INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCHERS
ISSN: 3030-332X Impact factor: 8,293
Volume 10, issue 1, February 2025
https://wordlyknowledge.uz/index.php/IJSR
worldly knowledge
Index:
google scholar, research gate, research bib, zenodo, open aire.
https://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=ru&as_sdt=0%2C5&q=wosjournals.com&btnG
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Worldly-Knowledge
https://journalseeker.researchbib.com/view/issn/3030-332X
512
Ochilova Asila Ruzmatovna
Student of the philology faculty of Uzbekistan State World Languages University
Z.X.Bannopova
Scientific adviser:senior teacher of philology faculty of
Uzbekistan State World Languages University
DESIGNING MATERIALS FOR TEACHING ADULT LEARNERS
Annotation:
Designed materials have great impact on fufilling the educational needs as they
enables theming. And it helps educators make their lessons more engageable and fulfilling.
Key words:
Andragogy learning, theory, adults are more motivated to learn
Well-structured designing materials help everyone during both teaching and studying
something new, especially by making more understandable, and more interesting any kind of
context and making easier to follow challenging structures. Plus, learners in any field can get
knowledge and skills if they always practice what they have learned to improve their
performance because they always have those materials during and after learning process that
allows them to control their knowledge over time. Today, I see a lot of adult learners struggling
with doing boring tasks and thinking that they are learning in an noneffective way. Here I will
guide you how to create your course more engageable and interactive. There are some important
steps to do this, so let’s get into it.
Being informed with everything in your course
Knowing who your students are, what and why they want/should learn in your course, which
materials you can use in the class and the result at the end are the most important aspects that
you should more focus on before starting your design to your course. In this case, you can
conduct a survey among your students to be aware of their personality, background, professional
skills and challenges, interests and hates, most importantly, their expectations which guide you
to great teaching process. Then, you should make a list based on answers on the survey and ask
feedback from your learners whether it suits them and make final decision of each prospect in
your lessons. Additionally, agreeing about time and place is always needed for older as they have
other works to do and their family,too. Also planning each lesson with your students help you all
to develop great partnership and lead success. What’s more, you should respect everyone’s
personal and professional background and also challenges which means they can learn
something from you and you can also learn something from them. Some adults prefer to do tasks
on their own and develop independently, try to create comfort for them. However, it would be
big help for everyone to improve social, competitive and communication skills if you organize
discussions or games as they make your lessons even more engageable and attractive.
Theories: Andragogy and pedagogy learning
There are some andragogy theories conducted by experts that will help you to manage your
classes effectively. All of them following will guide you understand and differ learning process
between adults and children.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCHERS
ISSN: 3030-332X Impact factor: 8,293
Volume 10, issue 1, February 2025
https://wordlyknowledge.uz/index.php/IJSR
worldly knowledge
Index:
google scholar, research gate, research bib, zenodo, open aire.
https://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=ru&as_sdt=0%2C5&q=wosjournals.com&btnG
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Worldly-Knowledge
https://journalseeker.researchbib.com/view/issn/3030-332X
513
1. Now here is the first approach called Andragogy conducted by
Malcolm Knowles in 1968.
This theory means that
adults are much more self-motivated and wiling to learn
everything they need by heart as they know what they need, while youngsters are often
confused by what they should learn or find right approaches so they always need help to
direct them to the right learning way. Older people can solve problems by their life
experiences or searching the Internet, but children always seek for their parents and
teachers support and they should always be motivated to study more and hard. As some
critics have pointed out that this approach is not suitable for everyone, this is for only
learners who is self-motivated and believe everything they learn is useful for themselves.
You can also use this theory in your lessons that helps you and your students to be able to
find solutions to any problem and develop them together.
2. The experiential learning cycle discovered by David Kolb in 1984 which represents four
steps to learn in which the learner “touches all the bases.’’ In this style of learning, Kolb
suggested adults take an effect by learning through a continuous cycle of experience,
reflection, conceptualization, and experimentation. Studies
have shown that experiential
learning can improve retention rates and increase engagement, making it a desirable
approach for trainers in continuing vocational education and training looking to engage
their learners.
3. Next one is called project - based learning
by John Dewey in 1897 which aims to learn
something by doing it actively, working on it with a group or a partner. By following this
theory, learners can understand something new for them deeply and explore a real-world
issue or even discover new theories. In this case, the educator should give a topic for
learners and then they should search for that issue, find and develop possible solutions for
the problem. So the learners can develop team-working skills, search development and
exchange ideas, critical thinking skills by using their personal life experiences. This
learning approach also has very important impact on making people more patient as they
should think about and search for what they are given. For example, once I have read a
research which was represented by going to a zoo to learn their lifestyle, then making a
presentation about the results of the research. From this real life experience, participants
had an efficient time and opportunity to learn about wild animals and being friends with
them. As a short, this is also one the best ways of learning for adults.
Social learning theory. This is the combination approach of behaviorism and cognitivism. The
behaviorism was developed by B. F. Skinner in the 40’s, behaviorism theorizes that people learn
through being conditioned, using stimulus, reward, and punishment, while cognivitism is a
rejection of behaviorism and stated that learners were far more active in the learning process than
behaviorists claim. Social learning theory was developed by Albert Bandura in the 70’s. Social
learning theory presumes that learners will gain information by combining their own experiences
with observations of the rewards and punishments that others receive for their actions. And they
observe the response to behavior within the workplace and gain understanding as to how they
should act from that, then imitate the behavior of those around them who they respect. Overall,
all these theories and other ones can be helpful for both teachers and learners if they have a deep
information about them and can do them on their own or with instructors.
To conclude,
learning is a lifelong journey, everyone learners what they are passionate about,
what they need – or so we’re told. By setting personal goals, creating and developing plans to
learn, and reflecting on outcomes, students can take ownership of their progress and achieve
their full potential. You should start with equipping your students with the right tools. Self-
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCHERS
ISSN: 3030-332X Impact factor: 8,293
Volume 10, issue 1, February 2025
https://wordlyknowledge.uz/index.php/IJSR
worldly knowledge
Index:
google scholar, research gate, research bib, zenodo, open aire.
https://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=ru&as_sdt=0%2C5&q=wosjournals.com&btnG
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Worldly-Knowledge
https://journalseeker.researchbib.com/view/issn/3030-332X
514
assessment tools, goal-setting exercises, and reflective writing prompts are just a few examples
of how you can foster self-directed learning. In this way of learning your sudents will not be
struggled with their studies as they have right goals and they know how to go towards their
dreams.
REFERENCES:
1. The
Fundamental
Principles
of
Adult
Learning.
Eduflow
blog
https://www.eduflow.com/blog/adult-learning-principles
2. See Robert F. Mager, Making Instruction Work, Chapters 7 and 8, 1997
3. 3.“Adult Learning,” by Malcolm S. Knowles, The ASTD Training & Development
4. Handbook: A Guide to Human Resource Development, Robert L. Craig, editor, 1996
5. 4. Adult Learning Principles | Use them in Your Training
6.
https://www.valamis.com/hub/adult-learning-principles
7. 5.Adult Learning Design Principles: Fundamentals for Course Creators - Petra Mayer
Consulting
8. https://petramayerconsulting.com/adult-learning-design-principles-fundamentals-for-course-
creators/
9. Petramayerconsulting (https://petramayerconsulting.com/adult-learning-design-principles-
fundamentals-for-course-creators/)
