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THE ROLE OF LIVER NUCELLAR APPARATUS IN REPARATIVE
LIVER REGENERATION.
Isayeva Nilufar Zubidullayevna
Phd, Senior Lecturer, Alfraganus University, Department of Medicine
Alfraganus University
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14900213
Objective of the study.
To evaluate morphologic and morphometric
aspects of the nuclear apparatus of hepatocytes in experimental toxic hepatitis.
Materials and Methods.
The liver of white mongrel sexually mature rats
of both sexes weighing 180-200 g, in an amount of 24 pieces served as the
material of the study. Animals were subjected to modeling of heliotrin toxic
hepatitis, which during 2 months, once a week intraperitoneally injected 1%
heliotrin solution at a dose of 5 mg of heliotrin per 100 g of rat weight, according
to the scheme of H.Y.Karimov (1979). During the experiment 3 animals died. The
liver of white rats was studied in normal and toxic hepatitis
.
The prepared
sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin and histochemical reactions were
performed to detect RNA by Brasch and DNA by Völgen. Prepared
microparameters were viewed with a microscope of SARL Zeiss Microcopy
GmbH and photographed with an Axio Lab camera. A1 (Germany).
Morphometric studies were performed according to the method of Avtandilov
(1990) and processed in Axiovision program (Russia, Far East). To perform
statistical analysis of the data obtained during the study, a database containing
several indicators was created in the Microsoft Office Excel 2013 program in
order to apply the methods of variation statistics.
Results and discussion.
Without going into the morphological picture of
toxic hepatitis induced by heliotrin administration in detail (they are described
in numerous studies), we note that on the 60th day we obtained a picture of
toxic hepatitis. In general, the structural elements of the liver parenchyma,
namely hepatic laminae and sinusoidal capillaries are preserved, but they are
significantly altered. Diffuse fatty infiltration in the form of medium- and small-
drop infiltration of hepatocytes with some topographic variations is noted.
Foci
of necrosis vary from small focal areas to large extensive areas. Obviously,
necrosis begins with damage to the cell by a pathogenic factor, and the
pathologically altered cell becomes a target for interaction with lymphocytes. It
is not possible to differentiate these cells when staining with hematoxylin-eosin.
However, taking into account the shapes of the nuclei of the populated cells, it
can be assumed that they may be fibroblasts, macrophages, Kupffer cells, in
general mononuclear cells. Larger areas of necrosis were localized around the
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central vein. The borders of the focus are vague, the center of the focus is
replaced by infiltrate cells, while on the periphery of the focus dying cells
alternate with less changed cells.
Thus, in heliotrin-induced liver damage develops toxic hepatitis,
characteristic signs of which are fatty degeneration and necrosis of the
parenchyma, expressed in varying degrees, from focal to extensive, localized
mainly in the second or third zone of the acinus. Our main interest is the
question: what is the reaction of nuclei to the introduction of a toxic
substance and whether its migration occurs in such pathology. A careful
analysis of the state of nuclei and cytoplasm of hepatocytes has shown that
in these cases, too, HCNM escape from the nucleus into the cytoplasm of the
hepatocyte [1, 2, 3]. Along with necrosis, numerous nuclei at the stage of exit
from the nucleus are found in well-preserved hepatocytes.
Sometimes there were HCNs freely located in the cytoplasm of the
hepatocyte. Cytologic analysis of the state of hepatocyte nuclei showed that
under pathologic conditions there is also migration of the nucleus from the
nucleus into the cytoplasm of the cell. At high microscope magnifications,
necrosis of hepatocytes and exit of HCN into the cytoplasm can be clearly
traced. Morphometric indices of rat liver at experimental toxic hepatitis and its
correction showed the following changes: the number of mononuclear
hepatocytes decreased due to the increase of dinuclear cells compared to intact
animals in control and experimental groups. The number of dinuclear cells
increased by 3.0 times, which indicates the strengthening of regeneration
processes in the liver, the peak of the increase of dinuclear cells came on the 3rd
and 7th day. The number of nuclei decreased on the 3rd and 7th days, which
may be associated with extrusion of its fragments exactly on these days. The
diameter of hepatocytes in dynamics increased in comparison with intact ones
in control and experimental groups. Its peak occurred on the 5th day. The
increase in the diameter of dinuclear cells sharply increased in control animals
in comparison with intact animals and in other experimental groups, especially
on the 5th and 7th day. The diameter of the nuclei of mononuclear and dinuclear
hepatocytes increased 2-fold compared to intact animals and 1.5-fold compared
to control animals. The peak of their increase was on the 5th day, which is
probably due to polyploidization, which is also a sign of regeneration, in this
case reparative regeneration. The area of nuclei increased on the 3rd day,
probably due to swelling before the release of its fragments, on the remaining
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days their area slightly decreased, but was larger compared to the intact and
control groups.
Conclusions.
Thus, as our experimental studies show long-term
administration of heliotrin causes toxic hepatitis, the main manifestations of
which are fatty dystrophy and necrosis of hepatocytes. In pathologically altered
liver, migration of the granular apparatus of the nucleus from the nucleus to the
cytoplasm also occurs. The exit of the granular component of the nucleus
coincides with an increase in the methotic activity of cells, which eventually
leads to an increase in reparative regeneration.
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In Some Mammalian Species //Solid State Technology. – 2020. – Т. 63. – №. 6. –
С. 15275-15283..
2. Sadriddinov, Asomidin, et al. "The Wonderful Multifunctional Nucleolus of
Hepatic Cell." Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 3 (2015): 268-277.
3. Fayazovich S. A. et al. Morphological aspects of natural death for hepatic cells
//European journal of biomedical and life sciences. – 2015. – №. 2. – С. 69-75.
4. Исаева Н. З., Мухамеджанов А. Х. Сравнительный анализ ядерного
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