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ABSTRACT
Thyroid hormones play an important role during pregnancy, providing organogenesis, growth and development of
the fetus, teach in the formation and development of the brain and its structure, influencing cognitive abilities. Thyroid
dysfunction is associated with the pathological course of pregnancy and childbirth, as well as a negative effect on the
fetus. Iodine deficiency, which persists throughout Uzbekistan, creates prerequisites for more frequent development
of subclinical hypothyroidism and hypothyroxinemia of pregnant women. Therefore, early detection of thyroid
dysfunction during gestation in regions of iodine deficiency is relevant. Chronic iodine deficiency leads to a wide range
of pathology, united by the term "iodine deficiency diseases" (IDD). In addition to diseases of the thyroid gland
(thyroid gland), IDZ involve pathological conditions suspended by a relative deficiency of thyroid hormones: violation
of reproductive function, miscarriage of pregnancy, emerging anomalies and stillbirths, replacement of growth and
development of the child, as well as cognitive disorders. Therefore, iodine deficiency is most dangerous at the stage
of intrauterine development of the child and in early childhood due to the great importance of thyroid hormones in
the formation of the structure of the brain and the development of intelligence. Reminders of mild iodine deficiency
Research Article
ANALYSIS OF THE THYROID STATUS OF PREGNANT WOMEN IN THE
IODINE-DEFICIENT REGION
Submission Date:
January 10, 2022,
Accepted Date:
January 20, 2022,
Published Date:
January 30, 2022 |
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/TAJMSPR/Volume04Issue01-08
Negmatova Gulzoda Shukhratovna
Assistant, Department of Endocrinology, Samarkand State Medical Institute, Samarkand, Republic of
Uzbekistan
Togaeva Gulnora Siddiqovna
Assistant, Department of Endocrinology, Samarkand State Medical Institute, Samarkand, Republic of
Uzbekistan
Davranova Aziza Davranovna
Assistant, Department of Endocrinology, Samarkand State Medical Institute, Samarkand, Republic of
Uzbekistan
Azimbegova Sitora Nodirovna
Assistant, Department of Endocrinology, Samarkand State Medical Institute, Samarkand, Republic of
Uzbekistan
Journal
Website:
https://theamericanjou
rnals.com/index.php/ta
jmspr
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
75
Volume 04 Issue 01-2022
The American Journal of Medical Sciences and Pharmaceutical Research
(ISSN
–
2689-1026)
VOLUME
04
I
SSUE
01
Pages:
74-78
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2020:
5.
286
)
(2021:
5.
64
)
OCLC
–
1121105510
METADATA
IF
–
7.569
Publisher:
The USA Journals
in the regions leads to a decrease in mental abilities, mental health disorders and a weakening of the physical
development of the child.
KEYWORDS
Iodine deficiency, pregnant women, thyroid gland, thyrotoxicosis, hypothyroidism, iodine deficiency diseases.
INTRODUCTION
Purpose
: To assess the thyroid status in pregnant
women in regions of iodine deficiency.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A single-center prospective return to the population of
pregnant women registered from June 2021 to
December 2021 in the women's consultation of the 2nd
family polyclinic of Samarkand was conducted. The
investigation included pregnant women 18 years and
older who registered for a women's consultation in the
1st trimester and signed an informed consent for
training in the following. Excluded from the study were
women with a history of favorite thyroid pathology
who receive medications that can replenish the results
of the study (cordarone, X-ray contrast properties
administered during observations 6 months prior to
the
study,
other
medications
that
support
pharmacological doses of iodine above 1000 mcg), as
well as with conditions and diseases that, according to
many investigating doctors, can affect the results. Out
of 350 pregnant women who registered for a women's
consultation within six months, 208 were excluded by
the hairstyle of non–compliance with the inclusion and
exclusion criteria: late treatment (n = 62), thyroid
pathology in the anamnesis (n = 61: subclinical
hypothyroidism – 48, AIT – 4, nodular goiter – 4,
gestational thyrotoxicosis – 3, Graves' disease in the
anamnesis – 2, hemistrumectomy on the occasion of
nodular goiter - 2), cancellation from participation (N =
51), the impossibility of further observation (N = 34).
Thus, 142 women were included in the investigation.
