HEAT AND DROUGHT RESISTANCE OF SOME INTRODUCED VARIETIES OF ROSES FLORIBUNDA IN ABSHERON

Abstract

The article presents data on the study of 10 varieties of floribunda roses (Anabell, Bella Rosa, Charleston, Eutin, Frisko, Krasnij Mak, Masquerade, Mecta, Regensberg, Rosemary Rose) in the conditions of the Absheron Peninsula. Observations showed that the flowering of roses under these conditions ceases with the onset of intense heat (from 39 ° C to 41 ° C and above) in the second half of July and until mid-August. In the presence of regular watering, varieties differed in terms of water deficit. It was revealed that the water regime of leaves is not the same in different varieties of roses. The absence of watering a decrease in the length and width of the leaf in the studied varieties of roses, and the changes in width are more significant. Relatively low water deficit and lower amplitude of its change, the variety Charleston is characterized, which is possibly associated with a relatively high water-holding capacity of leaf tissues. Studies have shown that actively growing tissues are less stable than old ones and therefore high temperatures cause the greatest harm to the leaves of young plants. This suggests that the indicators of water retention capacity depend on varietal characteristics. In the process of studying the heat and drought resistance of these varieties, it was revealed that the varieties: Masquerade, Bella Rosa, Eutin, Mesta, Regensberg are characterized by the highest water holding capacity and minimal daily loss of water, and the most promising in terms of heat resistance are varieties: Anabell, Bella Rosa, Eutin, Masquerade, Mecta, Regensberg recommended by us for use in landscaping the region, as well as in breeding works.