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EFFECTIVE MANAGEMENT OF THE USE OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES
IN THE DIGITAL ECONOMY AND MEDICAL BUSINESS
Parpieva Malika Muxamadjonovna
TATU, “Menejment va marketing” katta o’qituvchisi
E-mail: malikaxonparpieva83@gmail.com
Annotatsiya.
Maqolada raqamli iqtisodiyot va tibbiyot biznesda raqamli
texnologiyalardan foydalanishning samaradorligi yoritilgan. Raqamli iqtisodiyot,
tibbiyot biznesda raqamli texnologiyalarga asoslangan, elektron biznes, elektron
tijorat bilan bog‘langan, raqamli tovar va xizmatlar ishlab chiqarayotgan va taqdim
etayotgan iqtisodiy faoliyatdir. Bunda iqtisodiy xizmat va tovarlar uchun hisob-
kitoblar elektron pul orqali amalga oshiriladi. Raqamli iqtisodiyot konsepsiyasi
atomdan bitga, ya’ni kimyoviy eng kichik zarradan elektron birlikka o‘tishga
asoslanadi. Raqamli iqtisodiyot tushunchasi - bu iqtisodiy faoliyatning bevosita
axborot kommunikatsiya texnologiyalarining rivojlantirilishi bilan bog‘liq bo‘lgan
raqamli ma’lumotlar vositasida tovarlar ishlab chiqarish va xizmatlar ko‘rsatish
samaradorligini oshirishga yo‘naltirilgan elektron, internet, tarmoq va virtual
iqtisodiyot ko‘rinishidagi ijtimoiy-iqtisodiy tizimi, tahlili masalalari yoritib berilgan.
Kalit so‘zlar:
raqamli, iqtisodiyot, biznes, tibbiyot, elektron, internet, tarmoq,
texnologiya, innovatsiya, rivojlanish, resurs, aloqa, talab, axborot, kommunikatsiya,
platforma, jarayon, xizmatlar, faoliyat, infratuzilma, dinamika, segment, klassik,
tahlil, ko‘rsatkich, telekommunikatsiya, ijtimoiyiqtisodiy, reyting, parametrlar,
ko‘nikmalar, statistik, mobil aloqa, baza, stansiya, kontent.
Annotatsiya.
В статье рассматривается цифровая экономика и
эффективность использования цифровых технологий в бизнесе. Цифровая
экономика - это экономическая деятельность, основанная на цифровых
технологиях в бизнесе, связанная с электронным бизнесом, электронной
коммерцией, производством и предоставлением цифровых товаров и услуг. В
этом случае оплата экономических услуг и товаров осуществляется
посредством электронных денег. Концепция цифровой экономики основана на
переходе от атома к биту, то есть от мельчайшей химической частицы к
электронной единице. Концепция цифровой экономики – это социальная
экономика в форме электронной, интернет-, сетевой и виртуальной экономики,
направленная на повышение эффективности производства товаров и
предоставления услуг посредством цифровых данных, что напрямую связано с
развитием информационно-коммуникационных технологий. экономической
системы, объясняются вопросы анализа.
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Ключевые слова:
cифровая, экономика, электронная, бизнес, интернет,
сет, технология, инновация, развитие, медитцина, ресурс, коммуникация, спрос,
информатсия, коммуникация, платформа, протсесс, услуги, деятелност,
инфраструктура,
динамика,
сегмент,
классика,
анализ,
показател,
телекоммуникация, сотсиално- экономический, рейтинг, параметры, навыки,
статистика, мобилный, связ, база, станция, контент.
Abstract.
The article covers the digital economy and the effectiveness of using
digital technologies in business. Digital economy is an economic activity based on
digital technologies in business, connected with e-business, e-commerce, producing
and providing digital goods and services. In this case, payments for economic
services and goods are made through electronic money. The concept of digital
economy is based on the transition from atom to bit, that is, from the smallest
chemical particle to an electronic unit. The concept of digital economy is a social-
economy in the form of electronic, internet, network and virtual economy aimed at
increasing the efficiency of production of goods and providing services through
digital data, which is directly related to the development of information and
communication technologies. economic system, analysis issues are explained.
