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PUBLISHED DATE: - 30-06-2024
https://doi.org/10.37547/tajet/Volume06Issue06-05
PAGE NO.: - 32-40
ANALYSIS OF EXPERIMENTAL TEST RESULTS OF
CURRENT AND NEW COMPOSITION COLONS
Sarimsakov Olimjon Sharipjanovich
Namangan Textile Industry Institute, professor, Uzbekistan
Ergashev Sharibboy Tulanovich
Namangan Engineerin-Construction Institute, professor, Uzbekistan
Shokirov Khasanboy Tuychiboy o‘g‘li
Namangan Engineerin-Construction Institute, PhD student, Uzbekistan
INTRODUCTION
Large-scale scientific research is being conducted
in the world aimed at improving the technology of
pre-treatment of cotton, including the process of
separating cotton fiber from the seed, techniques
and technology. In this direction, among other
things, the scientific foundations of increasing the
efficiency of the cotton ginning process are being
developed, and attention is being paid to improving
product quality and reducing costs by accelerating
the wide introduction of scientific and modern
techniques and technologies into production.
Increasing the production of finished products
RESEARCH ARTICLE
Open Access
Abstract
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with high added value based on the deep
processing of raw cotton in our republic, improving
the structure of the country's cotton ginning
industry, reducing the cost of cotton products on
the basis of technical and technological
restructuring, and ensuring its competitiveness by
improving quality indicators. attention is paid. In
the new development strategy of Uzbekistan for
2022-2026, including "...rapid development of the
national economy and ensuring high growth rates
and doubling the production volume of textile
industry products" tasks were defined.[1]
In performing these tasks, on the basis of
theoretical and practical analyzes of the process of
separating raw cotton fiber from the seed,
improving the working chamber of the fiber
separator machine and increasing the efficiency of
the ginning process due to it, including improving
the interaction between the seed and the working
surface of the colosnik, and increasing the
productivity of the ginning process due to the
coordination of the speed of the raw material. and
reducing energy consumption are important
issues.
METHOD
After the construction of the new column was
prepared, experimental tests were conducted by
comparing it with the existing SCh 15-32 cast iron
columns. For the experiment, Namangan 34
tezsion, III industrial grade was taken. Practical
research work was conducted in December. We
know that the experiment process depends on the
air temperature. Before starting the ginning
process, the moisture and dirtiness of the cotton
was determined. The experimental research work
of active and content colosniks was carried out and
introduced at the "Chust Elite Seed Farm" LLC,
which belongs to the "Namangan Seed
Development Center" DM, regional administration.
The main purpose of introducing the new design is
to improve the efficiency of the DL-10 gin machine
of the society by filling it with new technologies.
When the 10-saw fiber separating device prepared
for the experiment is working, the cotton is placed
from above. Cotton falls into the working chamber
2, the raw material becomes clean, the process of
cutting and ginning of cotton begins through the
saw cylinder 3, the process is adjusted through the
adjuster 4 for better ginning of the seed with fiber,
then the separated fiber-containing colosnik
passes through the slits 6, and the separated seed
is separated into the content colostrum. 5 falls from
the working surface to the seed collector. [p. 5-62]
1 - working chamber; 2 - saw cylinder; 3
–
brush drum; 4 - condenser drum; 5 - output shaft; 6 -
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compaction rollers; 7 - hopper for fiber; 8 -
columnar grill; 9 - apron; 10 - bar for raw cotton
wool; 11 - ostov; 12 - seed comb; 13 - dough; 14 -
seed comb handle; 16,17 - electric motors; 18
–
guide; 19
–
orientation plane; 20
–
coffin; 21 - seed
tray; 22, 23
–
barriers; 24 - dead trump
Figure 1. DL-10 gin machine
RESULTS
Two identical DL-10 ginning machines were
installed with active and content colosniks, 34 III
type cottons were taken from 7 kg for the
experimental process. A practical research process
was conducted at the same time. Moisture and dirt
levels of the sample taken before transfer were
determined.
Cotton moisture
Cotton moisture is obtained from 40 g of
Namangan 34 III industrial variety, measured
in VXC device and left in the device for 5
minutes. The resulting weight was m=33.84
gr.[5-39-b]
W =
𝑚
𝑡𝑎𝑘
−𝑚
𝑤𝑒
𝑚
𝑤𝑒
∗ 100 − 0,6;
(1)
In this,
𝑚
𝑡𝑎𝑘
−
was taken cotton weight, gr;
𝑚
𝑤𝑒
−
VXC cotton weight from the device, gr;
W- cotton moisture, %;
0,6
–
correction factor for the result of the dryer
According to the above formula, it will have the following value:
W =
40 − 33,84
33,84
∗ 100 − 0,6 = 17,6%.
This value is also shown in the formula. Thus, the moisture content of cotton was 17.6%.
