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ХАЙНАЗАРОВ, Б. Б. (2021). ХIХ АСРДА ШАРҚИЙ
ТУРКИСТОН
МАСАЛАСИ
БЎЙИЧА
РОССИЯ
ВА
ХИТОЙ
ИМПЕРИЯЛАРИ ЎРТАСИДАГИ КЕЛИШУВЛАРИ ТАРИХИДАН. In
Uzbek Conference Publishing Hub (Vol. 1, No. 01, pp. 358-361)
6.
Bahrom, K., Ravshan, T., & Dilshodbek, U. (2019). Theoretical-
Methodological Basis Of Studying Of The History Of Uighurs In Uzbekistan
According To Diasporas. International Journal of Scientific and Technology
Research, 8(12), 3338-3343.
7.
Хайназаров, Б. Б. (2017). РОЛЬ РУССКИХ ВОСТОКОВЕДОВ В
ИЗУЧЕНИИ ИСТОРИИ УЙГУРОВ. In Инновации в технологиях и
образовании (pp. 71-74).
8.
Abdullaev, Utkir I., Anatoliy S. Sagdullaev, and Jasur E. Togaev.
"Migrations and Ethnocultural Processes in Central Asia (Eneolithic and Bronze
Age)." (2021).
THE HISTORICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF THE SILK ROAD
Chu Bei Bei
Researcher,
National university of Uzbekistan
The Silk Road spanned the birthplaces of Egyptian, Babylonian, Indian
and Chinese civilisations, and the settlements of people of different nationalities
and colours. By seeking common ground while preserving differences, being
open and tolerant, different civilisations painted together a magnificent chapter
of human civilisation's prosperity. The ancient Silk Road has become a model of
civilizational exchange, mutual appreciation and coexistence in human history,
and is of great historical value.
The Silk Road was the first to open up a major east-west corridor and for
the first time built up a large network of world transport routes. The Silk Road
was a miracle in the history of world road transport, crisscrossed and connected
in every direction. The Silk Road is a network of numerous small, large and
medium-sized Chinese and foreign transport routes, forming the "bloodline and
meridian" of the Silk Road, which formed the basic pattern of the Silk Road and
built the transport network that connected the East and West worlds in ancient
times, making it the most convenient route between Asia and Europe [1].
The Silk Road greatly facilitated the flow of commodities, pioneering
trade and economic exchanges between East and West. The Silk Road was the
lifeline for trade between East and West in ancient times, and through it, China's
silk, tea, porcelain and lacquer ware were exported to countries along the route
in a constant stream; jewellery, herbs, spices and various crops such as grapes,
carrots, walnuts and carrots entered China in an endless stream from Central and
411
West Asia and Europe.
The Silk Road has facilitated the cross-pollination of science and
technology, widely and profoundly contributing to the progress of production
and even social change in countries along the route. The Silk Road was an
important platform for the exchange of science and technology between China
and the countries along the route. Before the modern industrial revolution in
Europe, China's four ancient inventions and technologies such as ironmaking
were introduced to the West one after another through the Silk Road and became
important factors in driving the changes in the capitalist mode of production [2].
The Silk Road has facilitated the exchange of diverse cultures and is an
important link between different countries, races and civilisations from the East
and the West that have immersed themselves in each other and accommodated
each other. The ancient Silk Road and the Maritime Silk Road were the paths of
civilisation where different peoples and cultures interacted and merged with
each other. The Silk Road spanned dozens of countries in Asia, Europe and
Africa, linking and intermingling the ancient civilisations of China, India, Egypt,
Persia, Arabia and Greece and Rome [3].
Of course, the most active elements of trade along the Silk Road came
mainly from the people, and even private trade always occupied the most
prominent position along the Silk Road in ancient times. The groups that
travelled along the Silk Road included monks, scholars, artisans, caravans,
traders and other people from all regions of the countries along the route,
showing a diversity of groups involved, multiple types of trade and diverse
forms of trade [4].
History has shown that the combined effect of government support and
the participation of multiple subjects was a fundamental guarantee of the
prosperity of the Silk Road, and that one could not be achieved without the other
[6].
