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Peculiarities of hearing cases of insolvency of an
individual entrepreneur in court
Nargiza SULAYMONOVA
1
Tashkent State University of Law
ARTICLE INFO
ABSTRACT
Article history:
Received July 2023
Received in revised form
15 July 2023
Accepted 25 July 2023
Available online
15 August 2023
The development of economic reforms in our country is a
vital necessity for market relations. The Bankruptcy Institute as
a means of ensuring the development of commodity-money
relations based on market principles is one of the most urgent
tasks.
Although this relationship is not considered new, it is
considered an institution that has not yet been thoroughly
studied in the practice of law enforcement. During the study of
the topic, court practice and legislation were studied.
2181-
1415/©
2023 in Science LLC.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47689/2181-1415-vol4-iss6/S-pp470-473
This is an open access article under the Attribution 4.0 International
(CC BY 4.0) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.ru)
Keywords:
insolvency,
debtor,
legal proceedings,
bankrupt,
businessman,
creditor
Yаkkа tаrtibdаgi tаdbirkorning to‘lovgа qobiliyаtsizligi
to‘g ‘risidаgi ishlarni suddа ko‘rishning o‘zigа xos
xususiyatlari
ANNOTATSIYA
Kalit so‘zlar
:
to‘lovga qobiliyatsizlik,
qarzdor,
sud protsessi,
bankrot,
tadbirkor,
kreditor.
Mаmlаkаtimizdа iqtisodiy islohotlа
r rivoshlanishi, bozor
munosаbаtlаrigа xos hаyotiy zаrurаtdir. Bаnkrotlik instituti
hаm tovаr
-
pul munosаbаtlаri bozor tаmoyillаri аsosidа
rivojlаnishini tа’minlovchi vositа sifаtidа keng ilmiy tаdqiq
etilishi, shu аsosdа ushbu sohа qonunchiligi muntаzаm
tаkomillаshib borilishi dolzаrb vаzifаlаrdаn biri sаnаlаdi.
Mazkur maqolada ushbu munosabatlar yangi sanalmasada,
huquqni qo‘llash amaliyotida hali to‘liq o‘rganilmagan
institutligi to‘g‘risida so‘z borgan. Mavzuni o‘rganish davomida
aynan sud amaliyoti va
qonunchiligi o‘rganildi hamda tahlil
qilindi.
1
Teacher, Department of Civil Procedural and Economic Procedural Law, Tashkent State University of Law.
Tashkent, Uzbekistan. E-mail: snm1188@mail.ru
Жамият
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Общество
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Society and innovations
Special Issue
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06 (2023) / ISSN 2181-1415
471
Особенности
рассмотрения
дел
о
неплатежеспособности
индивидуального
предпринимателя в суде
АННОТАЦИЯ
Ключевые слова:
несостоятельность,
должник,
судопроизводство,
банкрот,
предприниматель,
кредитор
Развитие экономических реформ в нашей стране
является
жизненной
необходимостью
рыночных
отношений.
Институт
банкротства
как
средство
обеспечения развития товарно
-
денежных отношений на
основе рыночных принципов является одной из наиболее
актуальных задач.
Хотя это отношение не считается новым, оно считается
институтом, еще не до конца изученным в практике
правоприменения. В ходе изучения темы изучалась
судебная практика и законодательство
.
With the development of the economy in our country, a wide range of
opportunities are being created for entrepreneurs. Nowadays, depending on the types of
business entities, their organization, operation, and, of course, termination of their
activities also differs. In particular, the insolvency of an individual entrepreneur is
fundamentally different from the insolvency of a legal entity. The main law governing this
area is the Insolvency Act. This Law regulates relations in the field of insolvency of legal
entities and individuals, as well as individual entrepreneurs.
The main issue that we will focus on is the specific features of court consideration
of cases of individual entrepreneurs' inability to pay. As mentioned above, depending on
the type of business entity, finding them insolvent also differs.
In court proceedings to declare an individual entrepreneur bankrupt in court:
• debtor;
• с
ourt manager;
• creditors, taking into account the moment when demands are submitted by them
to the debtor in the manner prescribed by this Law;
• authorized state div;
• a person who provides security for the de
btor's obligations can participate.
