ORIENTAL STUDIES / SHARQSHUNOSLIK /
ВОСТОКОВЕДЕНИЕ
2017,
№
4
60
MAKHMUDOVA NOZIMA
Researcher
, TSIOS
Problems of young generation education
in the stories of Bi Shumin
Abstract.
The article is devoted to the analysis of the works of one of
the greatest Chinese
writers of the XXI century
−
Bi Shumin. The basis of Bi Shumin's works is the problems of every
society. In the article the author analyzed the stories of Bi Shumin “Even the dog has a purpose
in life" and "Positive qualities
−
0". They refer to didactic stories, the purpose of which is to
show exemplary behavior for the youth, aimlessly wasting their lives.
Keywords and expressions:
modern Chinese literature, short stories, Bi Shumin,
"Even the dog has a purpose in life", "Positive qualities
−
0",
problems of young genera-
tion education.
Аннотация
.
Мақола
XXI
асрнинг
энг
машҳур
хитой
ёзувчиларидан
бири
Би
Шумин
асарларининг
таҳлилига
бағишланган
.
Би
Шумин
асарларининг
асоси
бу
ҳар
жамиятда
учрайдиган
муаммолардир
.
Мақолада
муаллиф
Би
Шумин
“
Кучукча
ҳам
бемақсад
эмас
”
ва
“
Яхши
хислат
– 0”
ҳикояларини
таҳлил
қилган
.
Улар
ҳозирги
кунда
мақсадсиз
умрларини
зое
кетказаётган
ёшларга
ўрнак
бўлувчи
дидактик
ҳикоялар
сирасига
киради
..
Таянч
сўз
ва
иборалар
:
замонавий
хитой
адабиёти
,
кичик
ҳажмдаги
ҳикоялар
,
Би
Шумин
, “
Ҳатто
кучукча
ҳам
бемақсад
эмас
”, “
Яхши
хислат
– 0”,
ёш
авлод
тарбиясидаги
муаммолар
.
Аннотация
.
Статья
посвящена
анализу
работ
одного
из
величайших
китайских
писателей
XXI
века
−
Би
Шумина
.
Основой
работ
Би
Шумина
являются
проблемы
каждого
общества
.
В
статье
автор
проанализировал
рассказы
Би
Шумина
«
Даже
у
со
-
баки
есть
цель
в
жизни
»
и
«
Позитивные
качества
−
0».
Они
относятся
к
дидактичес
-
ким
рассказам
,
цель
которых
−
показать
образцовое
поведение
для
молодежи
.
Опорные
слова
и
выражения
:
современная
китайская
литература
,
короткие
рассказы
,
Би
Шумин
, «
Даже
у
собаки
есть
цель
в
жизни
», «
Позитивные
качества
−
0»,
проблемы
воспитания
молодого
поколения
.
Today the study of Chinese literature deserves special attention in Uzbekistan.
Works on different times are translated into the Uzbek language, researched by young
scientists. One of such researches is the study of creativity of the Chinese writer Bi
Shumin, who made a great contribution to the development of Chinese literature.
Bi Shumin is one of the most unusual and powerful female writers in China's
current literature scene. She has created very influential works, writing almost
4 million words and has won more than 30 prizes both in native land and abroad
since the late 1980s
1
.
Amazingly, she was able to move from medicine when she created her first
works in 1987, she was already 35 years old. She joined the army when she was
1
http://www.womenofchina.cn
ORIENTAL STUDIES / SHARQSHUNOSLIK /
ВОСТОКОВЕДЕНИЕ
2017,
№
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61
16 and practiced medicine for 22 years. She is much like writers Lu Xun and Guo
Moruo, who also gave up medical science for the pen.
Bi Shumin, a writer and psychologist, never stops exploring the world around
her. She has been a soldier and a doctor, and she has been to 70 countries. Her
experiences have become sources of inspiration for her writing. Her writing is
plain and precise. Through her careful selection of words, Bi both reveals her
sympathy for people in need and her thoughts are about human nature.
The writer on her creative path managed to get fond of many world lovers of
books with her high literary talent and artistic exposition, with elegant aesthetic
views. Bi is one of the country's most influential female writers. As a physician-
turned-writer, Bi's uncommon life experiences have endowed her with unique
perspectives
−
as both a writer and a doctor.
She has been called the “white angel in literature” by Wang Meng, former Minister
of Culture and former vice-president of the Chinese Writers' Association
1
.
Bi Shumin's uncommon life experiences have given her works distinctive
characteristics and endowed her with perspectives both as a writer and as a doctor.
