Journal of Management and Economics
52
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TYPE
Original Research
PAGE NO.
52-55
OPEN ACCESS
SUBMITED
24 February 2025
ACCEPTED
20 March 2025
PUBLISHED
23 April 2025
VOLUME
Vol.05 Issue04 2025
COPYRIGHT
© 2025 Original content from this work may be used under the terms
of the creative commons attributes 4.0 License.
Improving Accounting
Data for Cost Analysis in
The Sustainable
Development of Recycling
Enterprises
Mamatkulov Akram Khalmurodovich
Associate Professor of the Department of Financial Analysis, Tashkent
State University of Economics, Uzbekistan
Abstract:
The article highlights the important principles
for improving accounting data for cost analysis in the
sustainable development of processing enterprises. It
also focuses on the main factors, costs, and develops
scientific conclusions and proposals based on them.
Keywords:
Costs, production technology, factor, result,
secondary
product,
economic
efficiency,
macroeconomic stability, global competition, strategic
issue.
Introduction:
Global processes in the countries of the
world are currently having their impact, and the
development of industries necessary for the
development of countries is becoming a strategic issue.
Therefore, all countries are paying attention to the
modern development of processing enterprises, taking
into account the available raw material resources.
Therefore, a strategic approach is required and is
relevant. This, in turn, directly affects the effective use
of costs of processing enterprises and their economic
efficiency.
The demand of the global economy is to use costs
effectively, create innovative products based on new
technologies at enterprises, expand their opportunities
for entering international markets, and achieve high
efficiency indicators. In this regard, it is worth noting
that in order to reduce the cost of products received by
the enterprise and achieve a positive final financial
result of its activities in terms of income, it is worth
paying attention to the priority aspects of improving
accounting data for cost analysis. In addition, one of the
main tasks of improving accounting information in
processing enterprises is to provide the management
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Journal of Management and Economics
system with real data for the sustainable development
of the enterprise. This data is important for developing
the necessary decisions and determining important
tasks to solve the problems that need to be solved for
the economic prosperity of enterprises.
Literature review
In the economic literature, several scientific views on
“accounting and analysis of costs and revenues”
have
been recognized by foreign and Uzbek economists, and
they are as follows:
In the studies of Russian scientists G.M. Lisovich and
I.Yu. Tkachenko, priority is given to modern production
accounting, monitoring of production costs, analyzing
the causes of excess costs and opportunities for their
reduction, and it is recommended to keep records of
costs by type and place of occurrence [1,9].
According to the views of Ye.B. Kozin and T.A. Kozina,
the place of cost occurrence is considered a separate
object of analytical accounting in management
accounting, in which the necessity of standardization,
planning, and summarizing accounting for the
purposes of observation, control, and management is
emphasized [2,10].
In the research of A.A. Karimov, I.K. Ochilov, and Z.U.
G‘aniev, it is recommended that "the main product
costs be reduced by the market value of by-products
or waste" [3,7].
A.Kh. Mamatqulov notes that “in the activities of
enterprises, costs arise during the formation of the
enterprise,
in
economic
operations,
in
the
implementation of production, in the sales process, as
well as under financial and emergency situations. Each
type of cost has its own characteristics, necessity,
place, purpose, and functions, and based on important
aspects and features of their occurrence, they are
categorized into types and groups” [4,7].
From the scientific views of the above-mentioned
economists, it becomes clear that particular attention
is drawn to the important priority aspects of improving
accounting data for cost analysis in the sustainable
development of processing enterprises.
METHODOLOGY
Observation, logical and abstract thinking, a systematic
approach, hypothesis formulation, and methodological
tools were utilized. Through observation, the
enterpris
e’s activity
-related expenses, revenues, and
profit indicators are studied, and their interconnection
is identified. Logical and abstract thinking is used to
explore the possibilities of achieving positive financial
outcomes by purposefully incurring expenses aimed at
expected revenue targets. A systematic approach helps
determine the purpose behind each expense and
outlines the ways to increase profits by shaping revenue
indicators. The hypothesis method focuses on ensuring
that the expected outcomes of the cost and revenue
analysis are positive.