Keywords:
digital, economy, business, medicine, electronic, internet, network,
technology,
innovation,
development,
resource,
communication,
demand,
information, communication, platform, process, services, activity, infrastructure,
dynamics, segment, classical, analysis, indicator, telecommunication, social-
economic, rating, parameters, skills, statistic, mobile, communication, base, station,
content.
INTRODUCTION
In the 21st century, digital technologies have firmly entered all areas of our
lives. The development of information and communication devices, the development
of various intelligent robot systems, the ability to work with increasingly large
amounts of data, etc. - all this had a serious impact on the direction
The development of the modern economy, in which the information factor plays
an increasingly important role. In addition, major world events often contribute to the
strengthening of these trends - for example, in the context of the COVID-19
pandemic, companies were forced to adapt to changing conditions and introduce
digital technologies into various business processes - from remote work formats use,
automate routine processes and more. Many companies that understand and feel the
benefits of new tools continue to work on the development of digital technologies
even after the pandemic recession. Changes are also taking place in the legal sphere -
special state programs are being developed, legislation is being formed and improved,
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the main directions for the development and introduction of digital technologies -
management, security and many other areas - are being determined.
The modern world cannot be imagined without information technologies, which
have changed and facilitated various industries, opening up new market
opportunities. The emergence of new digital infrastructures, the development of
computer technologies and digital communications creates new opportunities in the
field of information technologies, applies them to the socio-political and economic
life of society, and forms a new system of the international economy. The digital
economy is based on the production of electronic products and services by high-tech
business structures and the implementation of these products through electronic
commerce.
The digital economy is an activity in which the main factors of production are
information presented in digital form and their processing and use in large volumes,
which allows to increase various types of production, technologies, equipment,
efficiency, quality and productivity. storage, sale, delivery and consumption of goods
and services. In recent years, the importance of advanced technologies and
innovations in the development of the economy is increasing. The latest technologies
can improve the efficiency of production and business processes. As the latest
technologies penetrate into all new areas and fields of human activity, traditional
approaches and ways of working are changing[2].
The emergence and spread of information and communication technologies
(ICT) has had such an impact on the global economy that a new phenomenon - the
digital economy - has appeared. Under the influence of information and
communication technologies, the way of life of people began to change, the
relationships between users changed - it became possible to establish communication
between people in different geographical regions, fields of activity, etc. This is the
rapid growth of information communication, which is the basis of the digital
economy.
The impact of digital technologies is felt both globally and locally. The digital
economy is a rapidly growing part of the global economy as a combination of new
productions. New technologies have a transformative effect on some aspects of the
activities of well-established business entities, which mainly consists of replacing
working mechanisms - communication tools or industrial machines with digital or
digital mechanisms, as well as further modernizing them. The growth of the digital
economy is related to the growth of a number of markets directly related to digital
and mobile technologies. At the current stage of technology development and the
current state of the markets, the digital economy should be considered not as a goal,
but as a means of increasing the efficiency of economic activity. The modern digital
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economy offers new business models and emphasizes the need to change governance
mechanisms to reflect the changing reality.
ANALYSIS OF LITERATURE ON THE SUBJECT
When talking about the process of "digitization" of the economy and society (in
English - digitization means digitalization, sometimes digitalization means
digitalization), first of all, it is necessary to clarify the terminology. In the broadest
sense, the process of "digitization" usually refers to socio-economic change initiated
by the widespread use and assimilation of digital technologies.
The concept of digital economy has been given a number of definitions. In
particular, Professor V. Ivanov described that "Digital economy is a virtual
environment that complements our reality." According to Professor D. Kungurov,
there are two approaches to the term "digital economy" - classical and traditional.
Digital economy based on digital technologies and describing the exclusive
domain of electronic goods and services: the first approach is called "classical",
classic examples are telemedicine, distance education, sales of medicines (films,
television, books, etc.). The second approach: "digital economy" is economic
production using advanced digital technologies. M.L. Kalujsky defined digital
economy as economic Internet activity, as well as its forms, methods, means, and
communication environment for its implementation.