She also possesses unique insights that can grasp both mental and physical essen-
ce, courage, broad mindedness and merciful sentiments that are difficult for many
writers, and a mission and responsibility that regards it as her own duty to heal the
wounded and rescue the dead while curing sickness to save patients.
The basis of Bi Shumin's works is the problems of every society. Her stories
“Even the dog has a purpose in life” («
每一只小狗都有一个目标
»)
and “Positive
qualities – 0” («
优点零
»)
, are dedicated to the meaning of a person's life, his aspi-
rations, refer to didactic stories, the goals of which are to show exemplary beha-
vior for young people aimlessly spending their lives.
On the other hand, this is a significant problem, which today worries many. What
could be worse than an aimless, hopeless, insecure future generation growing up?
The story “Positive qualities
−
0” («
优点零
»)
describes the story of a child
psychologist who conducted a questionnaire with children, which was dumbfoun-
ded by the result, according to which it was found that the children felt that they
had no positive qualities and no hopes for the future. But, if we consider this
situation deeper, it becomes clear that we face a very acute problem.
This story requires the reader to take a more serious approach to his future. Is
the absence of any interests or abilities in children the reason that they consider
themselves to be not having positive qualities?
«
我对世上是否存在没有优点的成人，不敢妄说。但我确知世上绝无没有
优点的孩子。我或许相信世上有丧失愿望的老人，但我无法想象没有愿望的
孩子，将有怎么枯萎的眼神？
»
2
.
1
Women of China //
−
Beijing, 2014, April.
2
毕淑敏。心灵处方。–
北京，
2006
。–
109
页。
ORIENTAL STUDIES / SHARQSHUNOSLIK /
ВОСТОКОВЕДЕНИЕ
2017,
№
4
62
“There exist or not adults in this world who do not have positive qualities, I
will not discuss this. But I know for sure that children who do not have them are
not exactly. Probably, I believe that in this world there are elderly people who
have lost hope, but I can’t imagine children who do not have dreams and hopes.
What a glimpse of the future?”
1
The story “Positive qualities – 0” («
优点零
»)
is set out in the form of a
conversation between the writer and her friend the child psychologist. A friend
shares his astonishing results from the questionnaire.
«
一位做儿童心理研究的朋友告诉我，他给孩子们一张表，让每人填写自
己的优缺点和美好的愿望。孩子们很认真地填好了，把表交上来。他一看，
登时傻了眼
»
2
.
“A friend of mine, a child psychologist, told me a story about a questionnaire
that he conducted among children, in which each child had to write about his
positive and negative qualities, and tell about his beautiful dreams. The children
approached this question thoroughly and handed in the completed questionnaires.
A friend reading the questionnaire was taken aback. So many children wrote
“Positive qualities
−
0”, “Beautiful dreams – 0”.
Such a result would amaze anyone. The writer in this story tries to find the reason.
«
不知道愿望和优点这两样对人激励大的要素，假苦排出丧失的顺序，孰先
孰后？是因为丧失了愿望，百无聊懒，才随之沉没，成为没有优点的少年？
»
3
.
“I do not know if you put these two qualities
−
hopes, dreams or positive
qualities
−
in terms of the importance of losing the exaltation of the spirit, which
one to put first and which after it. They turned into teenagers who do not have
positive qualities because of the loss of hopes, interests and buried abilities?”
The story “Even the dog has a purpose in life” («
每一只小狗都有一个目标
»)
continues the above thought. It tells about one American family. Parents who
bought a dog for their children instruct her to train with their friend. He asks the
purpose of dog training. The hosts, who did not think that the dog training should
have a goal, conferring, come to the same decision: in the afternoon the dog
should play with the children, and at night
−
guard the house. As a result, the dog
after the assimilation of the necessary exercises has become a close friend for
children and the owner's property guard.
The moral of this story is that every person should have a goal in life and on the
way to achieve it one must live without self-interest, based on faith, hope, honest work.
«
在现实生活中，却有太多太多的人，没有目标。其实寻找目标并不是一件
太难的事，关键是你要知道天下有这样一件惟此惟大的事，然后尽早来做。正
是你自己你需要一个目标而不是你的父母或是你的老师或是你的上级需要它。
1
This and the following translations from Chinese into English, translated by the author.
