Жамият
ва
инновациялар
–
Общество
и
инновации
–
Society and innovations
Journal home page:
https://inscience.uz/index.php/socinov/index
Pedagogical essence and structural understanding of
graphic organizers in Chemistry
Nargiza AMONOVA
1
Bukhara State Medical Institute
ARTICLE INFO
ABSTRACT
Article history:
Received August 2023
Received in revised form
15 September 2023
Accepted 25 September 2023
Available online
15 October 2023
This article analyzes all the most modern interactive teaching
methods, in particular, graphic organizers in the form of a
cluster, a classification table, a T-chart, KWL diagrams, and the
pyramid method in Chemistry at secondary schools. Their
functional structure, methods of practical application in the
classroom, as well as the conceptual content of the described
illustrative teaching methods are analyzed, which will help to
assimilate better new educational material not only in Chemistry
but also in any academic subject, discipline, and in the education
system as a whole.
2181-
1415/©
2023 in Science LLC.
https://doi.org/10.47689/2181-1415-vol4-iss8/S-pp184-188
This is an open access article under the Attribution 4.0 International
(CC BY 4.0) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.ru)
Keywords:
education,
standards,
technologies,
graphic organizers,
design,
interactive teaching
methods,
Chemistry,
illustrative methods
Kimyo darslarida grafik organizarlarning pedagogik
mohiyati va tuzilishi
ANNOTATSIYA
Kalit so‘zlar:
ta'lim,
standartlar,
texnologiyalar,
grafik organayzerlar,
dizayn,
interfaol o'qitish usullari,
kimyo,
illyustrativ usullar
Ushbu maqolada o‘qitishning eng zamonaviy interfaol
usullari, xususan, umumtaʼlim maktablarida kimyo darslarida
klaster, tasnif jadvali, T-diagramma, KVL diagramma va piramida
ko‘rinishidagi grafik organayzer tahlil qilinadi. Ularning
funksional tuzilishi, darsda amaliy qo‘llash usullari, shuningdek
tasvirlangan illyustrativ o‘qitish usullarining konseptual
mazmuni tahlil qilinadi, bu nafaqat “Kimyo” fanida, balki har
qanday fan
bo‘yicha yangi o‘quv materiallarini yaxshiroq
o‘zlashtirishga yordam beradi.
1
Lecturer, Bukhara State Medical Institute, E-mail:
Жамият
ва
инновациялар
–
Общество
и
инновации
–
Society and innovations
Special Issue
–
08 (2023) / ISSN 2181-1415
185
Педагогическая сущность и структурное понимание
графических организаторов на уроках химии
АННОТАЦИЯ
Ключевые слова:
образование,
стандарты,
технологии,
графические органайзеры,
дизайн,
интерактивные методы
обучения,
химия,
иллюстративные методы
В данной статье анализируются все самые современные
интерактивные методы обучения, в частности, графические
органайзеры в виде кластера, классификационная таблица,
Т
-
образная диаграмма, диаграммы KWL и метод пирамид на
уроках
химии
в
общеобразовательных
школах.
Анализируется их функциональная структура, способы
практического
применения
на
уроках,
а
также
концептуальное содержание описанных иллюстративных
методов обучения, которые помогут лучше усваивать
новый учебный материал не только по предмету «Химия»,
но и по любому учебному предмету и дисциплин в системе
образования в целом.
Introduction
In our republic, profound reforms are being carried out in the field of education,
positive changes are being made in the education system abroad, the desire to get closer
to world education standards, the creation of a new generation of textbooks and curricula,
and manuals so that we can organize a lesson in a more concise and interesting form.
Interactive teaching methods have become an important factor in increasing students'
attitudes to the lesson and their desire to learn.
Teachers should know the rules of the use in the organization of educational
activities in order to improve the effectiveness of education, to ensure that the person is at
the center of education, and that young people learn on their own.
