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THE ROLE OF A NURSE IN FORMING ADHERENCE TO THERAPY IN CHILDREN
WITH BRONCHIAL ASTHMA
Toirova N.N.
Tashkent Pediatric Medical Institute, Republic Uzbekistan, Tashkent
Introduction.
Bronchial asthma (BA) is a pressing health problem. There are more than
350 million BA patients in the world, of which 5-10% are children. The main goal of therapy is to
achieve control and management of BA, which depends, among other things, on adherence to
therapy.
Objective.
To assess the degree of adherence to asthma treatment, the role of the nurse in
its formation, to identify “blank spots” in informing patients about asthma and the nuances of its
treatment.
Materials and methods
.
A survey of 53 parents of children with bronchial asthma and
patients with bronchial asthma over 10 years of age who were undergoing treatment was
conducted. The age of the surveyed children ranged from 4 to 17 years. Boys accounted for 67.9%
(n = 36), girls — 32.1% (n = 17). The age of the surveyed parents ranged from 31 to 50 years.
Parents with higher education accounted for 75.5% (n = 40), with secondary vocational education
— 18.8% (n = 10), with primary secondary education — 5.7% (n = 3). Patients with severe
bronchial asthma accounted for 7%, with moderate bronchial asthma — 37%, with mild bronchial
asthma — 56%.
Results and discussion.
100% of respondents receive the prescribed basic therapy, but only
81.1% (n = 43) take the medications daily. Only 58.5% (n = 31) believe that they know how to
use emergency medications. At the same time, 18.9% (n = 10) do not understand the difference
between emergency and basic therapy. 13.2% (n = 7) of patients will stop taking basic medications
after 1-3 months if they cannot see a doctor. 71.6% of patients (n = 38) were trained in the rules
of using a nebulizer, 56.6% (n = 30) in the use of individual inhalers (MAI, etc.), 59% (n = 31) in
peak flowmetry. Only 68.2% of patients (n = 36) count doses in devices without a dose counter,
and 84.9% (n = 45) adhere to the intervals between inhalations. Only 35.8% (n = 19) regularly
replace the filter in the nebulizer, and 22.6% (n = 12) replace the nebulizer cup. It is worth noting
that only 5.7% (n = 3) of patients change the filter and nebulizer cup. Sanitary treatment of the
nebulizer and/or spacer is correctly performed by 60.4% (n = 32).
Conclusion
.
The conducted study demonstrates high readiness of patients with bronchial
asthma and their parents to conduct basic therapy. Based on the survey results, it is advisable to
train patients by nurses who are directly involved in inhalation therapy for patients undergoing
inpatient treatment.
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BOLALARNI GRIPGA QARSHI EMLASH SAVOLLARI VA COVID-19
PANDEMIKASI DAVRIDAGI O'SMIRLAR
Toirova N.N.
Toshkent рediatriya tibbiyot institute, O‘zbekiston Respublikasi, Toshkent
Dolzarbligi.
O'tkir respirator virusli kasalliklar orasida gripp klinik ko'rinishlari,
asoratlarning chastotasi va salbiy oqibatlarga olib kelishi bo'yicha eng og'ir infektsiya hisoblanadi.
COVID-19 pandemiyasi davrida nafas yoʻllarining gripp viruslari va SARS-CoV-2 bilan bir
vaqtda yuqishi kasallikning yanada ogʻir kechishiga olib kelishi va asoratlar xavfini oshirishi
mumkin.
Maqsadi.
Bolalar klinikasi shifokorlari, o'smirlar va bolalar klinikasi bemorlarining
otaonalari o'rtasida grippga qarshi emlash bo'yicha xabardorlik va majburiyat darajasini baholash.
Material va uslublari.
2022-yilda
ToshPTI klinika shifokorlari (30 kishi), o‘smirlar (30
kishi) va bolalar poliklinikasi bemorlarining ota-onalari (100 kishi) o‘rtasida o‘tkazilgan so‘rov
tahlili o‘tkazildi.
Natijalar va muhokamasi.
O‘rganish natijalariga ko‘ra, pediatrlar orasida grippga qarshi
emlashning O‘zbekiston Milliy profilaktik emlashlar taqvimiga kiritilishi to‘g‘risida xabardorlik
darajasi.
Klinikalar o'rtasida xabardorlik darajasi 97% ni tashkil etdi, ota-onalar va o'smirlar
o'rtasida xabardorlik darajasi sezilarli darajada past - mos ravishda 33 va 23%. Bolalar
poliklinikasi shifokorlari orasida grippga qarshi emlashga rioya qilish 100% ni tashkil etdi va
otaonalar va o'smirlar orasida sezilarli darajada farq qildi - mos ravishda 74 va 63%. 2022 yilda
ToshPTI klinikasida bolalarni grippga qarshi emlash bilan qamrab olish darajasioylikdan 3
yoshgacha bo'lgan bolalarda - 10%; 3 yoshdan 6 yoshgacha bo'lgan bolalarda - 41%; 7 yoshdan
17 yoshgacha bo'lgan maktab o'quvchilari orasida - 83%; kasb-hunar maktablari va texnikumlarda
tahsil olayotgan 15 yoshdan 17 yoshgacha bo'lgan o'smirlar orasida - 12%.
Xulosa.
Bolalar poliklinikasi shifokorlari grippga qarshi emlash bo'yicha yuqori darajadagi
xabardorlik va majburiyatlarni ko'rsatdi; O'smirlar va ota-onalar orasida grippga qarshi emlash
haqida xabardorlik va rioya qilishning past darajasi aniqlandi. Pandemiya davridaCOVID-19
Bolalar va oʻsmirlarni grippga qarshi emlash bilan qamrab olish darajasini oshirish uchun
oʻsmirlar va ota-onalar oʻrtasida sogʻlomlashtirish ishlarini kuchaytirish zarur.