According to the sources, "Digital economy" is a model of this type of economy
that works in practice to a certain extent. The digital economy is a production
complex, a production system that creates products and services that provide life and
comfort for a person, where a certain cyber-physical (cyber-physical) system appears.
In our opinion, the digital economy is a virtual environment in which the production
complex creates products and services that provide convenience for people, and it is
considered an economic production system using digital technologies.
Interest in the digital economy has grown significantly due to significant
changes in society and the economy. Modern technologies and platforms have helped
businesses and individuals to reduce costs by minimizing personal communication
with customers, partners, and government organizations, as well as making
communication faster and easier. As a result, a digital or electronic economy based
on network resources appeared[1].
The word "digitalization" is actually a new term, which refers to the
involvement of IT solutions in the process of innovative management and
administration, and as a result, the use of information technologies in all systems,
from Internet of Things to e-government.
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
On May 24 of this year, an extended meeting of two competent committees of
the Legislative Chamber of the Oliy Majlis was held. At the meeting, the information
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of the Ministry of Health was heard on "Regarding the work being carried out on the
widespread introduction of digital technologies in the field of medicine." This event
was attended by deputies, members of the Public Council for the Development of the
Information Industry and Mass Communications, leading employees of the Ministry
of
Health
and
experts
[https://parl.uz/articles/society/tibbiyot_sohasini_
raqamzharishmenting_afzallilari/]
It is noted that in recent years, certain works have been carried out to digitize the
health sector and introduce a single complex of information systems, reduce
redundant procedures in the management process, and expand the scope of providing
medical services to the population. President of Uzbekistan Sh.M. Mirziyoyev, on
May 21 of this year, during the presentation of the work carried out by the Health
Projects Center and the presentation of new proposals, emphasized that the insurance
system is not fully functioning due to insufficient digitization of medical institutions,
and doctors spend most of their time filling out reports. it was given.
In our capital, the task of creating a model system for digitalization of the industry
was set, and for this purpose, it was mentioned that all institutions will be equipped
with new computers and equipment. "Electronic polyclinic" and "Electronic hospital"
systems will be launched by the end of the year. This, in turn, puts an end to
excessive hassles and red tape, allows all work to be carried out systematically, and
allows doctors to devote more time to patients.
According to the information, today all 3,645 medical institutions are connected
to high-speed Internet networks. 100% local network was built in outpatient facilities,
23,024 medical workers were provided with computer devices.
Also, the ministry plans to create a single platform for digital healthcare, an
information system base for medical associations, to equip medical associations with
ICT infrastructure and telecommunication devices, to improve the knowledge and
skills of doctors and nurses in 2024-2026. "supporting reforms" project was
developed.
Today, the improved interpretation of the "Electronic polyclinic" information
system was launched in family polyclinic No. 7 in Mirzo Ulugbek district of
Tashkent city. Unlike the previous system, the patronage service of this system has
been digitized.
In addition, 2 public services have been launched through the Unified interactive
public services portal. In particular, it is possible to obtain a medical certificate for
temporary incapacity for work and a medical certificate required for a driver's license
online.
In addition, on the basis of the "Tibbiyot" information system - mis2.ssv.uz, the
"Form 066 electronic registration module" was developed, and it was possible to
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enter information about the diagnosis of citizens' diseases in the 066 report in
electronic form..
During the discussions, the deputies specially recognized the extensive work
being carried out on the digitalization of the medical system in our country, in
particular, the implementation of the automated information system in primary
medical and sanitary care institutions.
At the same time, they noted that some problems in this regard are being
observed in the process of public appeals, parliamentary control activities conducted
by local deputies, meetings in electoral districts.
During the discussions, a number of proposals and recommendations were made
for the widespread introduction of digital technologies in the field of medicine, the
creation of a software environment for the exchange of medical information between
healthcare institutions, and the adaptation of the field to the requirements of the time.
It is associated with technological changes that create new features both in the
global economic system and in the economy of individual markets and enterprises.
