REHABILITATION OF INDUSTRIAL AREAS THROUGH LANDSCAPE
ORGANIZATION
ZAKIROVA MUNISA SHUHRAT QIZI
TUACE
Abstract.
Taking into account the location of industrial areas near water bodies and historical areas of the city,
their negative impact on the areas close to them complicates the processes of improving the ecological and urban
planning conditions of the urban environment. The impact of the industrial area on the environment of neighboring areas
upsets the balance of interdependence with nature.
Аnnotatsiya.
Sаnоаt hududlаrining jоylаshuv nuqtаi nаzаridаn suv hаvzаlаri vа shаhаrning tаriхiy hududlаri
yаqinidа jоylаshgаnligini hisоbgа оlsаk, ulаrning hоlаti ulаrgа yaqin hududlаrgа sаlbiy tа’siri, shаhаr muhitining
ekоlоgik vа shаhаrsоzlik hоlаtini yахshilаsh jаrаyоnlаrini bir oz murаkkаblаshtirаdi. Sanoat hududining yon atrofdagi
qo’shni hududlarning muhitiga bо‘lgаn tа’siri, tаbiаt bilаn bo’lgan o’zaro bog’liqlik muvozanatini ishdan chiqaradi.
Аннотация.
Учитывая расположение промышленных территорий вблизи водных объектов и
исторических территорий города, их негативное влияние на прилегающие к ним территории усложняет
процессы улучшения эколого-градостроительного состояния городской среды. Влияние промышленной зоны на
окружающую среду соседних территорий нарушает баланс взаимозависимости с природой.
Keywords.
Industrial areas, urban environment, ecology, urban planning, balance.
Kalit so’zlar.
Sаnоаt hududlаri, shаhаr muhiti, ekоlоgiya, shаhаrsоzlik, muvozanat.
Ключевые слова.
Промышленные территории, городская среда, экология, градостроительство, баланс.
Introduction.
Finding a solution to many problems related to the sustainable development of
the modern city depends on the purposeful implementation of measures for the restoration of the
urban environment and the use of production areas that cannot fulfill the specified tasks.
Moving industrial areas out of the city or changing their functional goals, affecting the
improvement of the environmental situation, "cancellation" of the activities of these areas, due to the
cancellation of industrial, i.e., production activities, depending on the chosen designation of the area
It is the basis for the formation of the landscape in which activities for the restoration of its parts are
carried out [5,6].
Urban areas that remain sources of problematic environmental situations due to the specificity of
functional use include many industrial areas, including:
– industrial zones where the production process has been modernized, but the previous state has been
preserved;
– the territories of industrial enterprises whose production buildings have been destroyed (fully or
partially) and the vacant territories are being appropriated for the purpose of placing zones designated
for the performance of fundamentally new target tasks;
– by increasing the ecological potential, adjacent areas have been changed, and new functional
purposes have been introduced, at the same time, most of the old industrial buildings have been
preserved and the areas have changed their functional purposes [2,3].
Fig.1. The principle of placing industrial areas in the urban structure and improving the
environment through landscape:
a - in the form of light; б - linear; в - arcuate; 1—
industrial area;
2 - residential area; 3— green areas; 4—
center; 5 - direction of industrial development.
In a number of foreign studies, the process of changing industrial tasks to alternative
development of the territory, while providing opportunities for self-sustaining nature, is called
"conversion". The meaning of this concept is the transition to a new quality of development of
industrial areas for the purpose of development of recreational activities or business activities or
construction of residential buildings.
In a number of foreign studies, the process of changing industrial tasks to alternative
development of the territory, while providing opportunities for self-sustaining nature, is called
"conversion". The meaning of this concept is the transition to a new quality of development of
industrial areas for the purpose of development of recreational activities or business activities or
construction of residential buildings.
Methods.
The reason for introducing the term landscape regeneration in the industry is that
the tasks implied by this term go beyond the boundaries of the concepts of "landscape recultivation
(economic activities aimed at restoring the productivity and economic value of degraded lands and
improving the state of the environment)" and "landscape eco-reconstruction". and the term
"conversion" logically follows. Taking into account the impossibility of restoring the original state of
the natural components of the environment, as well as the functional and economic unreasonableness
of this process, relying on the concept of "regeneration", it is given a new meaning that corresponds
to the new importance of the former industrial areas within the urban area. meaning is suggested.
