5
Volume 04 Issue 04-2022
The American Journal of Agriculture and Biomedical Engineering
(ISSN
–
2689-1018)
VOLUME
04
I
SSUE
04
Pages:
5-9
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2020:
5.
34
)
(2021:
5.
554
)
(2022:
6.
291
)
OCLC
–
1121105746
METADATA
IF
–
7.125
Publisher:
The USA Journals
ABSTRACT
In the article, kiwi (A.deliciosa) is a biologically resorbed fruit of the plant. The biochemical composition of the fruit
contains the enzyme actinidine. This enzyme is needed to break down proteins and facilitate digestion. Kiwi fruit is
one of the richest berries in terms of vitamin C content. Kiwi is a new type of fruit in Uzbekistan, and the exact area of
plantations has not been statistically analyzed, but it is grown in the backyards of amateur gardeners who grow it.
Scan grafting of the Hayward variety of kiwi plant was carried out in 3 periods. The second period was observed on
March 15, when the retention rate of grafted buds was 82% or 13% higher than the period of the first grafting. The
coefficient of variation in terms of welding times was low (V = 6.9%) and the coefficient of mean square deviation was
X = 62.7 ± 3.1. The Hayward variety of kiwi plant has been created by means of grafting.
Research Article
CHARACTERISTICS OF SPRING GROWTH OF KIWI (ACTINIDIA
DELICIOSA) PLANT
Submission Date:
April 12, 2022,
Accepted Date:
April 20, 2022,
Published Date:
April 30, 2022 |
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/tajabe/Volume04Issue04-02
Yakubov Mirdjamil Mirziyatovich
Doctor of Philosophy of Agricultural Sciences (PhD), Scientific Research Institute of HV and V named after
Academician M.Mirzaev., Uzbekistan
Akhmedov Shukhrat Mahmudovich
Research Institute of Horticulture, Viticulture and Enology named after Academician M. Mirzaev, Ph.D.,
Senior Researcher, Uzbekistan
Ruzimurodov Musurmon Dosmurod oglu
Doctoral student, Scientific Research Institute of HV and V named after Academician M.Mirzaev,Tashkent,
Uzbekistan
Journal
Website:
https://theamericanjou
rnals.com/index.php/ta
jabe
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
6
Volume 04 Issue 04-2022
The American Journal of Agriculture and Biomedical Engineering
(ISSN
–
2689-1018)
VOLUME
04
I
SSUE
04
Pages:
5-9
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2020:
5.
34
)
(2021:
5.
554
)
(2022:
6.
291
)
OCLC
–
1121105746
METADATA
IF
–
7.125
Publisher:
The USA Journals
KEYWORDS
Kiwi, Actinidia deliciosa, Hayward variety, iskana graft, botanical, term.
INTRODUCTION
In today's globalized world economy, the issue of food
security is becoming more and more important. This is
one of the problems inherent in the Republic of
Uzbekistan.
Kiwi (A.deliciosa) is a biologically resorbed fruit of the
plant. The economic value of kiwi is that it is less
susceptible to plant diseases, making it possible to
grow ecological or organic crops due to low demand
for mineral fertilizers. [1; 2;].
Kiwi fruit is known for its richness in vitamins. The main
part of the fruit is 84% water. Kiwi is rich in vitamin C,
which is equivalent to 92 mg per 100 grams of fruit.
Kiwi is a new type of fruit for the people of Uzbekistan,
and the exact area of plantations has not been
statistically analyzed, but it can be found in the gardens
of amateur gardeners who grow it.
The soil and climatic conditions are very favorable for
the growth and development of the kiwi plant in the
territory of the Republic. Therefore, when planting
seedlings of kiwi plant and establishing a plantation, it
is necessary to select promising varieties with high
yields and high economic efficiency.
