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PREVENTION OF DENTOALVEOLAR ANOMALIES IN CHILDREN
AND THEIR TREATMENT
Burgutova U.M. - 2
nd
year student of the dentistry faculty
Ortikova N.Kh. - scientific adviser, Assistant of the department of orthopedic
dentistry
Samarkand state medical university, Samarkand, Uzbekistan.
Relevance.
Prevention of dentoalveolar abnormalities at different ages periods
are one of the most actual issues of modern dentistry. The main problems in the
prevention of DAA are orthodontic diagnostics, large number of contradictory
classifications, lack of single terminology; therefore, it is very important to timely
identify the disease and take the necessary measures for its adequate treatment.
Purpose of the research.
This study was carried to develop the prevalence of
dental anomalies and treatment modalities/planning among the orthodontic patients in
early age.
Materials and methods.
Research was conducted among 54 children from 1 to
17 years old at the regional dentistry clinic in Samarkand. All children were divided
into
3
groups:
I-
the group consisted of infants with temporary occlusion (up to 3 years old; n=9)
II-
the group consisted of toddlers with changeable bite (from 3 to 7 years old ; n=13)
III-
the group consisted of adolescents with permanent occlusion (up to 17 years old;
n=23)
Result and discussion.
Among the 54 subjects, 23 (42.6%) presented with at
least one anomaly. From those, 17(74%) demonstrated a single anomaly and 6 (26%)
with more than one anomaly. It was found that more than half of the patients (n=12)
were suffering from Distal bite (22,6%). The state of Retrogenia has noticed in 7
children (12,6%). The less common anomalies were Macrodentia (3,7%), followed by
Rotation of front teeth and premolars (3,7%).
Risks of DAA:
Genetic predisposition
(presence of genes), mechanical (bruises, trauma, tight clothes of the expectant
mother), chemical (alcoholism and smoking), biological (diseases of a pregnant
woman), mental (stressful situations in the mother in the first trimester), radiation (X-
ray exposure).
The Hotz method - sequential serial removal of temporary teeth, temporary
canines and then molars. This therapeutic measure allows to provide a place in the
dental arch for permanent canines and regulation of their position during eruption.
A Trainer for the early treatment of children who still have permanent teeth
beginning to erupt. The action of the mouth guard is quite soft, effective only for a
growing organism during the period of active formation of the jaws, the growth of
muscles and teeth.
LM - activator. Elastic mouseguard, used during milk, changeable and
temporary bite in order to correct the dentoalveolar anomalies Characteristics and
distinctive features: Three breathing holes make the breathing of the patient easier and
let them to avoid discomfort. Indications for the usage of Lm-Activator: tight position
of the teeth in the anterior row, rotation of front teeth and premolars, crossbite, deep
bite, distal bite, open bite, gingival smile
© TOSHKENT БАУЕАУ STOMАTOLOGIYA INSTITUTI “YOSH бЕШЕАИ KUNLАRI” 2022
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Conclusion.
As this research shows, dental-alveolar anomalies is one of the
most common pathologies in childhood. Untimely struggle and treatment can lead to
complications when children grow up and their permanent teeth grow, for this it is
necessary first of all to carry out preventive explanatory work with children, and if the
anomaly has already begun, then immediately begin treatment of this pathology.
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