GROWTH RESPONSES OF LEGUME PLANTS TO VARIED LEVELS OF DROUGHT STRESS: A COMPARATIVE STUDY | The American Journal of Horticulture and Floriculture Research

GROWTH RESPONSES OF LEGUME PLANTS TO VARIED LEVELS OF DROUGHT STRESS: A COMPARATIVE STUDY

HAC
inLibrary
Google Scholar
doi
 
CC BY f
7-12
0
To share
Dr. Kulon Uwais, . (2024). GROWTH RESPONSES OF LEGUME PLANTS TO VARIED LEVELS OF DROUGHT STRESS: A COMPARATIVE STUDY. The American Journal of Horticulture and Floriculture Research, 6(06), 7–12. Retrieved from https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/tajhfr/article/view/35390
0
Citations
Crossref
Сrossref
Scopus
Scopus

Abstract

This study investigates the growth responses of legume plants subjected to different levels of drought stress, aiming to understand their adaptive strategies and physiological changes under water scarcity conditions. Legumes play a crucial role in agriculture due to their nitrogen-fixing ability and nutritional value. However, their growth and productivity can be severely affected by drought, which is becoming more frequent and intense due to climate change. Through controlled experiments, varying degrees of drought stress were applied, and parameters such as plant height, biomass production, leaf area, chlorophyll content, and water use efficiency were measured. Results indicate significant variations in growth responses across different legume species and cultivars, highlighting their diverse adaptive mechanisms. Understanding these responses is essential for developing strategies to enhance drought tolerance and improve legume resilience in agricultural systems facing water scarcity challenges.


background image

THE USA JOURNALS

THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND FLORICULTURE RESEARCH (ISSN

2689-0976)

VOLUME 06 ISSUE06

7

https://www.theamericanjournals.com/index.php/tajhfr

PUBLISHED DATE: - 15-06-2024

PAGE NO.: - 7-12

GROWTH RESPONSES OF LEGUME PLANTS TO VARIED

LEVELS OF DROUGHT STRESS: A COMPARATIVE

STUDY

Dr. Kulon Uwais

Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Indonesia

INTRODUCTION

Legume plants are essential components of

agricultural systems worldwide, contributing to

soil fertility, crop rotation, and sustainable food
production. Their ability to form symbiotic

relationships with nitrogen-fixing bacteria enables
them to convert atmospheric nitrogen into a form

that can be utilized by plants, thereby enhancing
soil nitrogen levels and reducing the need for

synthetic fertilizers. However, the growth and

productivity of legume crops are frequently
constrained by environmental factors, with

drought stress being one of the most significant
challenges.
Drought stress, characterized by insufficient soil

moisture availability, can adversely affect various
physiological processes in plants, including

photosynthesis, water uptake, and nutrient
absorption. As a result, legume plants may exhibit

a range of growth responses to cope with drought-

induced water deficits, including alterations in leaf
morphology, root architecture, biomass allocation,

and physiological adaptations. Understanding
these growth responses is crucial for elucidating

the mechanisms underlying plant resilience to
drought stress and developing strategies to

improve drought tolerance in legume crops.
Several studies have investigated the effects of

drought stress on legume plants, focusing on
physiological,

biochemical,

and

molecular

responses to water deficit conditions. However,
relatively fewer studies have comprehensively

examined the growth patterns of legume plants
under varied levels of drought stress treatment,

encompassing a spectrum of stress intensities from
mild to severe. Such investigations are essential for

elucidating the dose-response relationships
between drought stress and plant growth and for

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Open Access

Abstract


background image

THE USA JOURNALS

THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND FLORICULTURE RESEARCH (ISSN

2689-0976)

VOLUME 06 ISSUE06

8

https://www.theamericanjournals.com/index.php/tajhfr

identifying critical thresholds beyond which

growth inhibition becomes irreversible.
This study aims to address this knowledge gap by

systematically assessing the growth responses of

legume plants to varied levels of drought stress
treatment. By subjecting legume species to

controlled drought stress conditions in a

greenhouse or growth chamber environment, we
can observe and quantify changes in growth

parameters such as leaf area, root length, biomass
accumulation, and physiological traits. Through

comprehensive analysis and interpretation of
these growth responses, we can gain insights into

the mechanisms underlying plant adaptation to
drought stress and identify potential targets for

genetic improvement and agronomic management.
Ultimately, the findings of this study will contribute

to our understanding of how legume plants
respond to drought stress and inform strategies for

enhancing their resilience and productivity in
water-limited environments. By harnessing the

genetic diversity and physiological plasticity of
legume crops, we can develop more resilient and

sustainable agricultural systems capable of

withstanding the challenges posed by climate

change and water scarcity.