Although grafted varieties do not have a genetic
character (modification variability), young grafts also
produce significant changes. The graft can change the
yield of grafted plants, the beginning and end of the
growing season, their resistance to cold, drought,
salinity, and their morphological and biological
properties. It can also increase and decrease the
resistance of grafted fruit crops to local natural
conditions. [3; 4; 5]
It is impossible to develop horticulture without
creating exemplary nurseries. Fruit nursery determines
the state of fruit growing, the species and varietal
composition of plants in regional, district, farm
gardens. In order to establish a garden in orchards, it is
necessary to grow seedlings of species and varieties
that meet the standard requirements, meet the local
conditions, as well as meet the needs of the population
for wet and dry fruits, and the food industry for raw
materials.
Positive results are obtained if grafted kiwi plant in the
spring. In this case, the plant grows well and increases
its resistance to winter and cold. [3; 4; 5]
7
Volume 04 Issue 04-2022
The American Journal of Agriculture and Biomedical Engineering
(ISSN
–
2689-1018)
VOLUME
04
I
SSUE
04
Pages:
5-9
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2020:
5.
34
)
(2021:
5.
554
)
(2022:
6.
291
)
OCLC
–
1121105746
METADATA
IF
–
7.125
Publisher:
The USA Journals
There is a need to establish a modular plantation of the
Hayward variety of kiwi, in order to scientifically
substantiate the study of the timing of the introduction
of the Hayward variety of introduced kiwi and the
cultivation of quality seedlings for kiwi plantations. The
following research was conducted to select healthy
tubers from the Modular Plantation and to prepare
cuttings for grafting from them and to determine the
welding times.
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Scientific research experiments were carried out in the
field and laboratory at the Scientific Research Institute
of Horticulture, Viticulture and Enology named after
Academician M. Mirzaev. The experimental field is
located at an altitude of 486 m above sea level, the soil
is irrigated technical gray, gray soil, heavy in
mechanical composition.
The reaction of the soil solution has an average pH of
7.7-7.8 and is weakly alkaline. The amount of humus in
the soil is 0.86 -1.20%, the amount of nitrate nitrogen in
the tillage layer is 13.9-15.9 mg / kg, this figure is very
low with the amount of nitrogen in the soil, mobile
phosphorus is 24.7-26.1 mg / kg. kg, on average 201-300
mg / kg with potassium. Groundwater is located at a
depth of 2.5-3.5 meters.
In
the
scientific
experiment,
phenological
observations, biometric measurements and static
analysis of the results were performed. The results
were presented in the “Method and Program for the
Study of Varieties of Fruits, Berries and Nuts” and B.A.
Statistical analysis of Dospekhov's experimental
results was carried out on the basis of methodological
recommendations and requirements. Vaccination of
the Hayward variety of kiwi, introduced in the
experiment, was carried out in three terms, four
repetitions, and observations were made on 10
seedlings in each variant.
RESEARCH RESULTS AND ANALYSIS
The choice of kiwi should be resistant to certain
environmental conditions. Vaccines are grown under
certain environmental conditions, which affect the
formation of their genetic traits.Therefore, in the
cultivation of seedlings should be selected species and
varieties grafts that correspond to the specific soil and
climatic conditions and cross-section of the territory.
The welds should be placed in separate natural areas.
If these are not followed, the seedlings in the nursery
will become thick or sparse and cause different
development of seedlings in the garden.
The good adhesion of grafted grafts to grafts depends
on their affinity and botanical proximity. It is believed
that the biochemical and physiological differences of
the protoplasm of the cells of the grafted components
(symbiotics), the anatomical and morphological
structure of the tissues, different growths depending
on the thickness of the grafted and grafted div,
8
Volume 04 Issue 04-2022
The American Journal of Agriculture and Biomedical Engineering
(ISSN
–
2689-1018)
VOLUME
04
I
SSUE
04
Pages:
5-9
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2020:
5.
34
)
(2021:
5.
554
)
(2022:
6.
291
)
OCLC
–
1121105746
METADATA
IF
–
7.125
Publisher:
The USA Journals
welding durations, barrier of tube systems. As a result,
the incompatibility of the graft with the graft leads to
poor quality of seedlings, a decrease in seedlings in the
area, as well as a decrease in yield.