The main problems associated with the process of converting former industrial areas into new
park facilities are: increased soil and water pollution, the presence of large engineering infrastructure
(including many underground communications) and the possibility of its subsequent use. absence,
lack of cultural plant species, the presence of a stable negative image of this place in the minds of
city residents, the difficulty of implementing budget financing of landscape restoration programs, etc.
The method of superimposing a regular "grid" of nodes consisting of individual pavilion cubes
is eleven thematic gardens (mirror garden, wind garden, fog garden, bamboo garden, balance garden
(i.e., children's garden) by adding to the passage system, this method diversified the content of the
garden landscape and turned the whole area into a multi-functional area. The principle of the park's
functional diversity is that the entire territory of the park is organized as a space for movement and
certain activity, allowing the visitor to independently choose the direction of movement and its
content. A prerequisite for the alternative use of the park area is the creation of large recreational
areas with "fuzzy" boundaries and convenient connections, as well as separate entrances and exits.
The method of forming a framework
of stable communication paths is not only to provide
time-resistant and comfortable covering for a large number of visitors to walk, but also to provide
additional protection of the ulna from adverse weather conditions with the help of corrugated metal
cover. lighting and protection of roads during the dark is of great importance.
The method of placing plants in the order of environmental protection is
used for the purpose
of ordering the main directions of the guests' movement in the most used zones and thus changing the
scale of the area.
The method of flexible functional
changes, which ensures the stability of the use of the park
by visitors of different ages in different seasons of the year, free recreation: from children's play with
their parents to sports of teenagers and middle-aged population groups. is to create a system of grass-
covered open spaces - "prairies" - for them to engage in.
The principle of cultural filling of the park area
is to create a system of architectural objects
that provide the visitors of the park with cultural and entertainment activities in the most convenient,
but unconventional form, using the latest technologies.
Support for the method
of using the man-made
method as the basis of landscape restoration.
This method turned the shapeless quarries, which were created as a result of negative man-made
influence, into the positive components of the landscape - a beautiful water div of various
configurations [1].
Results.
In Citroën Park, the method of vertical "expansion" of the area is to achieve diversity
of the "plot" and "scenario" of the park by placing it below and above the ground level by lowering
the landscape compositions into the valleys or raising them to the hills equipped with viewing
platforms in the cascading relief of the area. is used.
Based on the multi-level idea of the composition of the garden, the area of Seria Gardens is organized
in such a way that the surface part of it is semi-closed, bordered by artificial relief ridges, or
balustrades along the glass containers planted with heat-loving plants. can be considered as an open
field in its entire depth when moving along.
Limitation from the "usual" situation of the organization of a traditional pedestrian
communication system in the park is one of the important features of the conceptual direction in
creating a special perceived environment. By changing the direction and level of visual perception of
the composition, it is possible to increase the emotional impact of their individual parts. The park's
multi-level communication system expands the opportunity to get the most diverse impressions by
having a direct effect on increasing the spatial mobility of the guests.
Discussion.
The mixed use of natural contrasting colors of plants is characteristic of the Black
and White Gardens, located a little further away from the main part of the Citroën Garden. In this
case, maximum emotional impact is achieved through the clash of completely opposite - dark and
light colors. The clash of contrasting colors is used as the main visual motif surrounding the Black
Garden in the garden system. Continuing the visual delimitation, the organization of the Seri Parks is
based on the consistent perception of closed spaces "pulled" to the limits of pedestrian traffic.
In the Citroën garden, using the plastic possibilities of all plants and flower compositions, as
well as a certain geometric arrangement of artificial relief forms, organized with the help of separating
live screens created from bushes used to separate certain parts of the environment, a unique color–
creates a colorful space and becomes the most important feature of the plastic and colorful formation
of the modern landscape [4].
Conclusions.
Based on the analysis of local and foreign practice examples of creating garden
and park objects in place of old industrial areas, the following are noted among the post-industrial
landscape restoration methods: dendrological emphasis method, vertical "expansion" of the area,
interpretation of the history of the place through images method, method of compensation of man-
made disturbances, method of flexible functional changes, method of placing plants in order of
environmental protection, method of formation of stable communication roads, method of
introduction of technical objects.
The listed methods of post-industrial landscape restoration are the basis for turning the former
industrial areas into a full-fledged part of the urban landscape, preserving their specific characteristics
through certain features included in the nature composition of "slightly modified landscapes".
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