Vol. 3 No. 06 (2021)

This article discusses the effect of gypsum content and seasonal variations on the enzyme activity and respiration properties of bad melioration content of soil in Uzbekistan. Furthermore, this paper provides some datas about their origins and how to eliminate it.

This paper presents purification methods for the analysis of effluents from an ammophos production plant. Chemical analysis of the waters shows that phosphorus slags and phosphogypsum contain harmful elements such as strontium, arsenic, cadmium, titanium and manganese. Theoretical work on the control of ammophos max wastewater. Wastewater was found to contain Ca, Mg, F, S, P, N2 and trace elements.

To study the process of obtaining natural juices from cherry fruit to satisfy people's thirst in summer and to recommend cherry juice to the owner.

The article deals with the basic terms and definitions of oil and oil products, technological processes, their classification, safety requirements, sanitary norms and rules, permissible levels of hazardous substances, requirements for production processes, packaging and labeling requirements. , as well as identification and conformity assessment processes. All of these processes are the basis for the production of oil and oil products and the provision of quality and safety indicators.

The article presents the theoretical foundations of cotton and cotton fibre as the main strategic raw material for the production of quality textiles. It also highlights a brief history of the origin, properties, cultivation, collection and use of cotton. Information about the current state of the world market for the production and use of cotton. It will be argued that quality assurance is a complex problem that requires a lot of effort and responsibility on the part of all participants in the production of textile products. In addition, the methods and results of the study of quality indicators of cotton fibre - as the main raw material for textiles are presented.

The article analyzes the state of development of the viticulture and wine industry in the Republic of Uzbekistan, analyzes the assortment and classification of products, highlights the requirement for the quality standard of table grapes (UNECE FFV-19), elaborates recommendations for ensuring the quality and safety of the wine industry and increasing their export potential.

The article examines the dependence of the yield indicators of wine varieties of grapes on the load on the vine. Low or excessive loading of the tubers has been found to adversely affect the subsequent growth and development of the tubers. In the variant with a load of 80 buds in the Maysky cherniy variety, the highest number of buds was recorded - 65.5%. In the Bayan Shirey variety, the number of buds that grew when the load was 80 was the highest - 74.1%, while when the load was increased (120 and 160) it was 68.2 and 59.5%, respectively.

Experiments were conducted on studying the effects of organic and mineral fertilizers on the growth, development and productivity of cotton in saline soils of the Republic of Karakalpakstan. In practice, the annual norm of mineral fertilizer (N250 P175 K125 kg / ha) was reduced by 25% (N185 P130 K90 kg / ha) and an additional 10 and 20 t / ha of organic fertilizer was used. As a result of  the experiment, when organic fertilizer was used at the amount of 20 t / ha, and mineral fertilizer was used at the amount of N185 P130 K90 kg / ha the growth, development and productivity of cotton were improved and mineral fertilizer was economized by 25%.

Seeded fruits are distinguished by their healing properties, rich in nutrients and vitamins. These fruit storage methods are of interest to everyone. In order to provide the population with fruits throughout the year, it is really useful to know how to store seeded fruits, the main task of food storage is to preserve their physicochemical composition, i.e. appearance, color, taste, as well as nutritional value and other properties.

The article covers studies that cabbage white butterfly is considered a dangerous pest common in vegetable crops and can cause great harm by feeding on more than 10 species of cabbage crops. Also, such pests as cabbage white butterfly, turnip white butterfly and rap white butterfly have been covered in scientific research to prevent the death of up to 60-65% of the crop in cabbage, turnip, radish and radish crops in mammal conditions.

Handalak crops have long been widely used in Central Asian folk medicine. In Central Asia, melons have been used to treat tuberculosis, bronchitis, rheumatism, gout, anemia, heart and liver diseases. In malaria, it was considered appropriate to eat soft-melon. Consumption of melons for medicinal purposes is also recommended in modern medicine.