It is known that a number of environmental factors
influence the retention of buds of grafted kiwi
varieties. It is necessary to choose the timing of
grafting to ensure early entry of the kiwi plant and high
quality and continuous harvest. We therefore set a
goal to study the welding duration. The timing of
grafting the first marathon kiwi plant is being studied.
When grafting a kiwi plant, it is advisable to do it using
the scalpel welding method. In this method, the weld
is cut crosswise relative to its axis. When inserting the
cutter into the weld seam, the hole is cut on both sides
with the tip of a garden knife or a piece of hardwood
so that the cutter can easily fit between it and the
cambium layers of the weld and the weld must be
aligned.
Influence of Kiwi scanning method on quality seedling performance indicators
Welding time
Hold graft,%
Head height
Leaf level, dm2
cm
In relation to
control,%
15\II
81
91
100,0
40,2
15\III
93
82
90,1
37,8
15\IV
76
51
56,1
28,3
Scanning of Kiwi Haywart variety was carried out in 3
terms. On the first 15 February, the weld rate during the
weld period was 69%. The second term was observed
on March 15, when the retention rate of grafted buds
was 82% or 13% higher than the first grafting period. The
third term was the lowest in the welded specimen on
15 April. This figure was observed to be 18% lower than
the first welding time. The coefficient of variation in
terms of welding time was low (V = 6.9%), and the mean
square deviation was X = 62.7 ± 3.1.
During the first welding, the height of the weld was 91
cm. It was observed that the second welding time was
15 cm less than the first welding time. It was observed
that the timing of grafting, in turn, had an effect on the
leaf surface of the seedling.
In the first period, the average leaf area of grafted
seedlings was 40.2 dm2, which was the highest. When
welded in the second variant, the leaf surface was 2.4
dm2 lower than in the first variant. The lowest value
was determined in the welded variant in the third term.
9
Volume 04 Issue 04-2022
The American Journal of Agriculture and Biomedical Engineering
(ISSN
–
2689-1018)
VOLUME
04
I
SSUE
04
Pages:
5-9
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2020:
5.
34
)
(2021:
5.
554
)
(2022:
6.
291
)
OCLC
–
1121105746
METADATA
IF
–
7.125
Publisher:
The USA Journals
CONCLUSION
Kiwi is a rezovor fruit from the biological point of view
of the plant.
Kiwi fruit is one of the richest berries in terms of
vitamin C content.
Kiwi is a new type of fruit in Uzbekistan, and the exact
area of plantations has not been statistically analyzed,
but it can be found in the gardens of amateur
gardeners who grow it.
Scan grafting of the Hayward variety of kiwi plant was
carried out in 3 periods. The second term was observed
on March 15, when the retention rate of grafted buds
was 82% or 13% higher than the first grafting period.
The coefficient of variation for welding times was low
(V = 6.9%) and the coefficient of mean square deviation
was X = 62.7 ± 3.1.
The Hayward variety of kiwi plant has an opportunity
to grow high-quality seedlings by the method of
grafting on March 15.
REFERENCES
1.
Aiba L.Ya. scientific substantiation of the
technology for the production of Chinese actinidia
fruits (kiwi) in Abkhazia. Abstract 2005. 25 p.
2.
Ostanakulov T.E., Narzieva S.Kh. Meva ekinlari er
ostki vaer ustki kismlarining ўsish konuniyatlari.
Mevachilik asoslari. Tashkent, 2010. B. 25-39.
3.
“Program and methodology for the study of fruit,
berry and nut crops” Orel6 Publishing House of the
All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Fruit
Crop Breeding. 1999. S.267-269.
4.
Here E.A. acceleration of vegetative propagation
of healthy planting material of actinidia and
magnolia vine Abstract 2005. 23 p.
5.
Tutberidze Ts.V. biological properties and
economic evaluation of introduced kiwi varieties in
the subtropics Abstract 2004. 23 p.
6.
https://yard.hozvo.ru/Korrektsiyapolaaktinidii-
22382
7.
https://www.actinidia.ru/razmnoszenie.html
