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INCREASING THE EFFICIENCY OF PRODUCTION CAPACITY UTILIZATION IN TEXTILE
ENTERPRISES BASED ON THE OPTIMIZATION MODEL OF THE PRODUCTION PROGRAM
Tursunov Bobir Ortikmirzaevich
Doctor of economics (DSc.), Professor at ISFT, member of the International Statistical Institute (UN),
Uzbekistan
AB O U T ART I CL E
Key words:
Production capacity, multivariate
analysis, dispersion, rational use, textile industry,
optimization.
Received:
12.07.2024
Accepted
: 17.07.2024
Published
: 22.07.2024
Abstract:
In this paper has been investigated
increasing the efficiency of production capacity
utilization in textile enterprises based on the
optimization model of the production program.
INTRODUCTION
In the history of the development of the world economy, rich experience has been
accumulated in the management of the effective use of production capacities in the improvement of the
management of industrial production factors, but the possibilities of rational use of the existing
resource potential in large industrial companies have not been fully exploited. "World trade 5.2 percent,
6.1 percent of the export of industrial products are textile industry products. By the end of 2018, the
use of production capacity in this sector was "in India. It is 88.0 percent, 81.2 percent in the Netherlands,
81.0 percent in China, and 78.9 percent in Turkey. In other developing countries with high live labor
capacity, this indicator is even lower.
Scientific research centers in the world have conducted scientific research in the directions of
optimizing the use of production capacity in textile enterprises, managing resources in the enterprise,
and improving the product supply chain in textile enterprises. Currently, in textile enterprises, making
management decisions to increase the efficiency of the use of production facilities, introducing modern
MRP II, ERP automated management systems in the management of the use of production facilities,
strategic planning of the use of production facilities (IChQF), developing the development strategy of
the enterprise and increasing the efficiency of management Scientific research is being carried out in
priority directions.
LITERATURE REVIEW
Many foreign scientists, including F. Robert Jacobs, Richard B Chase, Cline W., Doeringer P., Crean S.,
Dickerson K.G., Nordas H. K., Verma S., Juyoung, on the issues of increasing the management efficiency
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https://doi.org/10.55640/jme-04-07-04
Pages: 23-29
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of enterprises and effective use of production factors Lee, Xiajun A, Dorothe´e H., Mayukh D. etc. carried
out scientific research.
In the countries of the Commonwealth of Independent States, M.S. Abryutina, A.I. Belov, G.N. Dobrin,
A.E. Karlik, M.I. Bukhalkov,
V.N. Vasiliev, O.S. Vikhansky, A.I. Naumov, M.V. Dadalova and K.S. Scientists like Krivyakin conducted
scientific research.
N.S.Ziyadullaev, A.Sh.Bekmurodov, M.R.Boltabaev, N.Q.Yoldoshev, U.A.Shodmonova, G.E.Zahidov, R
Scientific works of S. Muratov, A. A. Tillyakhodjaev, Z. A. Khakimov, S. Sh. Yusupov, O. Davronov and
other economist-scientists are dedicated.
Despite the significant contribution of the listed scientists to the science of management, until today, a
single point of view on the effective use of production factors in improving the management of the
enterprise has not been developed, comprehensive approaches to the formation of conditions for the
effective use of production capacities and their support have not been researched. For this reason, it is
appropriate to carry out research on improving the theoretical and methodological foundations of
organizing the effective use of production factors in improving the management of textile enterprises.
ANALYSIS AND RESULTS
In order to effectively use production capacity in textile enterprises in the conditions of innovative
development of the economy, it is a leading task to study the changing market requirements and create
a production program based on it.
Taking into account the variety of products produced in textile enterprises, it is necessary to solve
technical, economic and organizational complex issues of the management system. The purpose of
solving such issues is to satisfy the market demands by using the production potential of the enterprises
(all technical, financial, food and energy potentials).
It is known that the level of efficiency of the use of production capacity of enterprises directly depends
on the optimality of the production program, which determines the type of products and their weight.
The rational use of labor resources, that is, equipment, which is the basis of the production process in
enterprises, leads to the fulfillment of the enterprise's production plans, increases its efficiency and
profitability of the enterprise.
Various types and models of looms are installed in the textile enterprises operating in the Namangan
region, which is studied as an object in this dissertation, which leads to many variants of the program
of production of various products in several types of looms.
