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METHODS OF RECREATING PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS
CONTAINING THE COMPONENT “MOUTH”/“OG‘IZ” IN ENGLISH
AND UZBEK IN TRANSLATION
Otajonov Botirbek Ashuralievich
Lecturer
Ashuraliyev Bobirmirzo Botirbek ogli
Student
Andijan State Institute of Foreign Languages,
Andijan, Uzbekistan
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15393268
Annotation
This article explores the methods of translating English and Uzbek
phraseological units containing the component "mouth"/"og‘iz." It highlights the
significance of considering cultural, historical, and linguistic aspects to ensure
accurate and idiomatic translation. The study emphasizes that literal translation
of such idioms may lead to misinterpretation or loss of meaning, and therefore,
equivalence in message rather than form is crucial. Based on a comparative
analysis, the phraseological units were categorized into three groups by their
degree of adequacy: fully adequate (22%), partially adequate (30%), and
inadequate (48%). The research demonstrates that partially and inadequately
matched idioms can be translated effectively by finding analogs or through
contextual adaptation. Furthermore, the paper underlines the vital role of the
translator, whose deep knowledge of the source and target cultures, language
systems, and stylistic usage is necessary for successful translation. The findings
contribute to the development of linguoculturological approaches and enrich the
understanding of interlingual equivalence in phraseological translation.
Key words
: phraseological units, idioms, mouth/og‘iz component,
translation adequacy, linguoculturology, comparative analysis, equivalence,
idiomatic translation, cultural aspects, translator competence.
Among the many complex issues studied in modern linguistics, the
linguistic aspects of interlingual speech activity known as "translation" or
"translation activity" hold an important place. It is well known that although
translation and written translation practices have a long history, the field of
translation studies is one of the younger branches of linguistics. Incidentally, at
the beginning of the 20th century, particularly after World War I, there was a
growing focus on learning new languages worldwide. However, scientific
research in this area only began to emerge in the 1950s. Over the past half-
century, many translations have been carried out, and the general and specific
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aspects of translation studies have been explored, analyzed, and hundreds of
dissertations have been written based on materials from various languages. A
distinctive feature of this period is that the majority of the scientific work
conducted focused on issues related to the translation of literary works.
Translation is undoubtedly one of the oldest forms of human activity. As
soon as groups of people with different languages appeared in the history of
humanity, bilingual individuals who helped facilitate communication between
these "multilingual" groups emerged. With the advent of writing, written
translators who translated various official, religious, and business texts were
added to the ranks of these translators, known as "interpreters." From the very
beginning, translation performed an important social function, enabling people
and nations to communicate in different languages. The spread of written
translations allowed people to widely benefit from the cultural achievements of
other nations, disseminate them, and foster mutual influence and enrichment
between literatures and cultures. Knowledge of foreign languages allows us to
read books in their original versions, but not everyone manages to learn a
foreign language, and no one can read books in all or at least the majority of
literary languages. The magnificent works of Homer and Shakespeare, Dante and
Goethe, Tolstoy and Dostoevsky have been made accessible to all of humanity
only through translation.
When translating phraseological units, it is
essential to pay attention to their cultural, historical, and linguistic aspects in
order to convey their meaning accurately. Here are some key points that we
believe should be considered during the translation process: Phraseological
units are often idiomatic expressions specific to a particular language.
Translating them literally can lead to confusion or the loss of the intended
message. Instead, it is important to focus on conveying the core concept,
meaning, or moral lesson in an idiomatic manner in the target language.
A comparative study of phraseological units containing the components
"mouth"/"og‘iz" serves as an important tool in identifying the peculiarities of the
mentality of different peoples and their commonalities. Within the framework of
contemporary linguocultural studies, this approach has gained particular
relevance. Overall, the analysis of phraseologisms with the components
"mouth"/"og‘iz" contributes to the development of the field of linguoculturology
in the linguistic experiences of Uzbek and other peoples, as well as aids in the
further expansion of the vocabulary of the language.
№ English examples
Uzbek examples
Fully adequate translation
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1 toilet/potty mouth/ foul-
mouthed
Og’zi bemaza. Og’zi buzuq. Og’zi shaloq.
Og’zi beposhna
2 closemouthed
og’zi mahkam
3 open-mouthed
og’zi ochilib qolmoq (hayratda qolmoq)
4 make one's mouth water
og’zining suvini keltirmoq
5 mouth waters
og’zining suvi kelmoq
6 take the bread out of
(one's) mouth
og’zidan nonini/oshini olib qo’ymoq
7 melt in (one's)/the mouth
og’izda erimoq (mazali)
8 have (one's) heart in
(one's) mouth (yoki one’s
heart leaped into one’s
mouth)
bring smb.’s heart into his
mouth (yoki: make smb.’s
heart leap out of his
mouth)
yuragi og’ziga tiqilmoq;
yuragi og’ziga kelmoq;
9 open one’s mouth
og’iz ochmoq (so’zlay boshlamoq); og’iz
juftlamoq
10 go/fly from mouth to
mouth
og’izdan og’izga ko’chmoq/o’tmoq
11 mouth to feed
og’iz (birovning qaramogʼida boʼlgan odam,
xoʼranda, nonxoʼr)
12 keep your mouth shut
og’zingni yum/yop
13 shoot one’s mouth off
og‘zidan gullamoq
14 Watch your mouth
og‘zingga qarab gapir
15 Baloning
ogʼzi
(O’limningog’zi)
Doom’s doorstep; Mouth of madness;
Pandora’s box
Partially adequate translation
1 a big mouth
og’zi bo’sh
2 light-mouthed
og’zi bilan yuradigan; og’ziga kuchi
yetmagan; og’zi bo’sh
3 (straight) from the horse's
mouth
o’z
og’zidan
eshitmoq;
ishonchli
manbadan;
4
the words pour from
smb’s mouth.
