THEORETICAL ASPECTS IN THE FORMATION OF
PEDAGOGICAL SCIENCES
International scientific-online conference
204
INFORMATION PROTECTION METHODS AND MEANS
CONSIDERING THE LEVEL OF THREAT.
Matchanov Bakhrombek Jumanazarovich
independent researcher of
Tashkent State Pedagogical University
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15718538
Abstract.
In this thesis, information security threats are classified
according to their severity. The effectiveness of safeguarding information is
influenced by its promptness, proactiveness, persistence, and sophistication.
Advanced security measures are employed to ensure that malicious channels for
data distribution are neutralized.
Keywords:
threat, information protection, protection object, information
system, threatening character, modes of action, protective measures, coding,
encryption
The purpose of organizing any information computing systems is to
simultaneously provide reliable information to users' requirements and maintain
their confidentiality. In this case, the task of providing information must be solved
on the basis of protection from external and internal unauthorized influences.
According to the level of threats to information security, they can be classified
as follows:
THEORETICAL ASPECTS IN THE FORMATION OF
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International scientific-online conference
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Acc
or
din
g
to
the
le
ve
l o
f threats to
in
fo
rmat
io
n
s
ecur
it
y,
the
y ca
n
b
e cl
as
sified as
fo
ll
ow
s
Fo
r
an
in
div
id
ual
-
violation of the constitutional rights and freedoms of citizens to search,
receive, transfer, develop, and distribute information;
-
deprivation of citizens' right to privacy;
-
violation of citizens' rights to protect their health from involuntary
exposure to harmful information;
-
threats to intellectual property.
Fo
r s
ociet
y
-
obstacles to building an informed society;
-
hindrance to the spiritual renewal of society, preservation of its spiritual
wealth, dedication, impartiality, and the development of long-standing spiritual
traditions of the country;
-
impeding the promotion of national and cultural heritage and depriving
society of moral standards;
-
creating an environment that opposes the development of modern
telecommunication technologies and hinders the advancement and preservation
of the country's scientific and production potential.
THEORETICAL ASPECTS IN THE FORMATION OF
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Fo
r the
s
ta
te
-
actions against the protection of the interests of individuals and society;
-
opposition to building a legal state;
-
obstruction of the formation of institutions of public control over state
management bodies;
-
resistance to the establishment of a system for preparing, adopting, and
implementing decisions by state management bodies that ensure the interests of
individuals, society, and the state;
-
obstacles to the protection of state information systems and state
information resources;
-
actions against the protection of the country's unified information
environment.
A threat – is an act committed by criminals with the aim of causing material or
moral harm. The categories of threats are presented in the form of a diagram
below.
The methodological approach to information protection forms the basis for
ideas and important recommendations to ensure the confidentiality of
information at different stages. These principles are considered when creating
normative frameworks for information protection and are applied as standards in
the adoption of laws and regulations, with mandatory implementation.
The principles of information protection can be divided into three groups:
legal
organizational
technical
The practice of using information protection systems shows that only
complex information protection systems can be effective. They encompass the
following measures:
legislation
The use of legal acts that strictly define the rights and
obligations of legal entities, individuals, and the state in
the field of information protection.
spiritual-
ethical
Creating and maintaining an environment where
violations of established rules of conduct within the
facility are strongly discouraged by most employees.
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physical
Creating physical barriers that prohibit unauthorized
access to protected information.
administrative
Establishing appropriate privacy, access, and internal
control regimes.
technical
Using electronic and other equipment for information
protection
cryptographic
Implementing encryption and coding techniques that
prevent illegal access to processed and transmitted
information.
software
Utilizing software tools to restrict usability
All information carriers, including physical, hardware, software, and
documentary means, are considered as complex protection objects.
In recent times, information is stored, transmitted, and processed in various
forms of information systems. An information system is an application software,
and sometimes a hardware-software system, designed to collect, store, search,
and process textual or graphic information.
The material foundation for information availability in an information
system consists of electronic and electromechanical devices, as well as
information carriers. Information carriers can include paper, magnetic, and
optical media, as well as electronic circuits.
The main objects of information protection include information resources
related to state secrets and containing confidential information, tools and
information systems (computing tools, networks and systems), software tools
(operating systems, database management systems, application software),
automated control systems, communication and data transmission systems, and
technical means of processing access-limited information (such as recording,
sound amplification, hearing, speech, television devices, document preparation,
and reproduction tools, as well as other graphic, text, and alphanumeric data
processing tools), as well as systems and tools for direct processing of
confidential and state secrets. These systems and tools are often referred to as
technical means of receiving, processing, and storing information.
There are also technical tools and systems located in the area where
confidential information is processed, but they are not part of the main system.
These auxiliary technical equipment and systems include telephones,
communication sound amplification technical equipment, fire and security alarm
systems, data transmission means in the radio communication system, control
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and measuring devices, household electrical appliances, etc., as well as the
building in which they are located.
These components can be considered as a system that includes stationary
equipment, peripheral devices, connection lines, distribution and communication
devices, and power source systems. Technical means for processing confidential
information, as well as the building in which they are located, constitute its
protected object.
Protective actions aimed at ensuring information security can be
characterized by various dimensions, including the nature of the threat, methods
of action, distribution, and the scale of impact.
Depending on the nature of the threat, protective measures are aimed at
protecting data from disclosure, leakage and illegal access. According to the
methods of action, they can be divided into deficits or other damages: warning,
detection, prevention and recovery. Protective actions on the enclosure can be
directed to the area, building, structure, devices or their individual elements. The
scale of protective measures is defined by object, group or individual protection.
Types of information protection are classified into two main types:
firstly
, information privacy, more precisely, according to the type of
protected secrets;
secondly
, on groups of forces, means and methods used for information
protection.
The first group can include the following main directions: protection of
state secrets, protection of interstate confidential information, protection of
business secrets, protection of service secrets, protection of professional secrets
and protection of private information.
The second group includes the following main directions: legal protection of
information, organizational protection of information and engineering and
technical protection of information.
Classification of information protection means and methods.
as a method of information protection is one of the main
organizational methods of data protection in practice, it
limits the number of individuals authorized to
confidential information
Hiding
as a method of information protection, firstly, distributes
confidential information according to the level of
confidentiality, and secondly, limits access to protected
information
Layering
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is one of the methods of information protection, which
means spreading false information instead of real
information about an object
Disinformation
the method of means that the information is divided into
pieces, and the complete information cannot be obtained
through any part of it
Information
fragmentation
its meaning is to protect the rights and interests of the
information owner or information media from traditional
threats and information security threats
Insurance
it is a person, who is an employee of an enterprise or an
organization, who is aware of confidential information,
accumulates a lot of information in his memory, and in
some cases can become a source of information leakage,
and because of his fault, others get this information
illegally
spiritual and
educational
is one of the important methods of information
protection, which allows to obtain information about the
location of confidential information carriers and their
users at any time.
Accounting
is a method of converting plain text into conditional
information using the coding method, in order to hide the
protected information from the adversary when there is a
risk of being intercepted by others during the
transmission of information through the channel
Coding
is a method of information protection, which is often used
when transmitting information by means of radio devices
when there is a risk of interception by an adversary
Encryption
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