special purposes;
- development of the basic lexicographic criteria for the designed dictionary; - defining
the boundaries of banking terminology by analyzing authoritative dictionaries and textbooks on
economics and banking and highlighting the main conceptual fields;
- highlighting the most frequent and significant basic, key terms, as well as highly
specialized banking terms derived from them, based on the analysis of these materials, taking
into account the genus-specific hierarchy within this terminology; - checking the relevance of the
theoretical conclusions obtained by professional speech using data from the English and Uzbek-
language corpora of banking texts;
- the choice of Uzbek-language equivalents of English terms (banking for compiling
dictionary entries of the projected minimum terminological dictionary based on a comparison of
two corpuses of professional texts;
- compilation of an educational terminological dictionaryminimum of banking.
A detailed typological analysis of banking terminology was carried out for the first time
on the basis of an extensive theoretical toolkit, i.e. the terminology of banking was considered
and studied in detail from the point of view of the theory of the term, the requirements for the
term, the main differences and similarities between the terminologies of the humanities and
socio-political sciences, on the one hand, and the terminologies of the exact and natural sciences,
on the other, were considered the material of the studied terminology; identified the main
differences between the term and the nomenclature unit as the main units of special vocabulary;
in addition, the processes of the emergence of the phenomenon of polysemy in the terminology
of banking are considered in detail and the criteria for distinguishing the phenomena of
polysemy and homonymy are highlighted on the material of the terminology of banking.
CONCLUSION
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCHERS
ISSN: 3030-332X Impact factor: 8,293
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The theoretical significance of the work lies in the development of a comparative study in the
field of terminology based on the terms of banking. The data obtained can contribute to further
study of the theory and practice of various LSPs. The theoretical significance of the work is
determined by the importance of researching this area of knowledge in modern conditions of
globalization in order to identify a complex system of organizing the terminology of banking.
Observing the actual functioning of terms in scientific discourse can contribute to the search for
new ways of linguistic analysis. The work can contribute to terminology, terminography,
comparative language learning.
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2. Problems of translation of scientific and technical literature: Sat. scientific. tr. Saratov: Saratov
University Press, 1988, p. 3-8.
3. Gerd A.S. Applied Linguistics), St. Petersburg: St. Petersburg University Press, 2005, 268 p.
4. Erogova A.M. Theory and practice of translating economic texts from English into Russian.
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5. Gero G. D. Lexical compatibility and types of translation correspondences // Translator’s
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