2
毕淑敏。心灵处方。–
北京，
2006
。–
109
页。
3
毕淑敏。心灵处方。–
北京，
2006
。–
109
页。
ORIENTAL STUDIES / SHARQSHUNOSLIK /
ВОСТОКОВЕДЕНИЕ
2017,
№
4
63
它的存在，和别人的关系都没有和你的关系那样密切。也就是说，它将是你最
爱情的伙伴其血肉的相连程度，绝对超过了你和你的父母，你和你的妻子儿女
，你和你的同伴和领导的关系。你可能丧失了所有的财产和所有的情人，当只
要你的目标还在，你就还有一个完整的系统存在，你就并不孤单和无望
»
1
.
“In fact, there are a lot of aimless people in life. In general, it is not so
difficult to determine such people. The key to this is the only task of your life. Let's
look into this in more detail. The goal of your life should not be the requests of
your parents or teachers, or your leader, namely your needs. They are not related
to other people, but only to your loved ones. Your goal is your closest, most belo-
ved companion of life”
.
In the story there is talk about the ability to separate the true goal from
immediate desires and about worthy striving for the goal, that while there is a goal
in life, a person will always have hope, he will always find the strength to struggle
with difficulties in life.
«
我们常常把别人的期待当成了自己的目标，在孩童的时候，这几乎是顺利
成章的事情。但是，你会浙浙地长大，无论别人的期望是怎样美好，它也不属
于你。除非你有一天，你成功地在自己的心底移植了这个期望，这个期望生根
发芽，长成了你目标。那是，尽管所有的枝叶都和原本的木本一脉相承，但其
实它已面目全非，它的灵魂完完全全只属于你，它被你的血脉所濡养
»
2
.
“
Indeed, the goal
−
the closest, penetrated into the blood companion. Its
proximity is greater than the proximity between you and your parents, you and
your spouse. You can lose all your property, all your loved ones, only your goal of
life will always be with you. Inside you there is a system of values. Therefore, you
will never be alone and hopeless
”
.
Bi Shumin argues that the basis of the goal is hope. If you look at hope as a
young sprout, then after it stretches, it will release the leaves, it turns into a solid
goal. However, sometimes we confuse the goal with self-interest. Some consider
their goal to be a great salary or to be the most beautiful, or most famous. But it's
just a desire. A person must understand his true purpose of life.
«
过一阵子流行美丽，你就把制造美丽保存美丽当成了目标。殊不知美丽
的标准有所不同，美丽是可以变化的，目标却是相当恒定的。美丽之后还要
做什么？美丽会褪色，目标却永远鲜艳
»
3
.
“Your goal is to be beautiful and keep this beauty. You do not even think that
beauty is evaluated in different ways and can change. But the goal of life is based
on constancy. What will you do when you get beauty? Beauty can lose its colors,
but the goal is always bright”
.
1
毕淑梅。心灵处方。- 北京
，
2006.- 31
页
。
2
毕淑敏。心灵处方。–
北京，
2006
。–
32
页。
3
毕淑敏。心灵处方。–
北京，
2006
。–
32
页。
ORIENTAL STUDIES / SHARQSHUNOSLIK /
ВОСТОКОВЕДЕНИЕ
2017,
№
4
64
«
一株树的目标也许是雕成大厦的栋梁，也许是撑起一把绿伞送人阴凉，
也许是化做无数张白纸传递知识，也许是制成一次性筷子让人大快朵颐
……
还有数不清的可能，我们不是树，我们不可能穷尽也不可能明白树的心思。
我们是人，我们可以为自己确立一个目标，这是做人的本分之一
»
1
.
“
The goal of a tree may be carved into the pillars of the building, perhaps
propped up a green umbrella to give the shade, perhaps to do countless sheets of
white pass the knowledge, perhaps made of disposable chopsticks makes people
blitz ...... we are not a tree because of unclear possibilities. We can’t possibly do
anything but understand the tree's mind. We are human beings, and we can set a
goal for ourselves, which is one of our duties”.
There is no doubt about the correctness of the point of view of the writer.
Beauty, wealth, office, fame is everything that passes. And our true goal in this
life is a good name and deeds that leave a mark on history.
«
优点和愿望，是孩子们的双眼与双腿。希望有一天看到他们填写的表格
上这样写着
--
优点多多，愿望无限
»
2
。
“Advantages and desires are the children's eyes and legs. Hopefully, one day I
see the form they fill in writing like this
−
a lot of good, infinite desire”
.
Deep statements Bi Shumin is a sample for each of us. The acuteness of her
pen, the purity of her thinking, the influence of her creativity is proof of her talent.
1
毕淑敏。心灵处方。–
北京，
2006
。–
32
页。
2
毕淑敏。心灵处方。–
北京，
2006
。–
109
页。
