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FUNCTIONS OF LEXICAL STYLISTIC DEVICES: HYPERBOLE
Scientific supervisor: G‘ofurova Sarvaraxon
Student: Andug‘aniyeva Azizabonu Shavkatjon qizi
Andijan state institute of foreign languages
Аbstrаct:
This article examines the functions of hyperbole as a lexical stylistic device in literature
and everyday communication. Hyperbole, characterized by deliberate exaggeration
for emphasis or effect, serves various purposes, including the enhancement of
emotional intensity, the creation of vivid imagery, and the facilitation of humor.
Key words:
Hyperbole
, stylistic device, discussion, improvement, novel, experience,
inversion.
The audience is not supposed to believe that this character truly knew “every tree” or
that he literally killed a bear when he was “only three.” Instead, hyperbole is used to
exaggerate Davy Crockett’s frontier experience and make him seem larger than life.
Hyperbole is a frequently used literary device in tall tales, legends, and folk stories.
The audience is aware that such claims are to emphasize the traits of the characters and
not to be taken literally. Hyperbole and overstatement are often used interchangeably,
and they can serve as synonyms for each other. However, overstatement and hyperbole
have subtle differences in their use and intended effect. An overstatement is an
exaggeration or a statement in excess of what most would consider reasonable [1;8].
A hyperbole is also an exaggeration, yet it is often more extreme than an overstatement
and its intended effect is as a literary or rhetorical device. Both overstatement and
hyperbole are figures of speech and are not meant to be understood literally. Hyperbole,
however, is utilized as a device in literature and rhetoric, not just a form of figurative
language. Why hyperbola? They release and release the educator from the circle of
truth. Hyperbole plays an important role in literature because it invigorates our speech
and gives us an emotional and mental state as the author or narrator of the text. This
gives them the opportunity to present the oral environment of the story clearly and
correctly. Hyperbole device function-to give brightness, emotionality and reliability to
the text. In addition, he often works by humorous writers to create satirical images for
the heroes of his works, which gives the reader the opportunity to return his
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imagination to life in his imagination. The task of "finding Hyperbola in the text" is
very simple, because speech among others turns into pronounced syllables, which are
distinguished by the fact that they exist. Examples of use: "the eyes of this girl were
surprised by the size of a saucer" or "this dog was the size of an elephant". All these
phrases are a visible addition of reality, because you do not meet such a girl on the
street big eyes or a dog of the size of an elephant, because in nature they are not and
cannot be either. These are the most simple examples using a stylistic tool, which is
considered in the language of Russian literature. Metaphor and hyperbole are
commonly used literary devices. A writer uses metaphor to compare things with some
other persons or things. At times, it is an unusual comparison. Sometimes it seems
overstatement which is not meant normally. In the case of hyperbole, it is different
because its usage is meant to exaggerate and not take the thing or idea literally. The
statement that his words are music could be an overstatement but not always. Hence it
is a metaphor. However, to say that his words are the greatest melody that was ever
heard is an exaggeration and this is hyperbole, which is always meant to exaggerate
things. As hyperbole is meant to overstate and exaggerate things, it is also meant to
bring humor. Therefore, using hyperbole in satire makes things or ideas or persons
larger than life or lesser than life with exaggeration or even understatement.
Hyperbole is effective as a literary device in many ways. By exaggerating something
in an extreme way, whether it is a character’s traits, writer’s tone, theme, or idea,
hyperbole can capture a reader’s attention. In addition, it can cause the reader to
question a narrator’s reliability, reflect on the writer’s true intention, or provide a level
of absurd humor for entertainment. Swift’s satirical essay reflects his view of the
oppressive policies and attitudes toward Ireland and the poor on the part of the British
people and overall aristocracy in the early eighteenth century. This is one of the most
famous hyperbolic passages in literature, as Swift suggests selling and using Irish
children as a food source to relieve the economic plight of the Irish people. Of course,
this “proposal” is a figure of speech and intended as an extreme exaggeration rather
than a literal solution. However, the practical and almost casual tone with which Swift
delivers his hyperbole is as shocking for readers as what he appears to be suggesting.
As a literary and rhetorical device in the essay, hyperbole achieves a serious and ironic
effect for the reader. We can say everything classical works rely on the transmission of
the author's feelings to the reader, transferring it to the situation in which he himself
created it. In literature, hyperbole classical works were very actively used by many
famous authors. Artistic expression, rich in literary means, will help these authors the
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best way to express their opinion to the reader. Thus, when studying the works of
Classics, students are looking for epithets, comparisons, personification, and try to
understand why the writer used this or that technique. Among the artistic means
hyperbole also applies, we will consider. Consider what Hyperbola is, its examples are
presented below. This is a special deliberate exaggeration, which allows the author to
achieve the desired effect. This term is very ancient, the technique began to be used in
ancient times.
Use for hyperbole expression language means: words, word combinations and
sentences. The simplest examples: Hyperbola is widely used in Russian. Examples
show that we often use this technique without even paying attention to it. For example,
quote; I told you a thousand times!" In this case," a thousand times " is an exaggeration,
because the author of the statement, first of all, many times did not say anything.
Secondly, he did not calculate the number of repetitions. Another example of hyperbole
in Russian: "We have not seen each other for a hundred years." People who come here
have not met for a long time, but certainly for a hundred years. Saying that he has
millions of problems, the man now claims that he has a black line in his life, and there
cannot be said about the exact quantitative definition of problems. Satirists often rely
on hyperbole to emphasize a point and focus a reader’s attention on a socio-political or
economic problem. Unfortunately, there were people in Swift’s time that made a literal
interpretation of his modest proposal. This caused a backlash among certain members
of the aristocracy due to their misunderstanding of his hyperbole. However, for a
modern audience, rather than discounting Swift’s essay as something ridiculous, his
hyperbolic proposal achieves its intended effect by causing the reader to reflect on the
underlying problems that would result in such a dramatic literary essay–both in Swift’s
time and today.
In conclusion, we looked at examples of what hyperbole is and how it is used by word
masters. This style allows writers to make their speech figurative and expressive,
focusing the attention of the reader on any feature or feature of the described object or
person. In addition, it was a deliberate exaggeration that helped the author to express
his attitude to what was happening.
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REFERENCES
1. Zafarris, Jess (2017-11-12). "The Etymology of 'Hyperbole'". Useless Etymology.
Retrieved 2020-09-18.
2. Hudson, David L., Jr. (14 April 2020). "Rhetorical Hyperbole". Middle Tennessee
State University. The First Amendment Encyclopedia.
3. Leengen, Marcus (2019-11-26). "What is Hyperbole? Hyperbole definition and
meaning + examples". Figurative Language. Retrieved 2020-09-18.
4. "Hyperbole Examples and Definition". Literary Devices. 2014-08-25. Retrieved
2020-09-18.
5. https://examples.yourdictionary.com/basic-types-of-literary-devices.htm