The importance of graphic organizers in education should take a large place in the
formation of the scientific worldview of the student, in the presentation of his personality,
and in the ability to behave freely and independently choose the right path in difficult
situations. In particular, to come to classes confidently and form the feeling of meeting with
a teacher with special respect and honor is one of the main criteria of the modern
educational and training process. If a teacher gives proper guidance to students during a
lesson, hard-to-learn students will become active participants without even realizing it.
An important educational value of using interactive methods of pedagogy in
teaching chemistry is that it brings up a confident approach to the abilities and talents
hidden in the student. The practical application of interactive teaching methods helps
students not only to master the scientific concepts and laws studied in each subject but
also to find out the reasons that cause this.
In order to develop chemical and biological sciences in our country, and improve the
quality of education and the effectiveness of science in these areas, on August 12, 2020, the
President of the Republic of Uzbekistan Shavkat Mirziyoyev announced "Measures to
improve the quality of continuous education and the effectiveness of science in the field of
chemistry and biology", as indicated in the resolution, "the quality of teaching chemistry
and biology in general education schools does not meet the requirements of today, the
teaching methods and laboratories are outdated. It should be noted in the work of teachers
that the appropriate incentive mechanisms have not been introduced."
Жамият
ва
инновациялар
–
Общество
и
инновации
–
Society and innovations
Special Issue
–
08 (2023) / ISSN 2181-1415
186
Therefore, if we take into account the importance of using graphic organizers when
teaching chemistry in secondary schools, if we approach this issue, it will become clear
how relevant and important this topic is. This determines the most important scientific
novelty and theoretical significance of the research.
Materials and Methods
The main goal of this research is the pedagogical understanding of the structure,
functions and practical use of graphic designers in chemistry lessons in secondary schools.
Speaking about the role of graphic organizers in the formation of chemical knowledge and
skills of students, it consists of their creation and use in chemistry lessons, while the
following tasks were identified:
- determination of the ways and means of establishing a methodological connection
between the concepts being studied, the formation and composition of information when
teaching theoretical knowledge in chemistry in a secondary school;
- application of methods and means of data analysis, and comparison, in the
formation of chemical knowledge and skills among students;
- development of chemical knowledge with the help of methods and means of
identifying problems, analyzing, and planning a solution, i.e. various graphic organizers,
interactive teaching methods, etc.
As for the world's pedagogical resources, in Germany in the 1920s, the graphic
design industry took shape as an independent activity. The search for a common design
structure and organization of visual content led to the birth of modern graphic design.
During this period, Bauhaus teachers comprehended form through the analysis of simple
geometric elements and “believed that this language, base
d on vision as a universal tool,
should be understood by everyone.” The desire to find a universal way to organize space
for ease of reading text and a comfortable perception of composition led to the use of grids
to help you position text and illustrations correctly on the page. And "the unity of the visual
image was formed under the influence of Gestalt psychology." Gestalt theory proved to be
the rationale for functionalism in graphic design.
Results and Discussion
According to the scientific theory of education, the traditional rather than
individually oriented way of conducting learning limits the independent thinking of
students, blinds them to the views of others, and makes them limited. Modern educational
technologies are the only way to gain knowledge, develop skills, and develop creative
thinking [6, p. 80]. Graphic organizers (journals) are a means of visual representation of
the thought process. Graphic organizers can be divided into the following types.
1. Methods and means of establishing links and relationships between the studied
concepts (events, phenomena, issues).
2. Methods and means of analysis and comparison of data.
3. Methods and tools for identifying, analyzing, and solving problems.
Today, pedagogical technology is interpreted in close connection with the idea of
managing the educational process. The purpose of training is to coordinate the course of
the educational process with the design. This involves the assessment of selected didactic
forms, methods, tools, and knowledge of students. A systematic approach to the
educational process is a unique feature of pedagogical technology. Based on this, the use
of graphic organizers in improving knowledge, developing talent, and creative thinking is
one of the ways to increase the effectiveness of education In conclusion of our study, it is
Жамият
ва
инновациялар
–
Общество
и
инновации
–
Society and innovations
Special Issue
–
08 (2023) / ISSN 2181-1415
187
necessary to add that all the basic, effective, and productive teaching methods expressed
in graphical means (or organizers) analyzed in this study are extremely useful for classes
in the discipline "Chemistry" in secondary schools as they most meaningfully and
conceptually convey the educational and methodological structure of the subject.
