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Level of physical development of 13-15 year old students
who are involved in swimming and school physical
education
Akmaljon QOSIMOV
1
Fergana State University
ARTICLE INFO
ABSTRACT
Article history:
Received February 2021
Received in revised form
28 March 2022
Accepted 20 April 2022
Available online
15 May 2022
The researches are carried spent according to physical
development of the schoolboys and swimmers physical
conditions in dynamics (changes) from 12 till 15 years. In the
compared groups, differences were found not only in the
increase in physique indicators, but also in the increase in
functional capabilities and the formation of a promising
somatotype in swimming
2181-
1415/©
2022 in Science LLC.
https://doi.org/10.47689/2181-1415-vol3-iss4/S-pp190-194
This is an open access article under the Attribution 4.0 International
(CC BY 4.0) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.ru)
Keywords:
swimming practice,
anthropometric indicators,
intensive growth,
individual approach,
swimmers 13-15 years old.
Сузиш ва мактаб жисмоний тарбиясига жалб этилган
13-
15 ёшли ўқувчиларнинг жисмоний ривожланиш
даражаси
АННОТАЦИЯ
Калит сўзлар:
сузиш билан шуғулланиш,
антропометрия
кўрсаткичлари,
интенсив ўсиши,
индивидуал ёндашув,
13-
15 ёшдаги сузувчилар.
Антропометрия усули асосида 13
-
15 ёшли мактаб
ўқувчилари ва сузиш билан шуғулланадиган ўқувчилар
-
нинг жисмоний ривожланиш даражаси орасидаги
солиштирма таҳлили ўтказилди. Кўрсатилган индивидуал
тараққиётнинг босқичида текширилаётган ўспирин
-
ларнинг тана тузилишидаги тотал ва парциал ўлчовлари
солиштирилди.Текширилаётган гуруҳдаги ўспиринлар
орасида нафақат тана тузилишида ўзгаришлар, балки
функционал имкониятларининг ошиши ва сузиш учун
истиқболли
бўлган
соматипларнинг
шаклланиши
кузатилди.
1
Lecturer at the Department of Theory and Methods of Physical Culture, Fergana State University.
E-mail: akmaljon.qosimov86@gmail.com.
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Уровень физического развития студентов 13
-
15 лет,
занимающихся плаванием и школьной физической
воспитанией
АННОТАЦИЯ
Ключевые слова:
практика плавания,
антропометрические
показатели,
интенсивный рост,
индивидуальный подход,
пловцы 13
-
15 лет.
С использованием методов антропометрии проведена
оценка физического развития школьников занимающихся
физической культурой в рамках школьной программы и
подростков
пубертатного
возраста
занимающихся
плаванием в возрасте от 12 до 15 лет. Проведен
сравнительный анализ в приросте показателей тотальных
и парциальных размеров в процессе индивидуального
развития. В сравниваемых группах установлены различия
не только в приросте показателей телосложения, но ино и
в
повышении
функциональных
возможностей
и
формировании перспективных для плавания соматотипов.
INTRODUCTION
According to the pediatric service of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of
Uzbekistan, 23% of adolescents in the country are included in 1 risk group, which
recommends examination and control of the cardiovascular system, 33% of children in
the group were diagnosed with various diseases of the respiratory and digestive systems.
The group
’
s defense
–
the weakening of the immune system, the emergence of various
diseases. In 20% of children, various diseases of the musculoskeletal system have been
reported.
LITERATURE ANALYSIS AND METHODOLOGY
The following are the most common diseases in the analysis of the health of
13-15-year-old students who are engaged in swimming and physical education in the
school program
–
diseases of the cardiorespiratory system, vegetative-vascular dystonia,
functional cardiopathy, overweight. those who conducted research. Bulgakova N.J.,
Morozova T.S. 2003, Serdyukovskaya G.N., 2009, Seluyanov V.N., 2009, Ikramov A.I.,
Akhmedova D.I., 2010, Rumba O.G., 2011, Xubbiev Sh.Z., 2012, Yu.Ya.Lobanov, 2018). But
the separation of sick or debilitated children in schools according to the type of disease, it
is necessary to take into account what pathological processes develop in the systems that
make them up (Tsvek S.F., Yazlovetsky B.C., 1983, Bratukhin A.G., 2007, Kim M.A., 2008,
Sonkin V.D., 2009, V.B. Krutko, 2009, Kodaneva L.N., Belokrinkina A.V., 2018). Restoring
the health of such children is the responsibility not only of medical staff but also of
specialists in the field of physical education.
Physical culture allows children with health deviations to discover or demonstrate
latent physical activity abilities. Therefore, it is necessary to effectively use physical
education to restore and strengthen the health of children of different ages, to prevent
various diseases. However, school programs do not pay enough attention to the
individual approach of students using physical education, depending on the level of
physical development, functional status, level of health. Schools, on the other hand, have
not only studied the educational process, the benefits of shaping the health of children
and adolescents, and the health benefits of exercise.
