Nitrogen vacancy (NV) centers in nanodiamonds have garnered significant interest for their applications in quantum sensing, imaging, and information processing. However, the ensemble brightness of NV centers is limited by surface-related effects, including surface defects and charge fluctuations, which can lead to unstable emission characteristics. This study aims to enhance the ensemble brightness and stability of NV centers in nanodiamonds through optimized surface composition. We investigate the impact of different surface modifications and treatments on the emission properties of NV centers. By carefully engineering the surface composition, we demonstrate a significant improvement in ensemble brightness while maintaining stable emission characteristics. The optimized surface composition minimizes surface defects and charge fluctuations, leading to enhanced photon collection efficiency and prolonged photon emission lifetimes. These findings provide valuable insights for the design and development of nanodiamond-based systems with improved quantum emission properties.
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