THE USA JOURNALS
THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCE AND EDUCATION INNOVATIONS (ISSN- 2689-100X)
VOLUME 06 ISSUE10
100
https://www.theamericanjournals.com/index.php/tajssei
PUBLISHED DATE: - 30-10-2024
DOI: -
https://doi.org/10.37547/tajssei/Volume06Issue10-11
PAGE NO.: -100-104
HISTORICAL, SCIENTIFIC AND THEORETICAL
APPROACHES TO THE PROBLEM OF
TRAINING FUTURE OFFICERS
Nazokat Shermatova
Lecturer, Department of “Service psychology and professional culture”
Academy of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Uzbekistan
INTRODUCTION
Today, in the center of the military actions taking
place in the region and in the world, the tools used
against the forces of the country and the
operational actions have a diverse and changing
character. requires regular improvement of high
combat readiness, continuous improvement of the
level of professionalism.
After all, the military-professional training of
military personnel is a very important task in
ensuring the effective service of personnel who are
masters of their profession and can fully meet all
the requirements of military service in the ranks of
the Armed Forces. Therefore, from all commanders
and chiefs to perform the most difficult tasks of
protecting our country and people from any
threats, no matter how the enemy manifests
himself, he is ready to deliver shocking, warning
and finishing blows to them, and his military-
professional training requires a very careful and
collective approach to the issue of training
personnel.
The main findings and results
In fact, the purpose of the military-professional
training of military personnel is to show activity in
various branches of society, especially the types of
public service related to the military sector, to be
loyal to the Constitution and military duty, and to
have a high regard for the fate of their country and
people. is to form important features such as
responsibility and accountability. Today, at a time
when the situation in the world is changing rapidly,
and the situation in some regions of the world is
becoming more tense, it is one of our tactical and
strategic goals to think more deeply about the
objective conditions for the development of
military-professional
training
in
military
personnel.
After all, protecting the Motherland is an
honorable duty. The power of a
person’s spiritual
RESEARCH ARTICLE
Open Access
Abstract
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world and moral thinking is manifested in how he
realizes his duty and responsibility to the
Motherland. The history of the country is
decorated with the virtues of bravery, bravery,
nobility, intelligence and loyalty to the country.
According to historical sources, it is not common to
be a hero and show heroism. In particular, heroism
is a willingness to sacrifice oneself for the sake of
high human values and the interests of society, and
it is a high level of selflessness.
The memory of our ancestors who exemplified the
highest examples of such qualities during their
lives is eternal. The issue of training military
personnel for military activity is not only one of the
urgent problems of today, but on the contrary, it is
reflected in the ideas put forward by the
encyclopedic scholars of the East. Yusuf Hamadoni,
Abdurakhman Jami, Firdavsi, Kaykovus, Jaloliddin
Davani, among the encyclopedic scholars of the
East, are distinguished by the fact that these issues
have priority in their scientific and theoretical
views. Yusuf Hamadani and Abdulkhaliq Gijduvani,
among the encyclopedic scholars of the East, call
their students to work hard, acquire a profession,
and study military affairs. In the opinion put
forward by our scholars, each person emphasizes
the need to learn professional skills and
qualifications along with acquiring knowledge.
In particular, it emphasizes that it is an honor for
every person to take up the military profession,
which protects the freedom of the homeland and
the freedom of people [3]. Abdurrahman Jami, a
wise man, said that it is not career and high
positions that decorate a person, but knowledge
and craft. It is known that in the maturity of the
young generation, the need to acquire professional
skills is emphasized. It recognizes that it is a factor
that determines the future fate of a person [9].
In his “Shokhnoma”, Firdavsi appreciates the
loyalty and kindness of kings and soldiers to their
people and homeland, and tries to describe it on
the example of legendary heroes such as Jamshid
and Rustam. Firdavsi described the bravery,
willpower, courage, determination, and heroism
typical of a person in the image of Jamshid. Another
hero of Firdavsi is Rustam. There is no wrestler
who can withstand his power. The main reason
and source of Rustam’s invincibility in battles and
not surrendering to enemies is his love for his
homeland and his people. This love adds strength
and energy to Rustam’s energy and makes him an
invincible hero. He considers it his happiness to
see his country free and free, its people peaceful,
comfortable and prosperous. Rustam is the symbol
of a great hero who sacrificed his life, family life
and happiness for his country and fought for his
people [8].