These methods serve to purposefully manage expenses
in processing enterprises, ensuring that every expense
contributes effectively to the company's operations,
and helps assess the enterprise’s potential through
analytical review.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
It is important to identify the purpose and tasks
associated with expenses in processing enterprises and
to understand the outcomes these expenses are
expected to yield for the company. In other words,
every process
ing company’s production technology
requires specific types of expenditures.
In "Improving Accounting Information for Cost Analysis
in the Sustainable Development of Processing
Enterprises", we aim to focus on all types of expenses
within the operations of processing companies. These
include:
1.
Expenses during the supply process (pre-
processing expenses);
2.
Expenses during the production (processing)
process;
3.
Expenses during the sales process (post-
processing expenses).
Based on these three stages, the cost information for
analysis is presented in Table 1 below.
Table 1
Accounting data for cost analysis
№
Indicators
Monetary value (in soums)
I
Costs:
3060000000
1
Supply process
500000000
2
Production (processing) process:
2500000000
2.1 Material costs
1987000000
2.2 Labor costs
100000000
2.3 Single social payment
12000000
2.4 Depreciation of fixed assets and intangible assets
1000000
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2.5 Other miscellaneous expenses
400000000
3
Products obtained:
2500000000
3.1
Primary product A
2500000000
3.2
Secondary product B
?
3.3
Secondary product C
?
4
Sales process
60000000
5
Revenue:
4000000000
5.1
From the sale of primary product A
3000000000
5.2
From the sale of secondary product B
940000000
5.3
From the sale of secondary product C
60000000
6
Final financial result
940000000
We will now focus on the expenses associated with
each of the three processes outlined in Table 1 above.
It is evident that the cost of secondary products is
unknown, although they do generate revenue. In
economic literature, the concept of “cost accounting”
primarily emphasizes the expenses incurred during the
production process. These costs are typically used to
calculate the cost price of the main product only.
However, in processing enterprises, such cost
allocations do not fully capture the production cost of
every product resulting from operational activities.
These enterprises often generate additional products
alongside the main product as a result of processing
raw materials. These additional outputs
—
often
considered secondary products or even technological
waste
—
tend to be overlooked.
Therefore, attention must be paid to how the incurred
expenses are distributed across all resulting products.
It is crucial to determine how and to what extent each
product contributes to the overall cost structure. In
other words, correctly calculating the cost price of
each product, as well as determining the share of
revenue each contributes, and identifying which ones
yield profit or loss for the enterprise, are of vital
importance. This is the core of the problem.
Many enterprises allocate the majority of expenses to
the main (operational) product. However, the cost
distribution method for secondary products, and the
factors affecting such allocations, remain areas of
interest and concern [5]. These unresolved issues
cannot be ignored by enterprises seeking sustainable
financial practices.
Additionally, there are other types of expenses in the
enterprise that, while not directly linked to production,
still significantly impact operations. These include:
1.
Expenses
related
to
"organizing
the
enterprise’s production activities"
–
such as interest
expenses incurred after obtaining loans, attracting
investments, and raising financial resources.
2.
The “loss” expense
, representing the financial
outcome of the enterprise’s operations. These expenses
often reflect intangible indicators for processing
enterprises and require close attention.
CONCLUSION
Taking into account the key aspects of processing
enterprises highlighted above, the author draws the
following conclusions regarding the improvement of
methodological foundations for cost accounting and
analysis:
1.
In cost accounting and analysis, it is crucial to
consider all expenses and revenues associated with the
economic activity of the enterprise.
2.
Proper allocation of all operational costs to the
resulting products is a necessary condition for accurate
cost accounting and analysis.
As a result of these conclusions, the following
recommendations are proposed:
1.
Based on the specific characteristics of the
product manufacturing technology, it is important to
consider the interrelation between all costs and
revenues within the enterprise.
2.
When forming the accounting policy, it is
advisable to develop additional analytical sub-accounts.
3.
It is necessary to view the technological chain of
costs and revenues in close connection with the entire
structure of production. This should be done through
analyzing their impact on the net profit indicator.
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Mamatqulov, A. X. (2023). Improving Cost Calculation
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