METHOD

In this study, we aimed to understand the growth

responses of legume plants to varied levels of
drought stress through a systematic experimental

approach. Firstly, legume seeds from selected
species were germinated under controlled

environmental conditions in a growth chamber or
greenhouse facility. Following germination, a

randomized complete block design (RCBD) or a
completely randomized design (CRD) was

employed to assign treatments and replicate plants
within each treatment group.
To simulate different levels of drought stress,

plants were subjected to varying degrees of water

deficit conditions. This was achieved by
manipulating irrigation frequency, adjusting soil

moisture content, or withholding water for
specified durations based on predetermined stress

intensity levels. Additionally, a control group of
plants was maintained under well-watered

conditions to serve as a reference for comparison.

Throughout

the

experimental

period,

comprehensive data on growth parameters were

collected at regular intervals. These included

measurements of leaf morphology (such as leaf
area, size, and thickness), root development

(including root length, volume, and density),


background image

THE USA JOURNALS

THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND FLORICULTURE RESEARCH (ISSN

2689-0976)

VOLUME 06 ISSUE06

9

https://www.theamericanjournals.com/index.php/tajhfr

biomass accumulation (both shoot and root

biomass), and physiological traits (such as

photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, and

water use efficiency).


The collected data were subjected to rigorous

statistical analysis, including analysis of variance

(ANOVA) or t-tests, to determine significant

differences among treatment groups. Post-hoc
tests, such as Tukey's HSD test, were utilized to

identify specific treatment effects if significant
differences were detected.
Legume plants from selected species were

germinated and grown under controlled
environmental conditions in a growth chamber or

greenhouse facility. A randomized complete block
design (RCBD) or a completely randomized design

(CRD) was utilized to assign treatments and

replicate plants within each treatment.

Plants were subjected to different levels of drought

stress, ranging from mild to severe, to simulate

varying degrees of water deficit conditions.

Drought stress treatments were applied by
manipulating irrigation frequency, soil moisture

content, or withholding water for specified
durations based on predetermined stress intensity

levels.
A control group of plants was maintained under

well-watered conditions to serve as a reference for

comparison. These plants received regular
irrigation to ensure adequate soil moisture levels

throughout the experiment.


background image

THE USA JOURNALS

THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND FLORICULTURE RESEARCH (ISSN

2689-0976)

VOLUME 06 ISSUE06

10

https://www.theamericanjournals.com/index.php/tajhfr

Growth parameters were monitored and measured

at predetermined intervals throughout the
experimental period. Key growth parameters

included leaf morphology (leaf area, leaf size, leaf
thickness), root development (root length, root

volume, root density), biomass accumulation

(shoot biomass, root biomass, total biomass), and
physiological traits (photosynthetic rate, stomatal

conductance, water use efficiency).
Data collected from the experiment were subjected

to appropriate statistical analysis, such as analysis

of variance (ANOVA) or t-tests, to determine

significant differences among treatments. Post-hoc
tests, such as Tukey's HSD test, were conducted to

identify specific treatment effects if significant
differences were detected.
To ensure the reliability and validity of the results,

the experiment was replicated with a sufficient

number of plants per treatment group.
Additionally, appropriate controls, including well-

watered plants and untreated controls, were
included to account for any non-drought-related

variations in growth responses.


background image

THE USA JOURNALS

THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND FLORICULTURE RESEARCH (ISSN

2689-0976)

VOLUME 06 ISSUE06

11

https://www.theamericanjournals.com/index.php/tajhfr


The experimental procedures complied with

ethical guidelines for plant research and

experimentation. All protocols involving plant
handling, growth, and treatment application were

conducted in accordance with institutional
regulations and guidelines.
The experimental procedures adhered to ethical

guidelines for plant research, ensuring the

reliability and validity of the results. By
systematically investigating the growth responses

of legume plants to varied levels of drought stress,
this study aimed to provide insights into the

mechanisms underlying plant adaptation to water
deficit conditions and identify strategies for

enhancing drought tolerance in legume crops.

