MODERN EDUCATION AND DEVELOPMENT
Выпуск журнала №-23
Часть–3_ Апрель –2025
3
COMPETITIVENESS AND SPECIFIC FEATURES OF THE VEHICLES
AND SYSTEMS STUDIED AT THE NEW TESTING FIELD
Farmonova Sabina Xakim qizi, Jo’rayeva Sevara Olim qizi,
Raxmatova Jumagul Bosimbek qizi.
Jizzakh State Pedagogical University
Abstract. To create high-yielding short-stemmed varieties of winter wheat that
are resistant to diseases and environmental conditions and have high productivity
potential, it is necessary to study the source material on the basis of which new
breeding varieties can be created.
Relevance and necessity of the topic. Increasing the yield and quality of
cereal crops, in particular soft wheat, in strengthening the economy of our country
and ensuring food security is one of the most important tasks in the field of grain
production today.
The growing global demand for bread and bakery products is further
increasing the strategic importance of cereals, especially wheat. According to
forecasts of international organizations, the annual global grain production volume is
about 2 billion 450 million tons, of which 2 billion 194 million tons are cereals (wheat,
rye, barley, oats, triticale, rice, corn, sorghum, millet), and 256 million tons are
legumes.
After gaining independence, Uzbekistan significantly increased the volume of
grain production and today has become one of the countries exporting it. As a result
of systematic measures taken to increase grain productivity in agriculture, the republic
produced 6 million 124 thousand tons of wheat in 2018, and 8 million 377 thousand
tons in 2019.
Currently, wheat is grown in about 130 countries around the world. The
largest producers include the USA, Russia, Ukraine, France, Italy, Spain, Poland,
China, Syria, Iraq, Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan.
MODERN EDUCATION AND DEVELOPMENT
Выпуск журнала №-23
Часть–3_ Апрель –2025
4
Therefore, the creation of short-stemmed, non-lodging, disease and pest-
resistant, and high-yielding varieties of soft wheat is of great scientific and practical
importance.
The purpose of the research.
To create short-skinned, non-lodging, disease
and pest-resistant, and high-yielding varieties of soft winter wheat in the conditions
of irrigated lands of Uzbekistan, to scientifically substantiate their biological
properties and improve the seed production system.
Research objectives.
- Selectively study the varieties of soft wheat from the world collection of soft
wheat from different geographical regions according to their morphological,
biological and economically valuable characteristics.
- Selection of short-skinned soft wheat varieties with high-yielding, valuable
economic characteristics and quality indicators.
- Determination of the heredity-related aspects of the inheritance of yellow
rust resistance traits in long-distance geographic forms of soft wheat (F1-F2 hybrid
generations).
Research object.
The study used samples of wheat varieties obtained from
international scientific centers and a number of research institutes. In particular,
samples were selected from ICARDA (International Center for Agricultural Research
in Arid Regions), CIMMYT (International Maize and Wheat Research Center,
Mexico), Odessa Institute of Breeding and Genetics (Ukraine), Russian Research
Institute of Plant Science, Krasnodar Research Institute of Agriculture and I.G.
Kalinenko All-Russian Research Institute of Grain Crops.
Research methods.
Experiments conducted in the field and in laboratory
conditions were carried out according to the accepted methodology. Observations,
calculations and analyses were carried out based on the manual of the Research
Institute of Plant Science (1984) and “Methods of conducting field experiments”
(UzPITI, 2007). The accuracy and reliability of the data obtained were determined by
B.A. The mathematical and statistical analysis method developed by Dospekhov
(1985) and Microsoft Excel software were used to examine the data.
MODERN EDUCATION AND DEVELOPMENT
Выпуск журнала №-23
Часть–3_ Апрель –2025
5
Research results.
In the control plot, some of the 130 soft wheat varieties
were early maturing, and 83 were distinguished by their resistance to yellow rust. In
particular, high yields and disease resistance were noted for varieties No. 36/2018,
No. 22/2018, No. 71/2018, No. 67/2018 and No. 91/2018.
In competitive variety tests, the Semurug variety and varieties KP No.
183/2017, KP No. 52/2017, KP No. 83/2018, KP No. 85/2017, KP No. 125/2017, KP
No. 184/2017 had high yields and high adaptability to drought, heat and diseases.
As a result of scientific research conducted at the competitive variety testing
site:
- The average weight of 1000 grains was 44.1 g, and the grain volume was
813.5 g/l.
- For the control variety "Zamin-1", these indicators were 41.2 g and 802.1
g/l, respectively.
- For the Istiklol-20 variety, this indicator was 46.2 g, and for the Semurug
variety, it was 54.6 g.
- The following ridges showed high results: KP No. 183/2017 (47.4 g), No.
158/2014 (48.5 g), No. 29/2017 (44.8 g), KP No. 83/2017 (48.5 g), KP No. 85/2017
(48.2 g), KP No. 153/2017 (47.7 g), KP No. 184/2017 (48.2 g).
In the competitive variety test area, the grain density of wheat ranged from
777.1 g/l to 836.6 g/l, and the following varieties achieved the highest results:
- KP No. 183/2017 – 836.6 g/l
- KP No. 83/2016 – 836.2 g/l
- KP No. 52/2017 – 836.6 g/l
- KP No. 184/2017 – 833.5 g/l
These ranges recorded significantly higher indicators compared to the control
variety "Zamin-1" (802.1 g/l).