Cotton contamination
Contamination of the cotton detected in the LKM
device. To do this, take 300 g of cotton wool, mix
well, chop and distribute evenly. Divide the resulting
cotton into four parts and mix diagonally. We
measure out 300 g of this mixture and place it in the
LKM device for 3 minutes. After the specified time,
impurities are separated from the cotton wool and
its mass is determined.[5-56-b]
Figure 2. Process for determining cotton contamination
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Namangan 34 III grade of cotton contamination m
= 32.50 gr. Then the degree of contamination is
determined. The degree of contamination depends
on the moisture content of the cotton.
That:
K1 = 1.12 if the contamination is below 7% or
more;
K2 = 0.98 if the moisture content of cotton is below
12%;
K2 = 1.0 These values are obtained if the moisture
content of cotton is more than 12%.
From this we can understand that K1 is obtained
evenly. The degree of contamination is determined
using these data:
𝑍
𝑅
=
𝑚
𝑤𝑒
∗100∗𝐾
1
𝐾
2
𝑚
𝑡𝑜𝑡
;
(2)
In this: m
sep
–
mass of separated dirty mixture, g;
M
tot
–
mass of a prototype cotton sample weighed with a dirty mixture, g;
K
1
–
a correction factor that takes into account impurities remaining in the purified sample;
K
2
–
factor that takes into account moisture in dirty mixtures.
Moisture is higher than 12% because W = 17.6%, K
2
= 1.0.
𝑍
𝑅
=
32,50∗100∗1,12
∗1,0
300
= 12,2 %
So, it was determined that cotton contamination is 12.2%.
Fiber moisture analysis
Fiber moisture content was determined for fiber
from a gin with an existing colostrum. Fiber
moisture is obtained for the fiber separated from
the existing colostrum used in the DL-10 gin
machine. For fiber moisture, 20 g was taken and
measured on a VXC device. 3 minutes will be placed
on the device. The resulting weight was m
we
=17.61
gr. [5-41-b]
W =
𝑚
𝑡𝑎𝑘
−𝑚
𝑤𝑒
𝑚
𝑤𝑒
∗ 100 − 0,4;
(3)
In this,
𝑚
𝑡𝑎𝑘
−
obtained fiber weight, g;
𝑚
𝑤𝑒
−
VXC fiber weight from the device, g;
W- fiber moisture, %;
0,4
–
factor of correction of the result for the dryer.
The value is determined by the formula:
W =
20 − 17,61
17,61
∗ 100 − 0,4 = 13,17 %.
This value is also shown in the formula. So, fiber moisture was 13.17%.
Fiber moisture content was determined for fiber
obtained after installing colostrum of the
recommended composition on a DL-10 gin
machine. 20 g of fiber moisture is collected,
weighed in the VXC device and placed in the device
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for 3 minutes. The resulting weight was m
ch
=17,77 gr
W =
20 − 17,77
17,77
∗ 100 − 0,4 = 12,15 %.
So, fiber moisture was 12.15%.
Seed moisture
The moisture content of the seed is obtained
identically for the seed separated in the existing and
recommended colostrums used in the DL-10 gin
machine. To determine the moisture content of the
seed, 50 g of seed is selected and measured in the
VXC device, and after 4 minutes, its weight was
m
we
=42,82[5-41]
W =
𝑚
𝑡𝑎𝑘
−𝑚
𝑤𝑒
𝑚
𝑤𝑒
∗ 100 − 0,5;
(4)
In this,
𝑚
𝑡𝑎𝑘
−
the taken seed weight, g;
𝑚
𝑤𝑒
−
VXC weight of seeds from the machine, g;
W- seed moisture, %;
0,5
–
correction factor for the result of the dryer.
According to the formula, it will have the following meaning:
W =
20 − 42,82
42,82
∗ 100 − 0,5 = 13,9 %.
This value is also shown in the table, so it turned out that the moisture content of the seed was
13.9%. Therefore, the fiber moisture content for the existing and recommended.W
t
= 13,9% is taken
Hairiness of technical seed
Determination of hairiness is carried out on 200
seeds. During the separation process, small
impurities found in the seed are separated from it.
The mass of 200 seeds is measured, that is, the seed
from the grate of the recommended composition
was m = 21.46 g. The seed from the existing grate
was m = 23.17 g. Loose fibers are manually
separated from each seed and collected separately.
The binding fibers are then separated [5-145-148-b]
recommendation
existed
The taken mass m = 21,46 g The taken mass m = 23,17 g
Free fiber m = 0,02 g Free fiber m = 0,03 g
Mandatory fiber m = 0,08 gr Mandatory fiber m = 0,13 g
Dust m = 0,08 gr Dust m = 0,08 g
M
died
= 21,46-0,02-0,08-0,08= 21,28 gr
M
died
= 23,17-0,03-0,13-0,08= 22,93 g
M
hairiness
= 0,02+0,08=0,10 gr. M
hairiness
= 0,03+013=0,16 g.