RESULTS
According to the results of medical and biological
monitoring of iodine deficiency in the population of
pregnant women in Samarkand, the iodine promise
improved, as evidenced by the median concentration
of ioduria of 143.3 micrograms / l, the frequency of
endemic goiter was 0.46%. Continuous screening of a
woman in the 1st trimester of pregnancy without a
history of thyroid pathology revealed subclinical
hypothyroidism in 68.16% of pregnant women, the
support of antibodies to thyroperoxidase was
established in 35.5% of women. Study participants. A
survey of 142 conditionally healthy pregnant women in
the 1st trimester was conducted. The average age of
pregnant women was 25.4, 4.1 years (from 18 to 40
years). The average gestation period during the
examination is 10 weeks. The main results of the study.
The results of thyroid pathology screening among
conditionally healthy pregnant women with no history
of thyroid pathology are presented in the table. 1.
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SJIF
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1121105510
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The USA Journals
Nosological form
% (
abs. number
)
Subclinical hypothyroidism
68,16% (48)
Manifest hypothyroidism
7,1% (5)
Gestational subclinical thyrotoxicosis
4,26% (3)
Increasing the level of AT-TPO
35,5% (25)
Nodular oats
5,68% (4)
Diffuse oats
2,84% (2)
According to the survey results, in 87 (61.2%) pregnant
women, TSH indicators were within the reference
values recommended for the 1st trimester of
pregnancy – - 0,1-2,5 An increase in the level of TSH
above the upper limit of the reference interval (2.5
mMU/l) was determined in 35 (24.6%) women, the
average of them only in 13 (9.1%) pregnant women TSH
was higher than 4.0 mMU/l and in 2 (1.4%) diagnosed
manifest hypothyroidism. Robust 18 (12.6%) monitored
mistletoe TSH levels in the range of 2.5-4.0 mMU/l. The
level of TSH content below the reference (below 0.1
mMU/l) was determined in 2 (1.4%) pregnant women
The increase in AT-TPO titers was recorded in 26 (18.3%)
people. Ultrasound examination of the thyroid gland
revealed diffuse oats in two women (1.4%), in four
(2.8%) women, nodular oats were diagnosed during
pregnancy
The median concentration of ioduria (MCM) in
pregnant women was 143.3 [86-290.4] mcg/l, which
corresponds to the optimal iodine supply in this cohort.
From where only 51.3% of pregnant women had levels
of ioduria in the target range; in 2.2%, ioduria exceeded
500 mcg / l; in 46.5% of women, urinary iodine excretion
rates did not reach the recommended level for
pregnant women; no results below 20 mcg / l were
found. A survey of pregnant women showed that only
49% (81) of respondents use iodized salt for the entire
prevention of iodine deficiency in the family. In women
who used iodized salt in households for cooking, the
volume of the thyroid gland was significantly lower
than in pregnant women who did not use it (p = 0.0333)
It was also found that in the 1st trimester of pregnancy,
69.8% (97) of pregnant women used iodine
preparations, of which 46.4% (64) also used iodized
salt, while in the groups of pregnant women who did
77
Volume 04 Issue 01-2022
The American Journal of Medical Sciences and Pharmaceutical Research
(ISSN
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2689-1026)
VOLUME
04
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Pages:
74-78
SJIF
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FACTOR
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64
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OCLC
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1121105510
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Publisher:
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not receive iodine preparations, only 7.04% (10) placed
iodized salt in housewives. The proportion of pregnant
women who do not receive iodine preparations and do
not use iodized salt was 10.5% (15)
Exits
. The loadable problem of iodine deficiency,
widespread subclinical hypothyroidism in the
population of pregnant women, it is necessary to
include a study of the thyroid status in the standard of
observation of pregnant women when they are
registered in family polyclinics for early diagnosis and
timely therapy of hypothyroidism. It is also
recommended to extend preventive measures aimed
at replenishing iodine deficiency, starting from the
stage of pre-gravida preparation.
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Volume 04 Issue 01-2022
The American Journal of Medical Sciences and Pharmaceutical Research
(ISSN
–
2689-1026)
VOLUME
04
I
SSUE
01
Pages:
74-78
SJIF
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MPACT
FACTOR
(2020:
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(2021:
5.
64
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OCLC
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1121105510
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The USA Journals
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