Conclusion
Thus, multimedia technologies can be used to: announce topics; accompany teacher
explanations; information; and knowledge control. The use of interactive teaching
methods such as graphic organizers in the research allowed for increased interest in the
subject and the effectiveness of teaching. An indicator of this may be the activation of the
cognitive interest of students in the classroom and outside the classroom. The use of
innovative educational technologies in the classroom significantly increases the
motivation of students to study chemistry and the quality of children's education.
REFERENCES:
1. Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated October 29, 2019 "On science and
scientific activity" No. ORQ-576.
2. Decision of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan Sh. Miziyoyev.
“
On
measures to introduce the principles of management into the system of higher and
secondary special education
”
. Marifat newspaper, July 13, 2019, No. 54
3. Decision of President Shavkat Mirziyoev "On measures to increase the quality of
continuous education and the effectiveness of science in the fields of chemistry and
biology" on August 12, 2020,
4. Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan "On innovative activities" No. ORQ-630 July 24,
2020
5. Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan of October 29, 2020 No. PF-
6097 "On approval of the concept of development of science until 2030".
6. Ishmuhammedov R.J. Ways to increase the effectiveness of teaching with the help
of innovative technologies. - T 2000
7. Sayidakhmedov N. Pedagogical technology and pedagogical skills. T. 2003 160b
8. Khojaev B.K., Olimov Sh.Sh. "New pedagogical technologies" Bukhara. "Bukhara"
2004. 119 p.
9. Joraev A.S. Bakhranov K.Kh. "Interactive methods of education" Bukhara.
"Bukhara" 2007. 80 p.
10. Ishmuhamedov R., Abdukadirov A., Pardaev A. Innovative technologies in
education.-Tashkent: Iste'dod, 2008.-180 p.
11. Khudoynazarova G.A., Sattorova G.T. Using graphic organizers in teaching
chemistry. B.374-375
12. Yuldasheva Sh.J., Ismatova N.N. "Innovations and best practices in teaching
chemical technology". Republic-wide scientific-practical conference on "Innovation - the
conceptual basis of modernization". December 2016. B.98 -100
13. Karimova D.A., Jumaeva E.Sh. "Use of innovative methods and chemical
chemistry". December 2016. B.186 -187
14. Karimova D.A., Karimova Z.U. "Using innovative educational technologies in
teaching natural sciences" December 2016. B.188 -189
15. Botyrova S.R. "Using new innovative methods in assessing students' knowledge"
December 2016. B.195-198.
Жамият
ва
инновациялар
–
Общество
и
инновации
–
Society and innovations
Special Issue
–
08 (2023) / ISSN 2181-1415
188
16. Ahadov M.Sh., Khalilova L.M. "Using innovative educational technologies in
teaching inorganic chemistry" December 2016. B.198-200
17. Usmonova L.M., Nematov Z.Z. "Effective use of teaching aids in chemistry
teaching", December 2016. B. 291-292
18. Usmonova L.M., Avazova N.N. "The role of using modern educational
technologies in chemistry classes" December 2016. B.293-295
19. Kholov H.M., Teshayeva N.Sh. "Using new pedagogical technologies in teaching
the subject of expressing solutions and their concentrations in the 7th grade chemistry
course" December 2016.B. 295-297
20. Khudoyorova E.A. "The role of using interactive methods in teaching chemistry".
December 2016.B. 297-298
21. Halimova R.S., Halimova D.S. "The importance of didactic games in increasing the
effectiveness of the quality of education (in the case of chemistry)" This collection,
December 2016. B.305-310