Kaikovus, one of the encyclopedic scholars, put
forward a number of opinions about the qualities
of a military leader in his work “Qobusnoma”. In
particular, it is said that a soldier or an army chief
should be brave, courageous, able to overcome any
difficulties and show strength, fortitude, and
patience. Kaikovus makes the following points
about soldiers. O child, if you are a soldier, show
kindness to your army, both on your side and on
the side of the king, and create a good image for
them. Always speak good words to the army, and if
you find a piece of bread and a cup of water, share
with them because a piece of bread cannot do what
many dice and swords can do. Always keep the
army happy. If you don’t want them to understand
your soul, you don’t want them to understand your
bread. If it brings you the honor of kingship, keep
your kingship well [7]. Jaloliddin Davani divides
professions that benefit people into three. They
depend on a person’s mental and spiritual
strength, and the first one is related to the human
mind: it includes the ministry profession. The
second comes as a result of education. The third is
professions that are manifested in a person’s
courage and bravery: these are fighting against the
enemy, guarding the border, and others. Davani
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considers courage and bravery to be one of the
positive qualities of a person, he realized that it is
very necessary for young people to acquire such
qualities. He understands passion in a broad sense.
Courage includes humility, gentleness, bravery,
perseverance, endurance and other qualities.
Davani sees courage as a concept that evaluates a
person’s behavior and attitude towards others. If a
person is faced with a danger, he says that he
should hold his own, not be discouraged, not be
forced by failures, and this kind of behavior is
called courage.
He believed that courage should be subordinated
to the human mind: “Courage occurs at the
command of the mind, and it becomes real only
when its goal is to acquire (positive) qualities”. So,
in his opinion, whenever a person acts impulsively,
it must be based on the command of the mind and
necessity. Davani considered the soldiers to be the
bravest and bravest people, because they guard the
state border. That is why they are the most trusted
people of the state. He believes that the king should
support them in every way and provide material
assistance. Some people do things that look like
courage and bravery from the outside. They do the
activity to achieve their selfish goals, for the sake
of their personal interests. Such mischief can never
be classified as passion. He contrasts cowardice
with courage. Some people avoid difficulties and
think of a way to live an easy life. Davani considers
such people to be heartless and infamous and
criticizes them harshly [6]. It is known from history
that when our country faced difficult and trying
days, brave children who were able to protect its
freedom and peace stood up against the evil. The
names and courage of brave, brave, patriotic great
generals such as Amir Temur, Jaloliddin
Manguberdi, Zahiriddin Muhammad Bobur have
become legends in languages. Although centuries
have passed, their heroism will live forever in the
hearts of our people and serve as an example for
every compatriot. The President of the Republic of
Uzbekistan, the Supreme Commander-in-Chief of
the
Armed Forces, Sh.M. Mirziyoyev, “The ancient
history of our nation in the implementation of
measures aimed at further strengthening military-
patriotic and moral-moral education of military
personnel, it is important to deeply study the
legacy of our great ancestors and their
contribution to the development of military art”
[9]. Therefore, the rich spiritual heritage of our
people, the heroism and bravery of our ancestors
can be a vivid example of improving the military-
professional training of future officers in higher
military educational institutions. It is known that
Amir Temur mainly followed the system of tens,
hundreds, and thousands, which was popular in his
time, when forming the army. The lowest level of
his army was made up of tens, and the highest level
was the sipah led by Amir ul-Umara. At the very
top, he alone commanded with unlimited
authority. The most important thing is that when
organizing the army, Amir Temur chooses the
commanders of the tenth, centurion, and thousand.
Amir Temur says abo
ut this: “I followed three rules
when creating a cherik: firstly, I paid attention to
the strength of the young man, secondly, to his
ability to play with a sword, and thirdly, to his
intelligence and maturity. If I have all these three
qualities, I will b
e hired as a servant...”. In this
regard, Amir Temur narrates the rule of electing
the selected navkars as leaders as follows: “I
ordered that when ten men who had worked hard
from the original soldiers and were hardened by
fighting gathered, whichever one of them had more
courage, bravery, and more, with the consent and
approval of the other nine, let them elect a leader
and call his horse ten heads”. It can be seen that
Amir Temur follows a certain natural competence
in forming his army. When choosing each fighter,
he pays attention to the fact that his bones have
hardened in battles. And the most important thing
is that, as their leader, he appoints the bravest and
bravest warrior from among them as the leader
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based on the consent of the remaining nine. Here,
Amir Temur focuses on the skill of the soldier in
commanding the army [4]. After all, when talking
about the heroes of the Uzbek people, the First
President Islam Karimov in his work “High morale
-
invincible power” wrote: “In the heroism of
Najmiddin Kubro, who died defending the flag of
Urganch from invaders, there is no doubt that in
the fighting spirit of Jaloliddin Manguberdi, who
fought valiantly for eleven years against the army
of Genghis Khan, who invaded the world like a
flood, and in the creative potential of our
grandfather, who freed our country from invaders
and built a great state, the sense of courage gained
great and priority importance” had emphasized
[2].