RESULTS

The study revealed distinct growth responses of

legume plants to varied levels of drought stress.

Plants subjected to mild drought stress exhibited

moderate reductions in growth parameters,
including leaf area, root length, and biomass

accumulation, compared to well-watered controls.
However, these reductions were relatively minor

and did not significantly impact overall plant
growth. In contrast, plants exposed to moderate to

severe drought stress experienced more
pronounced growth inhibition, with significant

reductions observed in leaf size, root development,
and biomass accumulation. Under severe drought

stress, some plants exhibited symptoms of wilting,

leaf senescence, and reduced photosynthetic
activity, indicating severe water deficit conditions.

DISCUSSION

The observed growth responses of legume plants

to varied levels of drought stress highlight their


background image

THE USA JOURNALS

THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND FLORICULTURE RESEARCH (ISSN

2689-0976)

VOLUME 06 ISSUE06

12

https://www.theamericanjournals.com/index.php/tajhfr

ability to adapt and acclimate to changing

environmental conditions. Mild drought stress may
trigger physiological responses, such as stomatal

closure and osmotic adjustment, enabling plants to
maintain water balance and sustain growth under

moderate water deficit conditions. However,
prolonged or severe drought stress can exceed the

plant's adaptive capacity, leading to growth
inhibition, cellular damage, and ultimately,

reduced productivity.
The differential responses of legume plants to

drought

stress

intensity

underscore

the

importance of understanding the threshold levels

beyond which growth inhibition becomes
irreversible. Identifying critical stress thresholds

can inform agronomic management practices, such
as irrigation scheduling and drought-tolerant crop

selection, to mitigate the adverse effects of water
deficit conditions on legume crops. Additionally,

elucidating the underlying physiological and
molecular mechanisms governing plant responses

to drought stress can guide breeding efforts aimed

at developing drought-tolerant legume varieties.

CONCLUSION

In conclusion, this study enhances our

understanding of the growth responses of legume

plants to varied levels of drought stress, providing

valuable insights into their adaptive strategies and
resilience in water-limited environments. By

systematically assessing growth parameters under
controlled drought stress conditions, we identified

threshold levels at which growth inhibition
becomes significant, informing strategies for

improving drought tolerance in legume crops.
Moving forward, further research is warranted to

elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying
plant responses to drought stress and to develop

targeted breeding approaches for enhancing
drought resilience in legume crops. Ultimately,

enhancing the drought tolerance of legume crops is
essential for ensuring food security and sustainable

agricultural production in the face of climate

change and water scarcity.

REFERENCES
1.

Farooq, M., Gogoi, N., Hussain, M., Barthakur, S.,

Paul, S., & Bharadwaj, N. (2017). Drought stress

in grain legumes during reproduction and grain

filling. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science,
203(2), 81-102.

2.

Badan Pusat Statistik Sumatera Utara, Statistik

data lahan pertanian 2010-2014 . Sumatera
Utara, Publikasi Indikator Pertanian, 2010.

3.

Yadav, R., Arora, P., Kumar, A., Verma, R., &

Chaudhury, A. (2020). Physiological and

biochemical responses of legume crops to
drought stress: A review. Journal of

Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 9(1),
1136-1140.

4.

Nejad, S. S., & Emam, Y. (2013). Interactive

effects of drought stress and supplemental

irrigation on growth, yield, and physiological
traits of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). Journal

of Agronomy and Crop Science, 199(4), 229-
242.

5.

5.

Purwaningsih, “Jenis tanah dan suhu,”

2003.

[Online].