Analysis and results: To address the issues raised in the article, monitoring of the
level of physical development of 13-15-year-old schoolchildren and young athletes
engaged in swimming was conducted. To do this, total and partial measurements were
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analyzed in each age group of children using anthropometric and functional methods.
From the analyzed anthropometric indicators, growth processes were observed based on
div length, the increase in growth in children aged 13-14 years was 3.6%, and in
schoolchildren
–
2.3%. It is known that the degree of variability of the indicator of div
length is almost not high, because the degree of inheritance of this trait is 97% and is
overestimated (L.P. Sergienko, 2003). In swimmers, the age-related increase in arm and
leg length was higher than div length and was 10.3% for arm length and 9.4% for leg
length between the ages of 13 and 14, and 7% for school children. Growth processes
continue between the ages of 14
–
15 years, reaching 9.8% for the foot (Table 1).
Table 1
Comparative analysis of the results of students swimming in secondary school
No. 29 in Margilan, Fergana region and teenagers swimming in the swimming pool
“
Dolphin
”
in Fergana
Shoulder width and chest circumference are also characterized by more intensive
growth in swimmers than in school children, and changes in these indicators with age
can be observed in swimmers and schoolchildren. If in the age group of 13-14 years in
swimmers increased the vital capacity of the lungs (lung capacity increased by 11.4%, by
the age of 15
–
to 27.7%). specific physical loads are applied. The div responds to loads
due to the activity of a specific functional system. Thus, a morphologically homogeneous
sport affects the div structure of a specialized athlete and leaves its
“
mark
”
. Only
positive somatic changes as a result of regular exercise, but the development of aerobic
capacity and strength qualities (div dynamometry indicator) indicates qualitative
changes. In 15-year-old swimmers, the increase in torso muscle strength was 27.2%,
while in schoolchildren it was 12.6%. increase in performance, functional indicators
Increased vital capacity of the lungs, intensive increase in the length of the arms and legs
provide the formation of somatotypes of thoracic-muscle type and muscle type in
swimmers.Digestive type somatotype formation was not observed among swimmers. In
the case of young swimmers, the age range of 13-15 years corresponds to the stage of
deep specialization of training from the initial stage. Growth, along with developmental
Indicators
х
+
σ
Age
13-year-old
swimmers
13 year old
school
students
14-year-old
swimmers
14-year-old
school
students
The
growth
rate is
13% -14
years old
floating
The growth
rate is 13%
for students
aged 14-14
15-year-old
swimmers
15-year-old
school
students
Growth
rate% 15
year old
float
Growth
rate% 15
year old
students
n=15
n=20
n =16
n=20
n=16
n=20
1
Body length,
centimeters
165,25+0.99
153,77+1.05
169.0,47+1.0
9
157,4+0.65
3.06
2,3
174,7+0.86
161,5+2.23
3.2
2.5
2
Weight, kg
50.28+ 6.93
40.3, +1.94
56,3+0.65
43,1+0.85
11,9
10.7
65,53+0,88
54,6+1.59
7,5
14,5
3
The arm is
long,
centimeters
67,5+9,57
63,8+3.83
75,25+6,98
68.51+3,9
10.3
7.0
80,78+4,26
73.1+ 4.1
6.9
6.3
4
Leg length,
centimeter
86,74+4,85
65,2+4,69
91,97+5,21
75,1+6,3
9.4
8.6
94,3+4,32
79.7+3.8
9.8
9.3
5
Shoulder
width,
centimeters
32,95+1,8
29.6+2,2
36,69+2,87
32.4+2,99
10.1
8.6
40,43+2,67
34,43+2.5
9.2
6.0
6
The
circumferen
ce of the
chest is
centimeters
77,03+5,48
73,57+6,21
81,08+4,75
76,58+5,12
5,2
4,1
89,12+5,41
80,73+4.4
9,9
5,4
7
the vital
capacity of
the lungs
3,08+0,46
2,6+0,34
3,43+0,61
2.8 +0,56
11,4
7,7
4,38+0,77
3.2+0,67
27,7
14,3
8
Body
strength,
klogramm
82,88+9,19
76,8+4,10
87,08+8,58
80,28+6.81
5,1
4,5
110,75+6,90
90,15+7,38
27,2
12,6
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processes, leads to increased mobility activity and the formation of swimmer-specific
morphotypes.
CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS
When examining 13
–
15-year-old swimmers and school-age students, it was observed
that div measurements included div weight, length, chest circumference, and lung vital
capacity in swimmers above normal. The formation of thoracic-muscular and muscular
somatotypes has been identified in swimmers aged 13
–
15 years, and these somatotypes are
promising in the sport of swimming. The level of physical development in children who
engage in swimming compared to students who do not participate in sports on a regular
basis varies not only with age but also as a result of the exercise process.
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