In addition, in accordance with the Law "On Insolvency", in case of insolvency, the
representative of the employees of the debtor legal entity, the representative of the
debtor's founders (participants), or the owner of the debtor's property, the debtor's
individual entrepreneur representative, representative of creditors' meeting (creditors'
committee) and other persons may participate. Preparation of such cases for trial is
carried out by a judge based on the Economic Procedural Code of the Republic of
Uzbekistan.
More than two months from the date of the decision on the acceptance of the
debtor's insolvency proceedings at the insolvency court session should be considered in
no time. Consideration of the insolvency case may be extended for a period not exceeding
one month in special cases.
In order to ensure transparency and legal enforcement of insolvency proceedings,
parties involved in any insolvency proceedings shall not be required to falsify insolvency,
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472
conceal insolvency, or may apply for the appointment of an expert in order to determine
the symptoms that led to the willful inability to pay.
Documents received in cases of insolvency must be executed immediately. A copy
of the court document in the case of insolvency is immediately sent by the court to the
state bailiff at the place of residence (place of residence) of the debtor.
In the course of bankruptcy proceedings, the court must take measures to satisfy
the demands of creditors. In addition to the measures taken in the Code of Economic
Procedure, it is possible to prohibit the conclusion of transactions without the consent of
the court administrator, as well as to force the debtor to hand over securities, foreign
exchange reserves, and other property to third parties for preservation. He can also take
other measures aimed at preserving the property of the debtor in its entirety.
The court shall draw up the procedure for satisfying the demands of the creditors
when accepting the application of the debtor individual entrepreneur. In accordance with
the law, in connection with the consideration of the insolvency case at the expense of the
funds deposited in the deposit account of the court before satisfying the demands of the
creditors and the execution of the court's decision to declare the debtor individual
entrepreneur insolvent. Expenses will be reimbursed, and citizens' demands for damages
to life or health will be satisfied in accordance with the law.
Now coming to the satisfaction of the students of the lenders, there is also a turn to
satisfy the requirements of the lenders which are as follows:
•
first of all, claims for the recovery of alimony, as well as claims that provide for
the calculation of remuneration for labor and payment of fees under copyright contracts;
•
in the second place - claims for taxes and fees, the part of creditors' claims
secured by collateral, related to the debt that was not covered due to the insufficient
amount from the sale of pledged property (collateral), and creditors' collateral
outstanding requirements;
•
in the third place - settlements with other creditors.
The requirements of each queue are satisfied after the requirements of the
previous queue are fully satisfied.
If there are insufficient funds in the court's deposit account, these funds will be
distributed among the relevant creditors in proportion to the amount of their claims.
In accordance with the Law "On Insolvency", the court's decision to declare
bankruptcy and liquidation of a debtor individual entrepreneur and the writ of execution
on the debtor's property, the debtor's property will be sent to the state bailiff for sale. In
addition to the property that cannot be included in the liquidation mass according to the
law, the following should be sold: all property of the debtor individual entrepreneur;
property of a debtor natural person who has lost the status of an individual
entrepreneur, obtained as a result of his previous business activity.
In this case, the court determines whether the property of an individual belongs to
the amount of property acquired during his previous business activity or is not related to
his previous business activity.
When it is necessary to permanently manage the immovable property or valuable
movable property of the debtor individual entrepreneur, the court appoints a liquidation
administrator for these purposes. It determines the amount of the fee to be paid to him.
In this case, the liquidator sells the property of the debtor individual entrepreneur.
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The balance of the funds in the bank account and bank plastic cards of the debtor
individual entrepreneur, the funds from the sale of property, and the cash funds, are
deposited in the court's deposit account.
Now the individual entrepreneur was declared bankrupt by the court. From the
moment an individual entrepreneur is declared bankrupt:
- the period for fulfilling the debtor's monetary obligations is considered to have
begun; Neustopika (fine, fine), calculation of interest, and other economic (financial)
sanctions on all obligations of the debtor will be canceled;
- all execution documents from the debtor are also canceled, except for the
execution documents regarding claims for the recovery of alimony, as well as claims for
compensation for damage to life or health.
The economic court sends the decision to declare bankruptcy of an individual
entrepreneur and start proceedings for liquidation to all the identified creditors,
indicating the time for them to submit their claims, which period should not exceed two
months. Sending such a decision to the economic court is carried out at the expense of the
individual entrepreneur.
The peculiarity of hearing this type of case in courts was touched upon. However,
there are many problems in practice. It is necessary to minimize the risk of problems that
may arise for an individual entrepreneur. This, in turn, ensures the normal activity of an
individual entrepreneur.
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