It is worth noting that the name of Ustod Aliquli - a
master cannon maker, appears frequently in the
pages of “Boburnoma” from 1525, when Z. Bobur
lived. Later, Bobur added a weapon named
“zarbzan” mounted on carts to his military
weapons. The fact that gunfire, cannons, and
mortars frightened the enemy soldiers further
increased Bo
bur’s desire to implement new ideas,
and together with the master of this work, Ustod
Aliquli, he began to create the first sample of a
completely new weapon - artillery armor. It is very
instructive that Bobur carried out a patient,
enduring, continuous search until he completed
this work. This sentence refers to the weapon that,
according to the order of Zahiriddin Muhammad
Bobur, should be made and implemented within a
certain period of time before a very responsible
battle. Together with Ustod Aliquli, he conducts
long research on making the perfect ball. Finally,
they manage to make the ball, after all the
preparations, they test the ball. This device would
throw a stone a mile and a half, or as Bobur wrote,
“six hundred paces” The first experiment fail
ed.
Despite this, Bobur believed in the results of the
work he had started, lifted Ustod Aliquli out of a
very awkward situation, cheered him up, and even
gave gifts. This, in turn, shows Bobur’s attitude
towards the creative person, and his deep
understanding of the need for patience to create
something new. Bobur shows his meticulousness
in this regard in two respects: firstly, he accurately
determines the distance of the cannon target,
because it depended on the main quality of the
weapon - how far the bullet could reach. Secondly,
his gift to Ustod Aliqul was a gift given only to the
most meritorious and attentive people, which also
shows how much Bobur paid attention to this
matter. The master, who received a reward instead
of a punishment, uses all his abilities, finds a defect
in the ball being tested in the experiment, and
hurries to convey this news to Bobur. Bobur
praises the fact that the master recognized the
defect in the ball in a short period of time and felt
it was his duty to immediately inform the army
commander about this issue. This explains why
Ustod Aliquli hurried to convey his joy to the king
about the integrity of this delicate piece of armor.
Bobur’s long research with Ustod Aliquli on
making the perfect cannon gave its high result and
created an unprecedented artillery cannon capable
of accurately hitting a target up to 1500-2000
meters away[5]. From the above, it can be seen that
military activity, fighting spirit, career choice,
career orientation, professional quality and
activity are important factors. Especially in the
heritage of our scholars, the issue of choosing a
profession and professional qualities serves as a
program for the formation of a future specialist.
After all, the training of a military specialist is a
task of state importance. He is notable for his
understanding of the moral foundations of society
and his commitment to ensuring their unity with
the traditions of the army.
CONCLUSION
Therefore, the main attention of Eastern thinkers
was, on the one hand, to increase the strength of
the troops, to improve their military and
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professional training, to maintain the integrity and
security of the country, and on the other hand, to
educate moral, moral and ideological qualities in
the army. Today, the opinions and opinions of our
scholars serve as an important factor in
strengthening the military potential of our country,
increasing the military-professional training and
combat readiness of military personnel, and
instilling in them high military-professional
qualities, including heroism, bravery, courage, and
perseverance.
REFERENCES
1.
Decree of the President of the Republic of
Uzbekistan dated August 4, 2018 “On the
radical improvement of the system of
raising the moral and educational level of
the military personnel of the Armed Forces
of the Republic of Uzbekistan” decision No.
PQ-3898.
2.
Karimov I.A. The work “High spirituality is
an invincible power”.
- Tashkent:
Ma’naviyat publishing house, 2008.
- 176 p.
3.
Yusuf Hamadani and Abdulkhaliq Gijduvani,
creativity and traditions. Tashkent. Union of
Writers of Uzbekistan. “Literary Fund”
2001. pp. 138-139.
4.
Timur’s rules.
- Tashkent: Literary and Art
Publishing House named after Gafur
Ghulam, 2016. - 72 p.
5.
Pirimqul Qodirov. “Yulduzli tunlar”.
Editorial
office
of
Ilm-Ziyo-Zakovat
publishing house. - Tashkent: 2020. - 592 p.
6.
Koldunov, S.A. Shooting simulators: instead
of a bullet - a laser beam / S.A. Koldunov. -
St. Petersburg, 1998. - 128 p.
7.
Kaikovus. “Qobusnoma”. –
Tashkent:
“Inheritance”. 1992.
- 173 p.
8.
Fird
avsi. “Shokhnoma”. The first book.
Tashkent, 1975, 734 p.
9.
Abdurakhman
Jami
“Ma’naviyat”.
-
Tashkent: - 1998. - P. 52