For example, in the textile industry, if it is necessary to plan the production of 4 different products on 3
types of machines, then the total number of options of the production program will be more than
30,000. In such conditions, choosing the most optimal of the available options becomes a problem that
cannot be solved using simple planning methods. The use of economic mathematical methods,
particularly linear programming methods, to solve these complex problems can be of great benefit to
enterprises. Creating mathematical expressions of problems using linear programming methods and
calculating them with the help of IT technologies, the time and other expenses spent on it, the profit
from optimization of the production program can be many times greater.
When creating mathematical expressions for the optimization of the production program, it is
necessary to observe several conditions:
1. The main purpose of the problem to be solved is clearly defined and it should have quantitative
dimensions.
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2. The conditions for solving the problem have quantitative dimensions, like its purpose, and should be
quantitatively connected with the indicators representing the purpose of the problem.
A full mathematical expression of the problem can be made only when the above conditions are met. In
the optimization of the production program, the following economic indicators can be accepted as
criteria indicators representing the purpose of the issue:
Increase the volume of the produced product in terms of kind and value indicators.
Increasing labor productivity.
Reducing the cost of the manufactured product.
Increase the profit from the sale of the product.
Reducing the amount of raw materials or labor required to complete the production program.
Increasing the level of efficiency of enterprises.
The conditions necessary for the production of products in the enterprises are accepted as the
conditions for solving the problems.
It is known that the conditions of production of products mainly include the use of labor tools, raw
materials, and labor resources.
We use the following conditional symbols to construct a mathematical expression that represents the
purpose of the problem described above and the conditions for its solution:
𝑖
-
дастгоҳлар турлари сони
(𝑖 = 1, 𝑚)
𝑎
-
маҳсулот турлари сони
𝑋
𝑖𝑗
-
турдаги дастгоҳда ишлаб чиқарилган,
𝑗
-
турдаги маҳсулот ҳажми.
𝑡
𝑖𝑗
-
𝑖
турдаги дастгоҳда ишлаб чиқарилган
𝑗
турдаги махсулотнинг бир бирлигини ишлаб
чиқариш учун сарфланадиган иш
вақти
𝑡
𝑖𝑗𝑟
-
𝑗
турдаги маҳсулотнинг бир бирлигини ишлаб чиқариш учун
𝑖
турдаги дастгоҳда ишлаб
чиқарилганда сарф бўладиган
𝑟
касбдаги иш вақти.
𝑎
𝑖𝑗
-
𝑗
турдаги маҳсулотнинг бир бирлигини ишлаб чиқариш учун
𝑖
турдаги дастгоҳнинг
сарфлайдиган иш вақти.
𝑒
𝑖𝑗𝑘
-
𝑖
турдаги дастгоҳда ишлаб чиқарилган
𝑗
турдаги маҳсулотниг бир бирлигига сарф
қилинаёттган
k
турдаги хомашёнинг миқдори.
𝑆
𝑖𝑗
-
турлари дастгоҳда ишлаб чиқарилган турдаги маҳсулотнинг таннархи.
-
𝑝
𝑖𝑗
турдаги дастгоҳда ишлаб чиқарилган турдаги маҳсулотниг бир бирлигини
сотишдан олинадиган фойда
-
𝑐
𝑖𝑗
турлаги махсулотнинг сотилиш баҳоси
-
𝑀
𝑖
турдаги дастгоҳнинг иш соатларини жамғармаси (фонди)
-
𝐵
𝑗
турдаги маҳсулотларнинг ишлаб чиқариш режасида кўзда тутилган ҳажми
-
Т
1
ва Т
2
–
мос равишда корхонадаги меҳнат жамғармаларинниг миқдори.
-
𝐴
𝑘
Корхоналарнинг турдаги хомашёларининг жамғармаси.
- the number of types of machines
- the number of product types
- produced on a type of machine, - type of product size.
- working time spent on the production of one unit of the type of product produced on the type machine
- working time in the profession, which is spent on the production of one unit of the product of the type
on the machine of the type.
- the working time spent by the type of machine to produce one unit of the type of product.
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- the amount of k type of raw materials used for one unit of the type of product produced on the type
machine.
- types are the cost of the type of product produced on the machine.
- the profit from the sale of one unit of the product of the type produced in the type machine
- the selling price of various products
- fund of working hours of the type of machine (fund)
- the volume provided for in the production plan of the type of products
- T1 and T2
–
the amount of labor savings in the enterprise, respectively.