The reason for the longevity and vitality of the Silk Road lies in the
connection of ideological and cultural ties, the support of spiritual strength and
the inheritance of diverse civilisations. The cultural development of different
regions has its own internal logic, and there is no superiority or inferiority
between different cultures. Different nations along the Silk Road have been able
to respect, learn from and understand each other through cultural exchange,
intermingling and even confrontation, and have been able to fully demonstrate
and exchange philosophical ideas, educational ideas, humanistic spirits and
moral concepts, creating a harmonious and different value orientation [5].
History has shown that the values of multiple civilisations were the source
of the vitality of the ancient Silk Road. The mutual learning and appreciation of
cultures is the spiritual fulcrum of the Silk Road, and is the essence of its eternal
charm.
412
Literature:
1.
Jad Mouawad.,"China's Growth Shifts the Geopolitics of Oil,"The New
York
Times,
March
19,2010,
https://www.gainesville.com/story/news/2010/03/20/chinas-growth-shifts-the-
geopolitics-of-oil/31748569007/ (Accessed:20 March, 2022)
2.
Naser Al-Tamimi,“China in Iraq: Winning Without A War”
，
March
16,2013,http://english.alarabiya.net/en/views/2013/03/16/China-in-Iraq-
Winning-Without-a-War.html, (Accessed: 20 March, 2022)
3.
Meng Fanren, The Silk Road and Silk Road Archaeology,
http://www.cctv.com/lm/131/61/82900.html, (Accessed;20 March, 2022)
4.
Bahrom, K., Ravshan, T., & Dilshodbek, U. (2019). Theoretical-
Methodological Basis Of Studying Of The History Of Uighurs In Uzbekistan
According To Diasporas. International Journal of Scientific and Technology
Research, 8(12), 3338-3343.
ГЛОБАЛЛАШУВ ЖАРАЁНИДА ИНСОН КАПИТАЛИ ВА
ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛ МИГРАЦИЯ
Азаматова Г.Б.
Жиззах политехника институти ўқитувчиси
Глобаллашув айни вақтда инсониятнинг бутун дунё бўйлаб
ҳаракатланиши билан биргаликда мамлакатлардаги миграция жараёнининг
ошишига ёрдам бермоқда. Дарҳақиқат, ҳозирги тараққиёт даврида бирор
давлат миграцион жараёнлардан четда қолгани йўқ, сабаби аҳоли
миграцияси мамлакатларнинг иқтисодий-ижтимоий ривожланишининг
муҳим омилига айланиб бормоқда. Сўнгги йилларда бутун дунёда олий
маълумотли ва юқори малакали кадрларни қамраб олаётган - интеллектуал
миграция жараёни ҳам жадаллашиб бормоқда. Энг билимли ва истиқболли
кадрларнинг миграцияси мамлакатда инсон капиталининг камайишига
олиб келади, бу ҳолат, албатта, мамлакатнинг тараққий этиш
имкониятларига ўз таъсирини ўтказади.Чунки миграция, одатда, меҳнат
фаолиятини инсон капиталининг баҳоси юқори бўлган соҳаларга
кўчиришга кўмаклашади [1,273]. Ҳозирги кунга қадар фанда интеллектуал
миграция тушунчасини изоҳ этадиган ягона ёндошувлар мавжуд эмас.
Аммо, бу тушунча тор маънода илм аҳлини, олимлар ва турли соҳа фан
тадқиқотчиларининг миграциясини ифода этиб, бу инновацион ғояларнинг
тараққий этишига ва глобаллашув жараёнларининг тезлашишига
боғлиқдир.
Ўзбкистон Республикаси Биринчи Президенти И.А.Каримов
таъкидлаганидек: “Бугун ҳеч кимга сир эмаски, биз яшаётган XXI аср
интеллектуал бойлик ҳукмронлик қиладиган аср. Кимки бу ҳақиқатни ўз
вақтида англаб олмаса, интеллектуал билим, интеллектуал бойликка
интилиш ҳар қайси миллат ва давлат учун кундалик ҳаёт мазмунига