This article analyzes the synthesis of the Tenebrio molitor protein (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) belonging to a food insect, depending on its nutrient content. Differences in protein synthesis by Tenebrio molitor larvae were shown when wheat bran and flour from the macrophytesLemna minor and Azollacarolina were added. In particular, it was noted that TMO-2 and TMO-6 T.molitor F6 larvae are synthesized on average 31.02% protein in wheat bran, 38.13% in duckweed and 30.87% in azole. It was found that the larvae of variant F6 grown on wheat bran synthesized protein on average 4.79% less than the variant F1 of wheat. F6 larvae grown in duckweed synthesized 7.11% more protein than larvae grown in wheat bran and 0.15% less protein synthesis than larvae grown in azole. It was found that F6 larvae grown in duckweed produce 7.26% more protein than larvae grown in azole. Summarizing these indicators, it was noted that in the body of larvae eating macrophytes insufficient absorption of nutrients, low moisture content in the feed led to their death, egg laying and larvae of variant F6 produced significantly less protein than variant F1. When feeding macrophytes, it is advisable to takeintoaccountits moisture content or add flour based on them to other food sources. It was studied that egg-laying larvae grown on the basis of azole accounted for 38.14%, whereas in duckweed this indicator was 58.38%. It was found that in larvae grown on wheat bran, the percentage of egg-laying is 68.85%. The mortality rate of larvae feeding on wheat bran was 18.22%, in duckweed - 44.63%, in azole - 62.27%, this is due to insufficient moisture in the composition of duckweed and azole (average humidity 3.4-4.2%), relatively high humidity (average humidity 9.58-10.12%) in wheat bran. Survival coefficients of Tenebrio molitor F6 larvae were determined in three different compositions and sources of nutrients with different humidity (wheat bran, Lemna minor and flour Azollacarolina). Tenebrio molitor F6 larvae of the generation of variants TMO-2 and TMO-6 were grown on wheat bran with an average survival rate of 0.79, on duckweed flour - 0.50, on azolla flour - 0.64. It was noted that the survival rate of larvae grown on wheat bran was 15.5% higher than that of larvae grown on azolla, and it is advisable to explain the source not by the protein reserve, but by the amount of moisture in it. It was noted that the moisture content (9.58-10.12%) (protein 15%) in wheat bran was a factor in the high viability of the larvae compared to azolla (protein-27%, humidity 8.2%). Despite the easy protein synthesis in the body of larvae in duckweed flour (protein - 16.1%, humidity - 4.4%) compared to azolla flour, its content is 3.8% lower than that of azolla, due to the fact that survival the larvae in them were lower than in wheat and azolla. Therefore, along with the protein content, moisture is an important factor when choosing a food source. When summing the survival rates of larvae of the Tenebrio molitor F6 generation in the studied nutrient media, the average survival was calculated as 0.96. This means that based on the established ratios of wheat bran, duckweed and azolla flour, it will be possible to create a nutrient medium with a new content, high nutritional value and low cost

This article observed the generative phase of the saffron plant grown in Termez conditions. Based on the data obtained, the daily and seasonal flowering dynamics of the plant were constructed.

Protecting the environment and flora is great vital importance to humanity. It is unfortunate that people misuse nature and negatively affect it. In the territory of our country, as a result of large-scale development of natural areas, the violation of the ecological balance, there is a risk of depletion of plant species, even the world-famous tulips, onions and lilies have completely declined in recent years. It should be the duty of all of us to put an end to the cruel treatment of nature and the plant world, to protect and reproduce natural resources.

In present paper, the monocotyledonous plants of the Surkhan State Natural Reservoir which including 21 family, 80 genus and 208 species were analyzed.

The object of research is the development of compound feed recipes from local oilseeds grown in Uzbekistan. The aim of this study is to introduce a recipe for the rational use of food purposes rich in proteins from local raw materials, as well as to study the physicochemical composition of acclimatized soybeans to increase the protein.

It is emphasized that the role of natural remedies in the treatment of some diseases is invaluable in the process of medical reform. Therefore, large-scale measures are being taken in our country on the basis of state programs to increase the number of medicinal plants and organize their processing said President Shavkat Mirziyoyev. At the suggestion of Mirziyoyev, tasks are being given to establish plantations of medicinal plants in certain regions of the country and process them. During the visit of the President to the Surkhandarya region, these proposals on the effective use of existing opportunities in the region, especially in the desert and mountainous areas, will open a new stage in the work on the cultivation of medicinal plants.

This article aims to study the fauna of the South East region of Uzbekistan in the Lepidoptera category. Initially, representatives of the Pieridae, Plutellidae, Pyraliday and Noctuidae families were taken into account the composition of the species and their parasites. The first observations were made in the Bekabad and Boka districts. Lepidoptera is carried out on the identification of family representatives of the category Pieridae, Plutellidae, Pyraliday and Noctuidae. Many species of representatives of the first Pieridae family were identified.