- Savings of types of raw materials of enterprises.
Using these conditional symbols, it is possible to construct a mathematical expression of the problem
of optimizing the production program. It consists of equalities and inequalities representing the terms
of the function and the solution of the problem.
Several of the aforementioned technical and economic indicators can be used as benchmarks in
constructing the objective functions of the production program optimization problem. Which of these
indicators to choose depends on the intended goal of solving the problem of optimizing the production
program.
If the enterprise wants to increase its quantitative indicators, indicators such as the volume of
manufactured products, labor productivity, and profit from the sale of products can be taken as criteria
indicators for constructing the objective function. If the enterprise wants to improve its economic
indicators without changing the volume of production, i.e. wants to increase the efficiency of using all
its resources, then it is possible to accept indicators such as raw materials spent on the production of
products, labor savings, and the cost of products as criteria indicators.
Here are the objective functions of the production program optimization problem, which are structured
according to several criteria:
1. According to the criterion of increasing the volume of manufactured products:
𝐿(𝑥) = ∑
∑
∙ 𝑋
𝑖𝑗
→ 𝑚𝑎𝑥
𝑛
𝑗=1
𝑚
𝑖=1
(1)
2. To increase the volume of the company's product:
𝐿(𝑥) = ∑
∑
𝐶
𝑗
∙ 𝑋
𝑖𝑗
→ 𝑚𝑎𝑥
𝑛
𝑗=1
𝑚
𝑖=1
(2)
3. According to the criterion of increasing profit from the sale of manufactured products:
𝐿(𝑥) = ∑
∑
𝑝
𝑖𝑗
∙ 𝑋
𝑖𝑗
→ 𝑚𝑎𝑥
𝑛
𝑗=1
𝑚
𝑖=1
(3)
4. According to the criterion of reducing the labor spent on manufactured products:
𝐿(𝑥) = ∑
∑
𝑡
𝑖𝑗
∙ 𝑋
𝑖𝑗
→ 𝑚𝑖𝑛
𝑛
𝑗=1
𝑚
𝑖=1
(4)
𝐿(𝑥) = ∑
∑
𝑡
𝑖𝑗𝑟
∙ 𝑋
𝑖𝑗
→ 𝑚𝑖𝑛
𝑛
𝑗=1
𝑚
𝑖=1
(5)
5. According to the criterion of reducing the amount of raw materials used for manufactured
products:
𝐿(𝑥) = ∑
∑
∑
𝐿
𝑖𝑗𝑘
∙ 𝑋
𝑖𝑗
→ 𝑚𝑖𝑛
𝑘
𝑟=1
𝑛
𝑗=1
𝑚
𝑖=1
(6)
6. According to the criterion of reducing the cost of manufactured goods:
𝐿(𝑥) = ∑
∑
𝑆
𝑖𝑗
∙ 𝑋
𝑖𝑗
→ 𝑚𝑖𝑛
𝑛
𝑗=1
𝑚
𝑖=1
(7)
Mathematical expressions based on the above criteria are solved using the linear programming method.
In the issue of optimization of the production program, when the indicators relative to the objective
functions are selected as criteria, the objective functions are constructed as follows:
7. According to the criterion of reducing the amount of labor spent on one unit of the product
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𝐿(𝑥) =
∑
∑
𝑡
𝑖𝑗
∙𝑋
𝑖𝑗
𝑛
𝑗=1
𝑚
𝑖=1
∑
∑
𝑋
𝑖𝑗
𝑛
𝑗=1
𝑚
𝑖=1
→ 𝑚𝑖𝑛
(8)
8. According to the criterion of cost reduction in the cost of manufactured goods
𝐿(𝑥) =
∑
∑
𝑆
𝑖𝑗
∙𝑋
𝑖𝑗
𝑛
𝑗=1
𝑚
𝑖=1
∑
∑
𝑋
𝑖𝑗
𝑛
𝑗=1
𝑚
𝑖=1
→ 𝑚𝑖𝑛
(9)
9. On labor productivity and product production efficiency indicators
𝐿(𝑥) =
∑
∑
∙𝑋
𝑖𝑗
𝑛
𝑗=1
𝑚
𝑖=1
∑
∑
𝑡
𝑖𝑗
∙𝑋
𝑖𝑗
𝑛
𝑗=1
𝑚
𝑖=1
→ 𝑚𝑎𝑥
(10)
10. According to criteria for increasing labor productivity in terms of natural and value indicators
𝐿(𝑥) =
∑
∑
𝐶
𝑗
∙𝑋
𝑖𝑗
𝑛
𝑗=1
𝑚
𝑖=1
∑
∑
𝑡
𝑖𝑗
∙𝑋
𝑖𝑗
𝑛
𝑗=1
𝑚
𝑖=1
→ 𝑚𝑎𝑥
(11)
11. According to the criterion of increasing the efficiency of product production
𝐿(𝑥) =
∑
∑
𝑝
𝑗
∙𝑋
𝑖𝑗
𝑛
𝑗=1
𝑚
𝑖=1
∑
∑
𝑆
𝑖𝑗
∙𝑋
𝑖𝑗
𝑛
𝑗=1
𝑚
𝑖=1
→ 𝑚𝑎𝑥
(12)
The above-mentioned goals are achieved taking into account the specific conditions of production
enterprises. These conditions are the conditions that reflect the sales activities of the company and the
manufactured products.