og’iz ko’pirtirmoq
5 condemn oneself out of tildan ketmoq; o‘zining tili o‘zining boshini
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one’s own mouth
yemoq
6 make a mouth
og’zini
burishtirmoq
(yosh
bolalar
kimningdir ustidan kulmoqchi boʼlganda
yoki xazil qilmoqchi boʼlganda)
7 a motor mouth
og’zi gapdan bo’shamaydigan, laqma
8 dragon/jungle mouth
ogʼzidan badboʼy xid kelib turadigan, og'zi
sassiq
9 have a plum in (one's)
mouth
katta og’iz, og’zi katta
10 stop smb’s mouth
og‘zini yopmoq
11 from your mouth to God’s
ears
og'zingga (qantu) novvat\ ogʼzingga yogʼ
(
yoki
moy)
12 og’zi botir\polvon
bold speaker
13 ogʼzi
qulogʼida
(yoki
qulogʼiga yetdi)
grin from ear to ear
14 og’zini poylamoq\og’ziga
qaramoq
wait for smb to speak; to wait with bated
breath
15 ogʼziga urmoq\qoqmoq
shut smb’s mouth
16 gapi (yoki soʼzi) ogʼzida
qoldi
One’s words caught in one’s throat
17 besh qoʼlni (yoki barmoqni,
panjani) ogʼziga urmoq
to grab everything with both hands; to
have sticky fingers; to bite off more than
one can chew; to hog everything
18 ogʼizga (el, yurt, halq,
ko’pchilikning
og’ziga)
tushmoq
to be on everyone’s lips (to become the
talk of the town; to be in the spotlight)
Inadequate translation
1 give it mouth
Balandparvoz\katta gapirmoq
2 foam at the mouth
tepa sochi tikka bo’lmoq
3 be all mouth (and no
trousers)
og’izda bor, amalda yo’q
4 run off at the mouth
og’zi tinmaydigan, bo‘lar-bo‘lmas gapirish;
og’ziga kelganini o’tlamoq
5
put your money where
your mouth is
Gapiga\tiliga javob bermoq
6 have one’s mouth made up
for smth
biror narsaga nisbatan qaror qabul qilmoq
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7 put one’s foot in one’s
mouth
tilini tishlab qolmoq (og’zidan beixtiyor
biror sir chiqib ketganda)
8 take the bit in one's mouth biror narsa\ishni mustaqil boshlamoq
9 get (pull/take) one’s finger
out of one’s mouth
og‘ziga qo‘lini solib turmasik
10 give somediv a mouthful Qattiq koyimoq
11 (leave) a bad taste in
someone’s mouth
kimgadir yomon taassurot qoldirmoq
12 take the words out of sb's
mouth
kimdir aytmoqchi bo‘lib turgan gapni
aytmoq
13 put words in/into sb's
mouth
kimdir aytmagan narsani aytgan qilib
ko‘rsatmoq
14 get butter out of a dog‘s
mouth
o‘ta mashaqqatli ish haqida
15 born with a silver spoon in
one’s mouth
boy oilada tug‘ilgan bo‘lish, tug‘ilganidan
boylik va imtiyozlarga ega bo‘lish
16 Look as if butter wouldn't
melt in sb's mouth
qo‘y og‘zidan cho‘pak olmagan; juda
yuvosh (bo‘lib ko‘rinmoq)
17 live from hand to mouth
bazo’r kun kechirmoq; iqtisodiy jihatdan
qiynalib yashamoq
18 be laughing out of the other
side of (one's) mouth
(laugh on the wrong side of
one's mouth or face)
xursandchilik uzoqqa cho’zilmaslik
19 be down in (at) the mouth
Hafa bo’lmoq
20 katta ogʼiz yoki ogʼzi katta
Boastful / braggart / show-off
21 ogʼiz solmoq
to ask smb for marriage
22 ogʼizga olmoq
eat, drink or say
23 ogʼziga qaratmoq
hold court; captivate audience
24 olma pish, ogʼzimga tush,
deb o‘tirmoq
to wait for a pie to fall from the sky; to wait
for something to fall into one’s lap; to
expect a free lunch
25 ogʼzining tanobi qochmoq
to smile from ear to ear; to be over the
moon
26 ona suti og’zidan ketmagan Still wet behind the ears; Not yet out of the
nest
27 ona suti og’ziga kelmoq
to sweat blood; to go through hell and back
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28 og‘zi bilan ish bitiradigan
to talk one's way out of something
29 og’ziga siqqanicha
as much as smb wants; to give with no
limit
30 og’zi(ga) tegdi
to get a taste of
Jami: 63 To‘liq muvofiq –15
(24%)
Qisman muvofiq – 18
(28%)
Nomuvofiq–30
(48%)
CONCLUSION
In the languages being compared, we classified phraseological units with
the "mouth" semantic component into three types based on their adequacy: a)
Fully adequate phraseological units (14), b) Partially adequate phraseological
units (19), c) Inadequate phraseological units (30). The fully adequate
phraseological units account for 22% of the total, the partially adequate
phraseological units for 30%, and those with inadequacy in translation for 48%.
The latter two degrees of adequacy can be addressed by finding analogs or
translating them literally. Achieving a high-quality translation is closely related
to the human (translator) factor, requiring not only linguistic knowledge but
also a deep understanding of the history, culture, and etymology of the
conceptual expression tools related to the research object, as well as their
development and functional-stylistic aspects.
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