So, M
t
= 0,10 g. So, M
t
= 0,16
g
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Determination of mechanical damage to the
seed
50 g is allocated to determine the mechanical
damage of the seed. It is thoroughly mixed in
sulfuric acid until the seed becomes hairless, then
it is turned with wood. Then it is washed in water
and dried for a while. The dried seed is separated
by watching it with a light [5-132-b]
Figure 2. The process of determining the mechanical damage of the seed
Note: We do not count empty seed during counting, because it is considered unsuitable for
seed.
N
vaible
+ N
bro
= N
tot
(5)
In this: N
vaible
–
number of viable seeds, pieces;
N
bro
–
number of broken seeds, pieces;
N
tot
–
total number of seeds, pieces.
To determine the percentage of seed damage in the composition, the following formula is appropriate:
N
bro
/ N
total
*100%; (6)
recommendation
existed
The number of broken seeds is 32
The number of broken seeds is 52
The number of valid seeds is 386.
The number of valid seeds is 366
So, 386 + 32 = 418 pieces
So, 366 + 52 = 418 pieces
N
bro
/ N
tot
*100% = 32/418*100 = 7,6% N
bro
/ N
tot
*100% = 52/418*100 = 12,4%
1-table
Results of production testing of the Namangan 34 III/1 variety
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№
Specified features
unit
existed recommendation
1
Cotton taken for the experiment
kg
7
7
2
Cotton moisture
%
17,6
17,6
3
Cotton dirt
%
12,2
12,2
4
Cotton processing time
minute
9,50
9,42
5
Separated fiber weight
kg
2,247
2,260
6
Separated seed weight
kg
3,759
3,628
7
Fiber moisture
%
13,17
12,15
8
Seed moisture
%
13,9
13,9
9
Hairiness level of technical seed (for
200 pieces of seed)
g
0,16
0,10
10
Staple fiber length
mm
39
40
11
High average length
inch
1,21
1,25
12
Mechanical damage to the seed
%
12,4
7,4
13
Mass fraction of impurities and
defective compounds in the fiber
%
9,64
dirty
9,44
dirty
1-diagram
existed recommendation
existed recommendation
13.17
12.15
11.2
11.7
12.2
12.7
13.2
13.7
Moisture content of the fiber,
%
12.4
7.4
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
Mechanical damage to the
seed, %
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2-diagram
existed recommendation
existed recommendation
2-diagram
existed recommendation
existed recommendation
DISCUSSION
The second important feature of the grate is the
low factor of friction of the working surface of the
grate with cotton, which reduces the friction force
opposing the movement of the seed separated from
the fiber during operation. As a result, the seed
slides through the colostrum under the influence of
gravity, moves down easier and faster and leaves
the working chamber faster. Therefore, after
installing the new colostrum, the cotton removal
time was reduced, meaning the gin's productivity
increased. In addition, if the saw comes out of the
work chamber faster, it will no longer hit the saw
teeth.
This results in less mechanical damage to the seeds,
which in turn reduces the fiber defect known as
flakiness. Therefore, after installing a new grate,
the mass fraction of impurities and defective
compounds in the fiber content decreased. [6]
CONCLUSION
1.
1. If we pay attention to the results of the
experiment in the tables, the cotton release time is
reduced in the 34 III/1 variety, that is, in the
1.21
1.25
1.19
1.2
1.21
1.22
1.23
1.24
1.25
1.26
Upper average length,
inches.
2.247
2.26
2.24
2.245
2.25
2.255
2.26
2.265
Separated fiber weight, kg
9.64
9.44
9.3
9.35
9.4
9.45
9.5
9.55
9.6
9.65
9.7
Mass percentage of
impurities in the fiber, %
3.55
3.6
3.65
3.7
3.75
3.8
Separated seed weight, kg
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recommended colosniks (8.42 seconds on average)
compared to the existing ones (9.5 seconds on
average), that is, productivity From 0.74 kg/s to
0.83 kg/s, i.e. from 2.664 t/h to 2.988 t/h, it was
determined.
2.
The mechanical damage of seed in
Namangan 34 III/1 variety was found to be 12.4%
in the existing colostrum and 7.4% in the colostrum
with the recommended composition.
3.
Separated fiber weight (from 2.247 kg to
2.260 kg), separated seed weight (from 3.759 kg to
3.628 kg), hairiness level of technical seed (from
0.16 g to 0.10 g), and other positive results were
achieved from practical research work.
4.
A positive change was also found in the
indicators of the mass fraction of impurities and
defective compounds in the fiber, which indicates
the high efficiency of the new colosnik.
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