In the conditions of competition, it is necessary to organize management activities in textile enterprises,
taking into account the requirements of customers for the manufactured products. Taking into account
that the resources in the enterprise are limited, we formulate the mathematical expression of the
optimization problem:
1. Conditions for using the working time savings of production machines:
∑ 𝑎
𝑖𝑗
∙ 𝑋
𝑖𝑗
≤ 𝑀
𝑗
, (𝑗 = 1, 𝑛)
𝑛
𝑗=1
1. Conditions for using reserves of raw materials in the enterprise:
∑ ∑ 𝐿
𝑖𝑗
∙ 𝑋
𝑖𝑗
≤ 𝐴
𝑘
, (𝑘 = 1, 𝑙)
𝑛
𝑗=1
𝑚
𝑖=1
1.
Use of working time savings of workers in existing professions in the enterprise:
∑ ∑ 𝑡
𝑖𝑗
∙ 𝑋
𝑖𝑗
≤ 𝑇
𝑟
, (𝑟 = 1, 𝑒)
𝑛
𝑗=1
𝑚
𝑖=1
2.
Condition of production of customer products:
∑ 𝑋
𝑖𝑗
≥ 𝐵
𝑗
, (𝑗 = 1, 𝑛)
𝑛
𝑗=1
3.
Product demand must be produced at the planned level.
∑ 𝑋
𝑖𝑗
= 𝐵
𝑗
, (𝑗 = 𝑛 + 1, 𝑛)
𝑛
𝑗=1
The following condition must also be met:
𝑋
𝑖𝑗
≥ 0, (𝑖 = 1, 𝑚)/(𝑗 = 1, 𝑛)
The expressions presented above show the main production capacities of the enterprises and the terms
of sale of the product. Using these expressions, it is possible to create a mathematical expression of the
production program optimization problem according to any criterion indicator.
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If we choose the functions from (1) to (5), the problem can be solved by linear programming methods,
taking into account the conditions.
If we take the functions from (7) to (11), the problem can be solved using the fractional linear
programming method, taking into account the limiting conditions of the conditions in the enterprise.
When finding the optimal version of the production program by the above methods, the size units of
the manufactured products can be whole numbers or fractional numbers. If the number of products
produced in the enterprise is physically valid only if there is a whole number, then the quantity that is
being sought for the solution of the problem, that is, the amount of products produced on certain types
of machines, must also be a whole number.
CONCLUSIONS
In this case, the optimization problem of the production program becomes a problem of the integer
programming method. Such problems are solved using the first algorithm of "Gamory". The problem of
optimizing a production program can also be a problem of integer programming in other cases.
Thus, the research carried out in the third chapter made it possible to obtain the following results:
1. Development of a scheme for the formation of demand for production capacity in textile enterprises
for effective use of production capacity.
2. Development of a mechanism for controlling the use of production capacity using the hierarchies
method, choosing the Pareto efficiency of many alternatives in textile enterprises.
3. Improvement of the model of efficient use of production capacity, increase of labor productivity,
improvement of corporate spirit and corporate culture using lean production means - 5S system in
textile enterprises. To justify the effectiveness of introducing the "5S" organizational system (sorting,
keeping order, keeping clean, standardizing, improving) as an element of increasing process quality and
production culture in textile enterprises to manage the use of production capacity.
4. For effective use of production capacity in textile enterprises, studying the changing market
requirements and creating a production program based on the type of product creates the possibility
of effective use of production capacity.
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