The article presents the theoretical foundations of cotton and cotton fibre as the main strategic raw material for the production of quality textiles. It also highlights a brief history of the origin, properties, cultivation, collection and use of cotton. Information about the current state of the world market for the production and use of cotton. It will be argued that quality assurance is a complex problem that requires a lot of effort and responsibility on the part of all participants in the production of textile products. In addition, the methods and results of the study of quality indicators of cotton fibre - as the main raw material for textiles are presented.
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International ISO standards for cotton and cotton fibre, according to the methods of research, their quality.