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4-To’plam 2-son Aprel , 2025
180
BUSINESS LETTER AS A TYPE OF OFFICIAL BUSINESS SPEECH.
USWLU 3
rd
English facultyTeaching English methodology-3 department
Associate Professor
Saidova Mamura Suleymanovna
Abstract: The business letter, as a form of official business speech, plays a
crucial role in professional communication, maintaining a structured and
standardized approach to correspondence. The stylistic features of business
writing are shaped by its function within specific domains such as commerce, law,
diplomacy, and administration. This paper explores the linguistic and structural
characteristics of business letters, emphasizing their formal tone, thematic focus,
and adherence to standardized formats. The study highlights the impact of
official-business style on document accuracy, neutrality, and clarity, ensuring
unambiguous communication between parties. Additionally, the role of business
letters in international communication is discussed, underscoring their
importance in maintaining legally binding agreements and professional
relationships. The findings reveal that while business correspondence remains
relatively conservative, it continues to evolve in response to changes in legal,
economic, and technological environments.
Keywords:
Business
letter,
official
business
speech,
business
communication,
formal
writing,
document
standardization,
business
correspondence, professional communication, linguistic features, official-
business style, neutrality, clarity, accuracy, international business, legal
documentation, diplomacy, commercial correspondence.
Style is directly related to the extra-linguistic reality, as the formation of
style norm is connected with the sphere of human activity in which it is used. The
peculiarities of style are conditioned by the peculiarities of communication in this
sphere.
Ilm fan taraqqiyotida raqamli iqtisodiyot va zamonaviy
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Style is a kind of literary language, which is traditionally fixed in society
for one of the spheres of life.
At the same time, each variety has certain linguistic features (first of all,
vocabulary and grammar) and is opposed to other similar varieties of literary
language, which relate to other spheres of life and have their own linguistic
features.
We can only talk about the relative closedness of the functional styles of
the literary language. Most of the linguistic means in each style are interstyle,
neutral. However, the core of each style is formed by linguistic means peculiar to
it with appropriate stylistic coloring and common norms of use [Andryushkin,
2008, p.45].
There is a constant interaction between styles. Words and expressive means
of one style can penetrate into another, however, each functional style has its own
features of using the general literary norm, which can be used to distinguish one
style from another.
In the English literary language in the process of its development isolated
speech style, which is called the style of business speech, or the style of business
documents. Like other speech styles, this style has certain goals of
communication, patterns and linguistic characteristics common to this style.
The characteristic feature of this style, as compared to other styles of
English, is its relative persistence. Of course, over time it changes somewhat,
which is due to the very nature of the content. However, most of its qualities,
genres, historically conditioned, phraseologisms, terminology give it the character
of conservatism.
Business speech has several varieties. In the field of international relations,
the style of diplomatic documents is distinguished; in the field of trade and
economics - the style of commercial correspondence; in the field of jurisprudence
- the language of legislative provisions, codes, judicial and procedural documents,
Ilm fan taraqqiyotida raqamli iqtisodiyot va zamonaviy
ta'limning o'rni hamda rivojlanish omillari
4-To’plam 2-son Aprel , 2025
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parliamentary decisions. As a special kind of business speech in modern English,
the language of military documents is distinguished: orders, statutes, reports, etc.
The language of military documents is also distinguished.
The main purpose of a business speech is to define the conditions that will
ensure normal cooperation between two parties, i.e., the purpose of a business
speech is to reach an agreement between two interested parties. This applies to
business correspondence between representatives of different firms, to the
exchange of notes between states, to the establishment of the rights and duties of
a soldier written in the military regulations of the army, and to the procedure of
meetings. All these relations find one or another expression in the form of an
official document - a letter, a note, a treaty, a law, a statute, etc. [Pamukhina, 2006,
p.87].
In all linguistic cultures, official business writing is formed as the state
apparatus develops. Formation of official-business written speech is primarily
associated with the need to document legal relations of legal and private persons.
Worldwide, documentation is the process of recording information on paper or
other media that ensures its legal validity. The rules of documentation are
established by legal acts of the state.
Documentation in business communication is of particular importance: a
reference to an oral agreement may be refuted or questioned. However, if the same
agreement or order takes the form of a document, it is considered that the
reference to it is legally justified. The result of documenting is the creation of a
document. Today we can talk about the international properties of documents,
because in international practice they serve as a tool of business communication,
a linguistic means of fixing business, managerial, official information [Bass,
1998, p.54].
Modern official-business style belongs to the book style and functions in
the form of written speech. Oral form of official-business speech is presented in
Ilm fan taraqqiyotida raqamli iqtisodiyot va zamonaviy
ta'limning o'rni hamda rivojlanish omillari
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the form of speeches at solemn gatherings, meetings, receptions, reports of state
and public figures, etc.
It is known that the content of a document is closely related to its form, so
the language design of documents, depending on the content and purpose of
writing, will be different in different cases. Quite often the form of the document
and the language means chosen for its creation can play a major role in conveying
the content.
The content of a document, its character and genre are reflected in special
language means that are not used in another field, and if they are used, they have
a completely different linguistic load. It is characteristic that linguistic means of
certain types of documents to a greater or lesser extent can be inherent in another
type, but there are cases when these or those linguistic means formalize only a
certain type of documents and cannot be used in another type [Vasilieva, 1998,
p.112].
As a rule, the concept of business English is associated with the skills that
most people need to successfully perform their work: making presentations,
negotiating, taking an active part in meetings or telephone conferences, receiving
visitors, as well as writing reports and business letters [Pamukhina, 2006, p.157].
Business writing is characterized by the official business style of
presentation of content. Specific features of this style are:
-
addressability, implying the presence of specific participants of
managerial activity - senders (addressees) and recipients (addressees) of
business letters;
-
exceptionally neutral tone of presentation;
-
emphasized officialism and businesslike manner, which is expressed in
the subordination of correspondents' written communication and
compliance with standard rules of business letter formatting;
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-
thematic limitation of letters, which, as a rule, do not cover more than
one or two issues;
-
lexical and compositional uniformity of letter content;
-
stable repetition of vocabulary values in combination with limited use
of them in the text of business letters;
-
laconicity and clarity of presentation, excluding different readings or
double interpretation of the content of the letter [Veselov, 1993, p. 38].
Accuracy in business style plays a special role, as in official documents the
unambiguity of expression is obligatory. Clarity of wording, strict normalization
and standardization are necessary in a business document.
So, a business letter should dispose the addressee to itself by the manifestation
of sincerity. The general tone of the letter, with all its emphasized officialism and
businesslike nature, should be benevolent towards the recipient of the letter, which
contributes to the establishment of a stronger mutual understanding between the
participants of correspondence. The letter should be full of respect to the
addressee: it is due caution to the partner, and tact in communication with him,
and emphasized understanding of his interests and problems. Next, let us consider
the structure of a business letter.
The list of used literature:
1.
Andryushkin, 2008, Business English. . – 3rd edition, revised and
supplemented. - M.: Dashkov and K. – 332 p.45
2.
Bass E.M. Scientific and business correspondence. - Moscow: Nauka,
1998. - 176 p
3.
Mukhamedova, N. A. “The role of modality contamination and
negation in the interrogative sentence”. Novainfo. Ru, (130), 59-61.
4.
Pamukhina L.G. English for Business Communication. - MOSCOW:
GIS. - 2006. – 440p.
5.
Vasilieva L.T. Business correspondence in English. - Moscow: Iris-
PRESS, 1998. - 352 p.
