No. 12 (2024) Volume 06 Issue 12

This study examines the role of personality traits in shaping the higher education preferences of university students. As students face numerous choices regarding their academic and career paths, understanding the psychological factors that influence these decisions is crucial for educators, policymakers, and academic institutions. The research explores how various personality traits, as defined by established psychological models such as the Big Five (openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism), impact students' preferences for different types of academic environments, disciplines, and career orientations. A survey was conducted with a sample of university students across multiple disciplines to assess their personality profiles and education-related preferences. The findings suggest that personality traits significantly influence students' educational decisions, with certain traits being linked to preferences for specific academic fields, study environments, and career goals. For instance, students high in openness were more inclined toward creative and interdisciplinary fields, while those with higher conscientiousness preferred structured, achievement-oriented programs. This study highlights the importance of considering personality traits in guiding students toward educational choices that align with their intrinsic motivations and strengths.

Carbon sequestration is a critical process in mitigating the impacts of climate change by reducing the concentration of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere. This overview explores various carbon sequestration strategies, ranging from natural processes to advanced technological solutions. Natural methods, such as afforestation, reforestation, soil carbon storage, and oceanic absorption, play a vital role in sequestering carbon through ecosystems and biological processes. On the other hand, technological innovations, including direct air capture (DAC), bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS), and carbon mineralization, offer scalable solutions for capturing CO2 on an industrial level. This paper highlights the potential, challenges, and integration of both natural and technological approaches, while emphasizing the importance of a balanced, multi-faceted approach to achieving long-term carbon reduction goals. By examining the strengths and limitations of each strategy, this overview aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the evolving landscape of carbon sequestration and its role in combating global warming.

The introduction of intelligent chargers into the industry is aimed at improving the durability and performance of batteries. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the impact of adaptive and intelligent charging technologies on the performance of industrial batteries. The study used simulation models and field test analysis. The results showed that intelligent memory devices that regulate charging depending on the condition and temperature of the batteries reduce the risk of overheating and extend battery life by 25-40%. Optimizing the charging process improves the efficiency of the equipment, reducing operating costs. The findings of the study confirm that the use of intelligent charging systems contributes to the sustainable and cost-effective operation of batteries, ensuring the fulfillment of set goals and objectives.

Color solutions should be taken into account in interior design because they have a direct impact on the visual, and emotional perception of space. In this regard, the main goal is to study how different color palettes and their combinations affect the perception of the size, shape, and functionality of premises. The methodology included a comprehensive analysis of publications, recommendations, and practical examples demonstrating the influence of color on the perception of rooms. Experiments were also conducted on the use of various color solutions in simulated interiors, which allowed us to identify the most effective approaches to creating a harmonious design.

The results showed that warm shades such as red, orange, and yellow visually “warm” the space, creating a cozy atmosphere and reducing the feeling of coldness, while cool colors such as blue, green, and purple expand the space, adding a feeling of freshness and coolness. Light shades can visually increase the area of the room, making it spacious, while dark colors add depth, and accentuate certain areas of the interior. In addition, the correct use of contrasting, complementary color combinations helps to zone the space, creating visual divisions without the need for physical partitions. The conclusions emphasize the importance of choosing a color palette that can not only emphasize the stylistic orientation but also influence the perception of volume and light in a residential area.

Background: Diagnoses of Eustachian tube dysfunction in Benin City are typically made clinically or with tympanometry. The Eustachian Tube Dysfunction Questionnaire-7 (ETDQ-7) is a scoring system with potential as an alternative tool, particularly useful in resource-challenged settings. This novel tool may not have been previously investigated in this environment for its accuracy.

Objective: The study aimed to compare the diagnostic accuracy of the Eustachian Tube Dysfunction Questionnaire-7 (ETDQ-7) to tympanometry (used as the reference standard) in identifying adult patients with Eustachian tube dysfunction at the ENT clinic of the University of Benin Teaching Hospital.

Methodology: This was a hospital-based, prospective diagnostic accuracy study using a case-control design. A total of 150 study participants were recruited, including 75 case participants and 75 controls. The ETDQ-7 instrument was administered to all participants, followed by tympanometry for each. Data were analyzed using the IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (IBM SPSS) version 26.

Results: The diagnostic accuracy of the ETDQ-7 in the study group was found to be 68%, while in the control group, it was 85.4%. The Area Under the Curve (AUC) for the study group was approximately 0.75, and for the control group, it was approximately 0.80.

Conclusion: The ETDQ-7 demonstrates moderate accuracy for the diagnosis of Eustachian tube dysfunction, making it a useful tool for adoption as a screening method. Its ease of administration, noninvasive nature, and reproducibility make it particularly advantageous in settings where resources are limited. However, due to its moderate specificity, it is best utilized as a preliminary screening tool rather than a definitive diagnostic method.

The aim of this study is to modernize the cotton separation process in pneumatic transport and improve the efficiency of separators. The study examined aerodynamic optimization of separator designs, new types of separator materials and technological approaches in the separation process. The results allow improving the quality and efficiency of cotton fiber production, reducing energy consumption and ensuring environmental sustainability.

This article examines the characteristic features of the short prose of the modern writer Ildar Abuzyarov, whose work represents a unique synthesis of Russian, Eastern and European cultures. The relevance of the study is due to the need to better understand the diversity of cultural interactions reflected in the author’s works, as well as their influence on the formation of characters’ images. The main focus of the work is on the significant historical context in which Abuzyarov’s work develops. Three main types of character nominations used by the author are examined, which makes it possible to identify their connection with three concepts of personality. These concepts, in turn, correlate with the genre paradigm of modern works of art, which creates a multi-layered narrative structure. The analysis reveals that Abuzyarov’s characters not only reflect cultural realities, but also become conductors of deep philosophical reflections on the nature of man, his identity and place in a changing world. The article emphasizes that through the nomination and construction of characters, the author actively works with issues of self-identification, cultural code and intercultural communication. The work is an attempt to systematize and highlight the features of Ildar Abuzyarov’s short prose, focusing on his contribution to the modern literary tradition and the significance of cultural interactions for understanding the literary process.