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THE STUDY OF THE PSYCHOLOGICAL IMPACT OF MOTIVES AND
MOTIVATION ON HUMAN LIFE BY EASTERN THINKERS
Urazbayeva Yulduz Abdullayevna
Senior Lecturer, Department of Psychology and Sports, Faculty of Psychology,
Medicine and Sports, Mamun University
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15302608
Annotation
. This article reveals the impact of motivation and motivation
issues on human life and the study of this impact by various scientists. In
particular, Eastern thinkers have considered the positive and negative effects of
motivation on the younger generation.
Keywords
. Motive, motivation, morality, need, reason, education, character.
Introduction
.
Today, special attention is paid to education in our country. In the
educational system of developed countries, motivation plays an important role
in the educational process in the training of young specialists. The issue of
introducing innovative methods into the educational process in accordance with
the program "To significantly improve the quality and effectiveness of education
in the world, to identify the importance of individual psychological
characteristics of students in the educational process, and to provide them with
training in highly rated universities for successful education", reflected in the
rules of the Bologna Declaration, is of great importance.
The concepts of motive and motivation play an important role in the
development of a person. Motive is considered as a business impulse or need
that encourages a person to take some action. This need causes a person to act
to satisfy his psychological and social needs. Motivation is the general process of
a person's actions to achieve a goal. Eastern thinkers considered the role of the
family and family education to be fundamental in the upbringing and
development of a child. In particular, they paid special attention to the
exemplary aspects of the family, parents, and close people in the mental and
moral formation of a person. They valued above all other qualities such as
honesty, purity, courage, compromise, modesty, prudence, kindness, and justice,
which could be formed under the influence of family traditions. Valuable ideas
and practical examples of the high virtues manifested in human relationships,
primarily their transmission from parents to children and their positive impact
on the development of society, are reflected in the philosophical, mature, and
social views of Eastern thinkers [1].
The works of the encyclopedist Abu Raykhan Beruni, such as "Minerology",
"Geodesy", "Understanding the Art of Astrology", "India", "Monuments of
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Ancient Peoples", and "Saidana", contain valuable ideas and reflections on the
issues of pedagogy and psychology. He defined the human person, his perfection,
character, intelligence, patience and humility, beauty and taste, purity and
enthusiasm as the intellectual qualities of the human spirit. He writes: “A person
is obliged to unite with his relatives in society, the purpose of which is to
support and encourage each other and to perform tasks to provide for himself
and others” [2].
The scientist thus promotes the ideas of strengthening the traditions of
kinship, the unity of future generations, compassion and harmony for each
other, living in peace, helping each other in difficult times, and sharing in joyful
times. "A person is able to control his passions and change them. He is able to
educate his soul and div, transform negative aspects into praiseworthy things,
treat it with behavioral medicine, and gradually eliminate the vices with the
methods shown in books on morality.
Beruniy's deep knowledge of the human psyche, thanks to which he
overcomes any difficulties with the power of his will, shows that he has the
power to change the shortcomings of his character with the help of advice and
methods given in books on morality. One of the important aspects of the
scholar's psychological teachings is that he firmly believes that nobility is not
just a psychological trait in human character, but rather arises as a result of the
actions and good deeds of a given individual. The final chapters of "India" are a
reflection on the understanding and worldview of the 11th-century Indian
people, and the religious ceremonies, rituals, and customs of the Indians of that
era, such as marriage, fasting, festivals, and great holidays.
In his work "Monuments of Ancient Peoples", he spoke about the famous
days, Eid and other holidays celebrated by Muslims, and expressed valuable
thoughts about their impact on the human psyche. In his works, Beruni paid
special attention to the role of science in solving any riddle. His scientific ideas,
including his pedagogical and psychological views on morality, are still of great
importance today [3]. In his work "The Laws of Medicine", Ibn Sino writes about
the upbringing of a child's character: "Special attention should be paid to the
formation of good moral character, which is achieved by protecting the child
from excessive anger, excessive fear, sadness and insomnia. One should always
be ready to give the child what he wants immediately and to withhold what he
finds unpleasant. This benefits both sides. First, it benefits the child's soul, and
the child grows up to be happy from a young age, and this quality later becomes
a permanent habit for him. The second is the div, because bad behavior comes
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from a bad client, that is, if bad behavior becomes a habit, it creates a
corresponding bad client.
For example: anger greatly heats the div, sadness greatly dries it,
resistance extinguishes spiritual strength and makes the client prone to phlegm.
As a result of suppressing and restraining behavior, health of the soul and div
is achieved at the same time” [4].
Even today, the scientist's philosophical views have not lost their value in
our social life. The scientist's thoughts on human education and temperament
are of great importance and have made a significant contribution to the ethics of
human relations. His numerous works on philosophy, logic, psychology, political
and social sciences, which have been left to us, can serve as a guide for scientists.
The great thinker and poet of the 11th century, Yusuf Khos Hajib, in his
work "Kutadgu Bilig" expresses his views on ethics and life. Yusuf Khos Hajib
knew the lifestyle, customs and traditions of the peoples of the East well.
For this reason, he is very interested in the customs, etiquette, and morals
of these peoples, emphasizing that it is the duty of men to respect their elders,
and that respecting them is a sign of humanity and dignity for all. He believes
that man was created by God, and that the birth of a person and the kind of
person he will become in the future depend on his ancestors and lineage, the
activities he engages in in life, and his attitude towards the environment, saying:
“Whoever’s lineage is pure from his father, good and many benefits will come to
the people from him” [5]. In conclusion, it can be said that motivation issues are
of great importance in the human psyche and its development. We can see that
this issue is reflected not only today, but also in the views of medieval Eastern
scholars.
References:
1. Norkulova N.T. Affiliation motive - a socio-psychological factor shaping the
spiritual image of students. Dissertation written for the degree of Candidate of
Psychology. Tashkent - 2016. - 350 p.
2. Abu Raykhan Beruniy. Wisdom. (Collector A. Irisov). - Tashkent: A. Qodiriy
Publishing House, 1973. - 103 p.
3. Abu Raykhan Beruniy. Feruza (Narratives and stories about jewels). -
Tashkent: A. Qodiriy Publishing House, 1993. - 96 p.
4. Abu Ali Ibn Sino. Medical canons. Volume 2. (Compiled by U. Karimov).. . –
Tashkent: A. Kadiriy Publishing House of the National Heritage, 1992. – 304 p.
5. Yusuf Khos Hajib’s “Kutadgu bilig” (“Knowledge leading to happiness”), 2008,
p. 82.
