Farrukh Asliddinovich Ismatov, Abdullozhon Abdurasulovich Mustafoyev
Alveolitis is one of the most frequent local complications of tooth extraction surgery, developing 2-4 days after extraction and characterized by impaired healing of the extraction site due to the destruction and/or absence of a clot, the addition of infection and the development of marked pain symptoms of varying severity [1, 2]. The prevalence of this complication is reported to be as high as 35% of possible postoperative problems (3, 5). Several other names for this pathological process - alveolar osteitis, "dry hole" - can be found in the ICD-10 and in the literature. For example, the work of J. Mamoun (2018) provides this description "the unscientific term 'dry socket' is the exposure of part or all of the bone within the socket or perimeter in the day or days after extraction due to the absence of an initial persistent blood clot or if the edges of the socket have not been covered by a layer of viable, dense, regenerating epithelium" [6]. According to clinical experience, these differences in terminology are directly related to the timing and severity of the inflammatory process. Several factors are considered to be the main causes leading to the development of this pathological condition in a dental extraction site: traumatic extraction of the tooth; inflammatory process in the periapical tissues; endodontic treatment and its complications such as fusion zone damage, root perforation; use of resorcinolinum treatment [7]. In addition, risk factors such as gender, smoking and use of oral contraceptives are also important.