Digital technologies have revolutionized business. The new digital economy is based
on fundamentally different rules than the traditional economy. Economic entities are
forced to work in a constantly changing environment, and development in such
conditions means constant adaptation of business to the dynamically changing
environment at the strategic and tactical level [2].
It is to determine the impact of digital information technologies on business and
propose ways for the company to respond to the challenges of the digital economy.
The digital economy has a major impact on manufacturing, commerce, transportation
and financial services, education, healthcare, media, and more. Technologies
empower people and organizations in a variety of ways, enabling ideas to be created
and disseminated, developed and developed. introduction and implementation of
innovations in commercial activities.
The development of the information digital economy is inextricably linked with
the development of the information market. The information market can be described
as a system of economic, legal and organizational relations for the purchase and sale
of intellectual labor products on a commercial basis.
With the growth of informatization and digitization of society, the information
industry began to dominate the economy, production is becoming more and more
innovative and intensive. The number of people employed in the field of information
and communication technologies is increasing year by year. In recent decades, the
main factor stimulating the informatization of society is the growth in the availability
of hardware and software, and the development of network technologies. The rapid
development of the information market was significantly influenced by the rapid
growth of business in the development of software products.
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The development of the digital economy has led to the emergence of a new type
of competition - hyper-competition. The systemic elements of hypercompetition are
multi-level and multi-dimensional, new knowledge (competencies), manageability,
dynamism, flexibility, mobility, innovation, efficiency, etc., which determine the
globalization advantages of world leaders and technologically advanced multinational
companies.
The information market uses special methods of competition of structures that
perform non-universal functions of developing innovative technologies for the
production, storage, processing and transmission of information in order to optimize
the business processes of organizations.
Information and communication technologies (ICT) allow enterprises to
optimize business processes. At the macroeconomic level, the impact of ICT explains
the need to choose new directions for the development of the economy of countries
and regions that take into account the trends in the world economy, including its use.
The digital economy is able to overcome a number of limitations inherent in the
traditional economy.
Digital products can be copied and used by an unlimited number of people, and
they do not lose their consumer characteristics, and often improve as these
characteristics are shared and shared. In this case, material products cannot be used
by more than one person at the same time and are subject to wear and tear during
operation. Online stores allow you to avoid limitations in the areas and therefore the
width of the assortment that are characteristic of conventional trading platforms.
As the influence of data on company management increases, further scrutiny of
the ways in which it is used is required. Nowadays, it is increasingly difficult to solve
organizational and management problems of companies, to establish business
processes.
The digital economy has made a number of important changes in the activities
of companies:
1. the emergence of an information production factor that has become an
important re-source;
2. Increase in production costs as commodity and factor data have a price
3. Reducing transaction costs through the use of ICT;
4. Increasing the importance of the human factor in the introduction of ICT-
based production;
5. Reducing the importance of the uncertainty factor by actively using the
information resource.
In the traditional economy, the main role in the relationship between the
producer and the buyer was played by the producer, because he was concerned with
the formation of product ideas. The buyer made a choice from the list of benefits
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already produced and offered by the manufacturer. In the digital economy, the
modern customer has the opportunity to be a participant in the process of creating
new consumer value, generating ideas for new products and services.
The transition to closer interaction with the consumer can be described as a
logical step for manufacturing enterprises to change the business environment.
Manufacturing companies began to cooperate more and more with the consumer
(creation of product design, production of products according to individual orders,
development of new product functionality, etc.). The concept of "open innovation"
developed by G. Chezborough is also related to the changes caused by the digital
economy. Open innovation can be observed in the process of actively involving
consumer businesses in the process of creating innovations, where companies use not
only internal ideas (ideas of employees), but also external ones (ideas of consumers).
Knowledge is a strategically important asset in the digital economy. They play a key
role in the sustainable economic development of companies in various industries. In
this regard, it is appropriate to form new approaches to developing a business
development strategy based on modern tools and methods of integrating corporate
knowledge into the company's management system. Knowledge management, as one
of the most important activities in the management system, should be directed to the
formation of intellectual values, the development of organizational, consumer and
human capital of enterprises. Intensive use of intellectual assets provides
opportunities for the formation of internal and external competences, which together
form the system of the company's main competencies. The development of the digital
economy has a significant impact on the internal and external business environment.