When analyzing the valuable economic characteristics of soft wheat varieties
and lines studied in the competitive variety testing area, it was found that the control
variety “Zamin-1” had a grain weight of 41.2 grams per 1000 grains, a grain volume
of 802.1 g/l, and a yield of 53.0 t/ha. At the same time, other varieties were also
MODERN EDUCATION AND DEVELOPMENT
Выпуск журнала №-23
Часть–3_ Апрель –2025
6
studied and their efficiency indicators were evaluated. For example, the grain weight
of the “Krasnodar-99” variety was 36.0 grams per 1000 grains, a grain volume of
801.5 g/l, and a yield of 46.0 t/ha. In the “Durdona” variety, these indicators were
36.3 grams, 821.3 g/l, and 47.3 t/ha, respectively.
Among other varieties, the 1000-grain weight of the “Istiklol-20” variety was
46.2 grams, the grain volume was 795.7 g/l, and the yield was 54.7 t/ha, while the
“Semurug” variety had these indicators of 54.6 grams, 797.4 g/l, and 60.4 t/ha,
respectively. Also, the KP-183/2017 variety had high results with a 1000-grain weight
of 47.4 grams, a grain volume of 836.6 g/l, and a yield of 67.4 t/ha.
In the No. 158/2014 ridges, the weight of 1000 grains was 48.5 grams, the
grain volume was 817.9 g/l, and the yield was 55.2 t/ha, while in the No. 219/2014
ridges, the weight of 1000 grains was 43.4 grams, 820.1 g/l, and 57.0 t/ha,
respectively. In the No. 29/2016 ridges, the weight of 1000 grains was 44.8 grams,
the grain volume was 829.4 g/l, and the yield was 60.3 t/ha.
In addition, in the No. 83/2016 ridge, the weight was 43.9 grams, 836.2 g/l,
and 51.2 t/ha; in the KP-52/2017 ridge, the weight was 43.9 grams, 836.6 g/l, and 63.1
t/ha; The results of the KP-83/2017 range were 48.5 grams, 832.3 g/l and 60.1 ts/ha;
the KP-84/2017 range was 43.4 grams, 822.4 g/l and 49.2 ts/ha; the KP-85/2017 range
was 48.2 grams, 810.7 g/l and 63.9 ts/ha; the KP-125/2017 range was 39.5 grams,
777.4 g/l and 57.8 ts/ha; the KP-153/2017 range was 47.7 grams, 819.1 g/l and 54.4
ts/ha; and the KP-184/2017 range was 48.2 grams, 833.5 g/l and 67.8 ts/ha.
In general, according to the results of this study conducted under irrigated
conditions, the yield by variety and ridge varied from 46.0 to 67.8 t/ha, with an
average yield of 56.1 t/ha. Compared to the control variety “Zamin-1”, some varieties
and ridges showed higher yields from 4.8 to 14.8 t/ha. In particular, ridges KP-
183/2017, KP-52/2017, KP-85/2017 and KP-184/2017 were found to have higher
yields.
LIST OF REFERENCES USED
1.
Berdikulov Khudoyshukur Keldiyorovich, Negmatova Surayyo Teshaevna,
Normat Durdiev Khasanovich, & Artikova Lola Soatovna. (2024). THE
MODERN EDUCATION AND DEVELOPMENT
Выпуск журнала №-23
Часть–3_ Апрель –2025
7
SIGNIFICANCE OF BIO-STIMULATORS IN NON-TRADITIONAL CROP
GROWING. The Bioscan, 19(Special Issue-1), 356–360.
2.
Keldiyorovich, B. K. (2024). THE EFFECT OF STIMULANTS ON
CROTALARIA
HAY
YIELD
AND
QUALITY
INDICATORS. Cotton
Science, 4(1).
3.
Бердиқулов, Х. К., Ортиқова, Л. С., & Негматова, С. Т. (2024).
КРОТАЛАРИЯ КЎК МАССА ҲОСИЛИГА БИОСТИМУЛЯТОРЛАРНИНГ
ТАЪСИРИ. Science and innovation, 3(Special Issue 21), 93-97.
4.
Keldiyorovich, B. X. (2023). Species of the Genus Crotalaria L. and Their
Biological Significance. Web of Agriculture: Journal of Agriculture and Biological
Sciences, 1(4), 1-7.
5.
Keldiyorovich, B. X., & Khushnazarova, N. D. (2023). BIOGEN
STIMULATORS DESCRIPTION AND CLASSIFICATION, TECHNOLOGY.
6.
Keldiyorovich, B. K., & Khushnazarova, N. D. BIOLOGY ECOLOGY AND
ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE OF CROTALARIA JUNCEA.
7.
Keldiyorovich, B. K. (2024). THE EFFECT OF STIMULANTS ON
CROTALARIA
HAY
YIELD
AND
QUALITY
INDICATORS.
Cotton
Science
,
4
(1).
8.
Бердиқулов, Х. К., Ортиқова, Л. С., & Негматова, С. Т. (2024).
КРОТАЛАРИЯ КЎК МАССА ҲОСИЛИГА БИОСТИМУЛЯТОРЛАРНИНГ
ТАЪСИРИ.
Science and innovation
,
3
(Special Issue 21), 93-97.
9.
Keldiyorovich, B. X. (2023). Species of the Genus Crotalaria L. and Their
Biological Significance.
Web of Agriculture: Journal of Agriculture and Biological
Sciences
,
1
(4), 1-7.