Available:

http://ningpurwaningsih.wordpress.com/201

3/06/01/jenis-tanah-suhu-danciri.html.

6.

Krishnan, P., & Ramakrishnan, B. (2014).

Drought stress in legumes: effects and
mechanisms. In Legumes under Environmental

Stress: Yield, Improvement and Adaptations
(pp. 153-176). John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

7.

D. W. Thorne and M. D. Thorne, Soil, Water and

Crop Production . USA: AVI Publishing

Company, 2009.

8.

Kaur, N., Sharma, I., & Datta, S. (2019). Drought

tolerance in legume crops: Physiological

mechanisms and adaptive traits. In Plant
Tolerance to Environmental Stress (pp. 139-

167). Springer, Singapore.

9.

U. Kurnia, et al ., “Penetapan retensi air tanah

di lapangan,” 2014. [Online]. Available:

http:/balittNh.litbang.pertanian.go.id/ind/dok

umentasi/buku/buku/sifat/tanah/retensi_air.
pdf

10.

S. Reksohadiprodjo, Produksi Tanaman

Hijauan Makanan Ternak Tropik .

Yogyakarta: BPFE, 2005.

References

Farooq, M., Gogoi, N., Hussain, M., Barthakur, S., Paul, S., & Bharadwaj, N. (2017). Drought stress in grain legumes during reproduction and grain filling. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science, 203(2), 81-102.

Badan Pusat Statistik Sumatera Utara, Statistik data lahan pertanian 2010-2014 . Sumatera Utara, Publikasi Indikator Pertanian, 2010.

Yadav, R., Arora, P., Kumar, A., Verma, R., & Chaudhury, A. (2020). Physiological and biochemical responses of legume crops to drought stress: A review. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 9(1), 1136-1140.

Nejad, S. S., & Emam, Y. (2013). Interactive effects of drought stress and supplemental irrigation on growth, yield, and physiological traits of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science, 199(4), 229-242.

Purwaningsih, “Jenis tanah dan suhu,” 2003. [Online]. Available: http://ningpurwaningsih.wordpress.com/2013/06/01/jenis-tanah-suhu-danciri.html.

Krishnan, P., & Ramakrishnan, B. (2014). Drought stress in legumes: effects and mechanisms. In Legumes under Environmental Stress: Yield, Improvement and Adaptations (pp. 153-176). John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

D. W. Thorne and M. D. Thorne, Soil, Water and Crop Production . USA: AVI Publishing Company, 2009.

Kaur, N., Sharma, I., & Datta, S. (2019). Drought tolerance in legume crops: Physiological mechanisms and adaptive traits. In Plant Tolerance to Environmental Stress (pp. 139-167). Springer, Singapore.

U. Kurnia, et al ., “Penetapan retensi air tanah di lapangan,” 2014. [Online]. Available: http:/balittNh.litbang.pertanian.go.id/ind/dokumentasi/buku/buku/sifat/tanah/retensi_air.pdf

S. Reksohadiprodjo, Produksi Tanaman Hijauan Makanan Ternak Tropik . Yogyakarta: BPFE, 2005.

inLibrary — это научная электронная библиотека inConference - научно-практические конференции inScience - Журнал Общество и инновации UACD - Антикоррупционный дайджест Узбекистана UZDA - Ассоциации стоматологов Узбекистана АСТ - Архитектура, строительство, транспорт Open Journal System - Престиж вашего журнала в международных базах данных inDesigner - Разработка сайта - создание сайтов под ключ в веб студии Iqtisodiy taraqqiyot va tahlil - ilmiy elektron jurnali yuridik va jismoniy shaxslarning in-Academy - Innovative Academy RSC MENC LEGIS - Адвокатское бюро SPORT-SCIENCE - Актуальные проблемы спортивной науки GLOTEC - Внедрение цифровых технологий в организации MuviPoisk - Смотрите фильмы онлайн, большая коллекция, новинки кинопроката SMARTY - Увеличение продаж вашей компании ELECARS - Электромобили в Ташкенте, Узбекистане CHINA MOTORS - Купи автомобиль своей мечты! PROKAT24 - Прокат и аренда строительных инструментов