Rheumatoid arthritis in Korean adults: exploring prevalence, risk factors, and age-sex disparities

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by inflammation of the joints and surrounding tissues, which can lead to joint damage and disability. Understanding the prevalence and risk factors of RA, particularly in specific demographic groups, is crucial for developing effective public health strategies and interventions. This study aims to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of RA in the adult population of South Korea, with a particular focus on age and sex differences. Using a cross-sectional survey, we collected data from a nationally representative sample of 1,500 adults aged 20 years and older. Results indicated a higher prevalence of RA in women, with the peak incidence occurring in those aged 50–60 years. The study also identified significant risk factors for RA, including family history, smoking, and obesity. These findings underscore the need for age- and sex-specific interventions to prevent and manage RA, particularly in high-risk groups.