SOLUTION OF SOCIAL PROBLEMS IN
MANAGEMENT AND ECONOMY
International scientific-online conference
48
ECOLOGICAL EDUCATION OF PRESCHOOL CHILDREN
Asenbaeva Klara Khudaybergenovna
Director of the State Preschool Educational
Organization No. 3 of the Department of Preschool
And School Education of the Nukus District
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15200934
Annotation:
The article is written about the violation of the laws of nature,
the lack of environmental knowledge among people, environmental knowledge,
the study of the structure, development and change of wildlife, the state of living
beings on earth and ways to economically use natural resources
Key words:
Ecological knowledge, laws of nature, air pollution,
environmental education.
The most important ecological problems in our republic and measures for
their prevention, the future of our planet, the fate of humanity today largely
depend on the solution of ecological problems. The reason for the violation of
the laws of nature is the lack of ecological knowledge among people, their
inability to foresee the future state of nature. Ecological knowledge consists of
studying the structure, development, and changes of living nature, the state of
living beings on Earth, and mastering ways to use natural resources
economically.
As a result of the destruction of the ozone layer and the drying up of the
Aral Sea, environmental problems are arising. The release of toxic gases from
factories and plants into the atmosphere, the release of toxic gases from cars
into the atmosphere, and various explosions lead to the release of chlorine gases
into the atmosphere, which leads to the destruction of the ozone layer. Air
pollution and the increase in carbon dioxide in its composition pose a serious
threat to human health. They were engaged in damming rivers, blocking their
paths, creating artificial seas, and developing lands. These "achievements"
disrupted the laws of nature and its complex and delicate balance. However,
people did not think that these actions could lead to various disasters. As a
result, grass pastures were destroyed, and new lands were developed.
Environmental education should be instilled in the younger generation
from the family, from kindergarten age. The educational program of preschool
educational institutions provides for fostering in children a love for Mother
Nature, the ability to care for plants and animals, behavior in nature, cultivating
interest in growing plants, caring for and protecting animals, not breaking trees,
and not harassing animals, starting from the younger group. Environmental
SOLUTION OF SOCIAL PROBLEMS IN
MANAGEMENT AND ECONOMY
International scientific-online conference
49
education of children in preschool educational institutions is carried out in the
following ways:
1. Visual (observation, viewing pictures, showing filmstrips).
2. Practical (in game form).
3. Oral (story, explanation, reading literary works).
Visual method. Observations are organized by the educator based on
familiarizing children with plants, animals, weather, and adults' work in nature.
Observations are conducted during lessons, walks, excursions, and in nature
corners. Good results can be achieved if children combine it with practical
activities. Diafilms used in preschool educational institutions were developed
based on the preschool educational program. Diafilm helps the educator to
interestingly convey the content of the program to the children based on a
specific system. Through the television program "Who is it, what is it?" and the
radio play "Journey to the World of Fairy Tales," children become acquainted
with the nature of a particular region, the animal world, and the customs and
traditions of its peoples.
Moral qualities are cultivated. Through the television programs shown in
them, a comprehensive understanding of the processes occurring in nature, the
world of plants and animals is formed. Practical method. When introducing
children to nature, it is advisable to use didactic games with natural materials.
Fruits, vegetables, tree branches, and houseplants can be used for this purpose.
When introducing children to plants, the following games can be used: "Find the
plants by name," "Find by leaves," "Find the described plant or fruit," etc. Oral
method. In providing ecological education to children, the teacher's explanation,
storytelling, use of folk proverbs and fables, and oral methods such as
conversation play a significant role. For the upbringing of active defenders of
nature, work is carried out with preschool children in the following areas:
1. Providing preschool children with concrete knowledge about the natural
world and the interconnectedness of its phenomena.
2. Formation in children of activity related to nature, its preservation, and
the increase of its wealth.
Oral method. In providing ecological education to children, the teacher's
explanation, storytelling, use of folk proverbs and fables, and oral methods such
as conversation play a significant role. For the upbringing of active defenders of
nature, work is carried out with preschool children in the following areas:
1. Providing preschool children with concrete knowledge about the natural
world and the interconnectedness of its phenomena.
SOLUTION OF SOCIAL PROBLEMS IN
MANAGEMENT AND ECONOMY
International scientific-online conference
50
2. Formation in children of activity related to nature, its preservation, and
the increase of its wealth.
And the forest, the field?
And the river?
What is needed for plant growth?
How should children behave in the forest?
How did we take care of the birds?
Then you can talk about the conservation of wild animals, birds, and
animals in other parts of the republic, and see pictures with children. The nature
corner plays a significant role in fostering love for nature, a careful attitude
towards it, care for plants and animals, and through this, fostering interest in
nature, patriotism, diligence, and respect for the work of adults who preserve
nature and increase its resources. Another important aspect of the nature corner
is that children see it every day.
Under the teacher's guidance, the children systematically observe and care
for the plants and animals in the nature corner. As a result, they acquire ideas
and concepts about the diversity of the plant and animal world, their growth,
development, and what conditions they need. The educator develops
comparison skills in children. By comparing animals and plants with each other,
they learn about the commonalities and differences between them, their
characteristic features and properties. The teacher draws the children's
attention to the beautiful flowering of plants, the shape and color of the leaves,
the beautiful appearance and agile movements of the fish in the aquarium. As a
result, children see these beauties with their eyes and feel them with their
hearts, and their aesthetic taste grows.
As a result of observing and caring for plants and animals in the nature
corner under the guidance of the teacher, a careful attitude towards nature is
formed. It awakens in them the desire to contribute to the further flourishing of
nature, as well as to participate in this process with the best possible work.
References:
1. Vygotsky L.S. Development of Higher Psychological Functions, Collected
Works M. 1982.
2. Haytboev R., Amriddinova R.S. "Special Types of Tourism." Methodological
instruction. Samarkand, 2008.