There are fundamental changes in the field of information and communication
technologies, which are reflected in various directions of the company's activity. The
Internet allows even new and small companies to sell their products worldwide.
Companies can be established and developed quickly with relatively small capital
investments.
Information technology helps to reduce costs, significantly increase labor
productivity and productivity in almost all sectors of the economy. In the digital
economy, the position of companies in the market is becoming more complicated,
risk and uncertainty are increasing in making strategic decisions. This situation is
associated with unstable conditions due to dynamic changes at the technological
level, increased competition, and the influence of the state on the economy. The
technological changes inherent in the digital economy create new market rules of
business for producers and buyers. In the digital economic environment, companies
must constantly seek new competitive strategies and improve their competitive
performance. In order to survive and develop in the new environment, companies
need to improve their skills in the field of digital information technologies[1].
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ANALYSIS AND RESULTS
In our opinion, the main purpose of digital technologies in business of the
enterprise is to provide conditions for increasing its competitiveness and increasing
the economic efficiency of production activities. According to the purpose of digital
technologies in business, enterprises can be classified as follows [4]:
organization of competitive product production;
achieving high efficiency, adaptation of production and organizational
processes;
increase the investment attractiveness of the enterprise;
increasing the flexibility and transparency of the management system,
which guarantees the economic efficiency of the enterprise, etc.
In order to design digital technologies in business, it is necessary to develop a
classification of the enterprise according to the criteria of availability and expediency
of the implementation of digital technologies in the enterprise. Thus, the main digital
technologies are combined into three groups[4].
table №1
Grouping of digital technologies
Naming of groups
Description of these groups
Basic technologies
technologies that cannot digitally
transform these enterprises (cloud
technologies, wireless communication
technologies, paperless technologies,
etc.);
Important technologies
technologies
that
ensure
a
complete digital transformation of the
enterprise (big data, cloud computing,
unmanned technologies, etc.);
Advanced technologies
Technologies
that
make
the
transition from "analog" to digital
enterprise (artificial intelligence, neural
networks, distributed data registers,
machine learning, etc.)
In business, digital technologies have played an important role in improving the
income and investment attractiveness of enterprises. With the possibilities of high-
tech production, automation of production processes, rational use of databases in
management, digital technologies are a factor that greatly affects their efficiency for
any enterprise.
In addition, companies that quickly adopted digital technologies during the
COVID-19 era were able to protect or even increase their revenues during the crisis.
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However, as we have listed above, it is appropriate to start the digital technology
process taking into account a number of features, enterprise scale, product types,
competitive environment, financial resources, etc. The digital technology of industrial
enterprises has its positive aspects and potential risks, which are presented in the
table.
table №2
Advantages and potential risks of digital technology
Positive aspects
Risks
Digital
technologies,
artificial
intelligence, industrial Internet of
things, big data analysis, unmanned air,
water and land transport.
Dependence
on
borrowed
imported technologies, the reduction of
own powers, the possibility of having
hidden "bookmarks" in hardware and
software.
New trade markets, business
models, innovative productions, media
services and services.
The
possibility
of
early
acquisition of innovative markets by
companies
from
economically
developed countries
Increase in labor productivity,
production
efficiency,
automation,
robotization.
Reduction of jobs, elimination of
certain
specialties,
unemployment,
social tension
Increasing
efficiency
and
standardization of services, eliminating
middlemen,
eliminating
transport,
medicine,
education
and
service
industries.
Legal
uncertainty,
increasing
fraud,
ethical
problems,
social
stratification
Big
data
analysis,
digital
identification, service customization.
Loss
of
privacy,
intrusive
advertising, disclosure of confidential
information of enterprises and personal
information of citizens
Investments,
startups,
digital
money, new areas of activity, new
technological order
Foreign economic governance,
digital globalism, digital colonialism
After a proper risk assessment of the benefits and harms that the digitalization
process can bring, a plan for the implementation of this process will be drawn up. In
general, the development of a digital enterprise concept and strategy is carried out in
the following stages. The digital technology of the enterprise goes through several
stages (Fig. 1).
