THE USA JOURNALS
THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY (ISSN
–
2689-0984)
VOLUME 06 ISSUE06
21
https://www.theamericanjournals.com/index.php/tajet
PUBLISHED DATE: - 20-06-2024
https://doi.org/10.37547/tajet/Volume06Issue06-03
PAGE NO.: - 21-23
PROCEDURE FOR TECHNICAL SURVEY OF BEARING
STRUCTURES OF MULTISTORY BUILDINGS
CONSTRUCTED TAKEN INTO ACCOUNT OF THEIR
EARTHQUAKE RESISTANCE
Alimov Хikmat Tairovich
Ph.D., Assoc., Tashkent University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Uzbekistan
Altaeva Lazzat Еrmek qizi
Master's student, Tashkent University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Uzbekistan
INTRODUCTION
The main component of the safety system of
buildings and structures is technical inspection.
During operation, buildings are constantly exposed
to negative external influences. As a result, even the
most durable building objects wear out, which
leads to a decrease in the load-bearing capacity of
the constituent elements. To determine the
condition of structures, prevent emergency
situations and extend the service life of buildings, it
is necessary to conduct special studies.
Technical inspection of buildings and structures is
a complex of multi-level studies, including control
and analysis of building structures for their actual
technical condition. Based on the results of the
technical inspection, the possibility of further safe
operation of the buildings, the feasibility of
reconstruction or major repairs, or making other
decisions on the facility are determined.
The main task of the inspection is to identify
damage that has occurred during the operation of
the building, determine the reasons for its
occurrence and search for effective options for
eliminating defects.
Main part
The procedure and frequency of inspection is
clearly regulated by GOST 31937-
2011 “Buildings
and structures. Rules for inspection and
monitoring of technical condition.”.
In the process of carrying out maintenance of
construction projects, priority is given to the
technical condition of the elements that are the
most important for the trouble-free operation of
the structure.
These elements include:
• soil base;
• foundation;
• roofing structures (trusses);
RESEARCH ARTICLE
Open Access
Abstract
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• columns and walls;
• floors;
• loggias and balconies;
• bay windows,
staircases;
• nodes and joints of load
-bearing structures.
It is necessary to conduct an inspection both for
industrial and public facilities, and for residential
buildings. At the same time, structures under
construction, regularly operated facilities and
buildings whose construction has been stopped for
3 years or more are subject to technical inspection.
The most common reasons for research include:
• determination of the actual state of structures;
• assessment of technical condition after fire, flood
and other man-made and atmospheric impacts;
• before commissioning or demolition of a building;
• before reconstruction, redevelopment or major
repairs; when defects are detected;
• when identifying deviations from design
solutions;
• before purchase and sa
le and in a number of other
cases.
In each situation, maintenance requires a special
approach and attention to various nuances, so its
implementation must be trusted to professionals.
Why is a building structure survey carried out?
The main goal of a technical inspection is to
determine the compliance of the actual condition of
real estate with current technical regulations and
standards. In this case, both the constituent
elements of the building itself and the engineering
systems and communications operating in it are
subject to examination.
During the technical inspection of load-bearing
structures of operated facilities, the following are
subject to identification:
• damage resulting from deviations from the design
or due to design errors;
• defects in t
he construction of buildings,
installation of prefabricated structures;
• damage that occurred due to violations of the
rules of operation of structures;
• damage caused by dynamic and static impacts;
• destruction of individual parts or the building as
a whole after earthquakes, floods, fires and other
natural disasters.
• The technical inspection system consists of
several stages, each of which involves the
performance of certain types of work depending on
the period of operation of the building, the goals
and objectives of its examination.
Preparation for maintenance is carried out in order
to study the problem and includes:
• collection and analysis of design estimates, as
-
built and other documentation available for the
facility;
• thorough
analysis of the results of previously
conducted studies;
• analysis of the customer's initial data.
At this stage, Terms of Reference for the survey and
a program for carrying out research work are
drawn up.
Visual stage
It is carried out to obtain a preliminary assessment
of the technical condition of the object as a whole,
as well as its individual parts.
Visual work includes:
• general inspection of the structure and
identification of visible defects;
• drawing up defect reports;
•
determination of the design features of the
structure;
• taking measurements to draw up sketches and
diagrams;
• performing verification calculations.
After all the work has been completed, the experts
draw up a conclusion with relevant conclusions
and recommendations.
Instrumental stage.
Instrumental studies are carried out in the
presence of significant damage (distortions, cracks,
wall breaks, etc.) and include:
THE USA JOURNALS
THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY (ISSN
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VOLUME 06 ISSUE06
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• carrying out measurements using specialized
equipment and tools;
• testing the physical pro
perties of materials using
non-destructive and destructive testing methods;
• sampling and performing laboratory tests;
• determination of properties and dimensions of
foundations;
• verification calculations to determine the load
-
bearing capacity of the building and its individual
structures.
CONCLUSION
For each object, the list of works is determined
individually. After completing the research,
specialists draw up a defect report and a
conclusion.
A competently conducted study allows you to
timely detect damage and defects that have arisen
during the construction or operation of a building,
and prevent the destruction of structures and
emergency situations.
REFERENCES
1.
GOST 31937-
2011 “Buildings and structures.
Rules for inspection and monitoring of
technic
al condition.”.
2.
S. Yusufkhojaev, R. Yusupov, X. Alimov, J.
Makhmudov, E. Choi, Crack Resistance of
Prestressed Reinforced Concrete Beams with
Wire Rope Reinforcement. Materials, 16, 6359
(2023) https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16196359
3.
Юсупов, Р., Алимов, Х., Хужаев, Д., & Алтаева,
Л. (2024). ДЕФЕКТЫ И ПОВРЕЖДЕНИЯ
ЖЕЛЕЗОБЕТОННЫХ
КОНСТРУКЦИЙ
КАРКАСНЫХ ЗДАНИЙ В СЕЙСМИЧЕСКИХ
РАЙОНАХ. GOLDEN BRAIN, 2(5), 190
-200.
4.
YUSUPOV R.R, ALIMOV Х.T, AZIMOV A.A, &
SAYDULLAYEVA D.Q. (2023). Results of the
Survey of the Technical Condition of A
NineStorey Reinforced Concrete Frame Public
Building. Texas Journal of Engineering and
Technology, 21, 84
–
88. Retrieved from
https://zienjournals.com/index.php/tjet/artic
le/view/4176
5.
KMK 2.01.03-19. Construction in seismic areas.
Ministry of Construction of the Republic of
Uzbekistan. Tashkent, 2019.
6.
Alimov, K., Islomiddin, A., & Ziyodulla, Y.
(2024). SURVEY AND RECONSTRUCTION OF
LOW-RISE REINFORCED CONCRETE FRAME
BUILDINGS. The American Journal of
Engineering and Technology, 6(05), 12-22.
7.
Alimov, K., Ziyodulla, Y., & Islomiddin, A.
(2024).
TECHNICAL
INSPECTION
OF
BUILDING STRUCTURES OF A FOUR-STORY
BUILDING
IN
CONNECTION
WITH
RECONSTRUCTION AND RE-PROFILING FOR A
HOTEL COMPLEX. The American Journal of
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