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Figure 1. Stages of digital technology of enterprises
- Development of digital enterprise concept and strategy. Assessing the level of
use of digital technologies in the current state of the enterprise and setting specific
goals. Drawing up a sequence and strategy of work to be carried out based on the set
goals.
- Information analysis. It is necessary to analyze data with the help of a multi-
functional team of experts, and then use the collected data to improve the
organization's performance, make decisions, design intelligent systems, improve
products, and create new offers and services.
- Determination of necessary resources - it is necessary to determine in detail the
necessary resources to achieve the goal, to attract and train specialists to improve
business processes, and to develop strategies for the introduction of new
technologies.
- Create initial pilot projects to test idea viability and demonstrate business
value. Development of digital duplicates of products, processes and enterprises.
- In order to accelerate digital technology, to ensure the profitability of ongoing
projects, it is necessary to cooperate with universities, leading companies in the field
of digital technologies, and work with digital startups. Define the completed concept
of the digital enterprise based on the analysis of the experience gained.
Develop a
digital
enterprise
concept and
strategy exit
Accelerate
digital
transformation
Information
analysis
Testing the
viability of
the idea
Transforming
into a digital
enterprise
Converting
production to
digital
Acceleration of
digital
transformation
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- Transforming into a digital enterprise. Transforming a traditional enterprise
into a digital enterprise requires a clear arrangement of management structure and
functions, clear leadership, commitment and vision of top management. Development
of an employee incentive system that eliminates the possibility of resistance to digital
innovations. Digital culture should be encouraged: all employees should be able to
work in a digital industrial environment, be ready to try new technologies, learn new
ways of working with equipment.
- Horizontal and vertical integration of production systems is necessary to
implement the digital transformation of production, and a significant part of the
currently used information systems can share information, but their compatibility
both within the enterprise and between interacting enterprises should be provided at
all levels. The creation of a single information space provides an opportunity for
quick and timely information exchange between automated enterprise management
systems and industrial equipment. In digital production, products can be produced
according to individual orders, so the consumer becomes a direct participant in the
interaction and therefore an element of the value chain [4].
Summarizing the main approaches to digital business transformation based on
the above technological trends and classifications, the following types of enterprise
digital transformation models can be identified: process, network, technology, matrix.
CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS
In conclusion, it should be noted that as a result of the introduction of digital
technologies into economic sectors, they have a number of advantages, which are
expressed in the following: as a result of the automation of enterprise activities and
the achievement of full digitization of the process, competitive products are
produced, production and labor resources will be used efficiently and economically,
investment attractiveness of enterprises and transparency of the production process
will be ensured.
The process of digitalization in business enterprises may lead to possible losses
in terms of its own characteristics, the need for financial resources and conditional
infrastructure. It is important to form and plan this process in accordance with the
state of the enterprise and the type of activity.
Choosing one of the relevant models of digital technology in business, that is,
process, network, technological models, allows to specify the work to be done in
business enterprises, to increase efficiency consistently and through a clearly defined
action plan.
Therefore, in order to implement digital technologies in business in enterprises,
the following is suggested:
1. to have a team of highly qualified workers who have the necessary competence
in the work process;
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2. development of a set of methods, techniques and measures that allow for the
most effective combination with innovative work tools and objects, taking into
account the existing conditions and time;
3. Based on the need to increase the pace of digitalization of production, it is
necessary to establish active cooperation with interested organizations and
enterprises, specialized higher education institutions, vocational schools.
The effectiveness of the use of digital technologies in the digital economy and
business shows that it is developing simultaneously in a wide range of areas and is
usually not built by a limited number of companies, even if they are given special
powers and resources. Therefore, the main role of using digital technologies in the
digital economy and business should be occupied by private businesses with a strong
entrepreneurial and innovative approach, and the state should deal with creating
infrastructure and conditions for private initiative.
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