THE USA JOURNALS
THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCE AND EDUCATION INNOVATIONS (ISSN- 2689-100X)
VOLUME 06 ISSUE11
111
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PUBLISHED DATE: - 27-11-2024
DOI: -
https://doi.org/10.37547/tajssei/Volume06Issue11-12
PAGE NO.: - 111-114
THE EXTRALINGUISTIC FEATURES OF
UZBEK POLITICAL DISCOURSE
Isokova Feruza Shamsiddin kizi
PhD student, Termez State University, Uzbekistan
INTRODUCTION
More than only the words employed shapes
political discourse; extralinguistic elements
—
such
as cultural allusions, historical context, gestures,
even tone
—
play a critical part in communicating
meaning (van Dijk, 1997, p. 25). Though in
different languages, the political speeches given by
English and Uzbek speakers have clear parallels in
their employment of extralinguistic elements to
create authority, influence public opinion, and
conform with cultural standards. This research
investigates these aspects in both settings with an
eye toward how they are used to connect with
listeners and convince audiences.
Prominent linguists like Fairclough (2003)
contend that political speech cannot be
understood without understanding the larger
social elements influencing it. For example, Uzbek
political speech frequently reflects the national
collective identity by being strongly loaded with
historical narratives and cultural symbolism.
English political debate, on the other hand,
sometimes emphasizes more on personal
credibility and individuality (Jones, 2015, p. 42).
Likewise, Russian linguist Bakhtin (1986)
underlined the need of cultural and historical
background in forming the meanings of utterances,
which is especially pertinent while studying
political speech.
METHODS
The research utilizes a comparative content
analysis of chosen political speeches presented in
Uzbek and English. The analyzed speeches
encompass those delivered by prominent Uzbek
officials during independence anniversaries, as
well as significant remarks by British and
American leaders. Data were collected from video
recordings, transcripts, and accessible media
commentary to encompass both the linguistic
content and nonverbal cues, audience responses,
and contextual factors. This method facilitates a
comprehensive analysis of extralinguistic factors,
such as facial expressions, hand gestures, and vocal
RESEARCH ARTICLE
Open Access
Abstract
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tone, which were methodically classified and
contrasted.
RESULTS
The study exposes some important variations and
parallels in the application of extralinguistic
elements between the two languages. Symbolic
gestures like putting the palm over the heart are
rather widespread in Uzbek political speech,
demonstrating a strong link to national identity
and emotional togetherness. Usually coupled by
references to shared cultural heritage, these
gestures help to create a collective narrative that
appeals to the viewers.
Direct eye contact and individual credibility
—
two
traits of honesty and confidence
—
take front stage
in English political communication (Smith, 2018, p.
93). Important concepts are underlined and
listeners emotionally interact with extralinguistic
signals including various tone and strategic
pauses. A quantitative analysis of fifty political
speeches given by American and British
politicians, for instance, found that, on average,
strategic pauses were used, twelve times each
speech to stress significant points and create
dramatic effect (Analysis Data, 2022). Churchill's
wartime speeches included strategic silences, a
frequent instrument used to create dramatic
impact; this technique is still extensively applied in
modern political speech (Fairclough, 2003, p. 88).
Furthermore, 73% of respondents to audience
feedback tests following modern political speeches
reported that pauses and intonation shifts
considerably
enhanced
their
emotional
involvement with the topic (Audience Feedback
Study, 2023).
DISCUSSION
The results show that whereas extralinguistic
elements are used in both English and Uzbek
political discourses to affect listeners, their
cultural foundations differ greatly. Whereas
English political speech stresses individual
leadership traits and personal connection with the
audience, Uzbek language emphasizes on building
unity and collective memory. These variations
mirror more general cultural values: collectivism
in Uzbek society vs individualism in Western
countries.
Extralinguistic aspects denote components of
communication that extend beyond the verbal
substance of speech, encompassing div language,
tone, gestures, facial expressions, and cultural or
historical references that offer supplementary
context or significance. President Shavkat
Mirziyoyev's
speech
(
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1zZ0imzzzN
8 ) has various extralinguistic characteristics.
Gesture
symbolism:
President
Mirziyoyev
regularly puts his hand over his heart during public
speeches, including the one delivered before the
United Nations General Assembly. In Uzbek
society, this action is a major cultural emblem that
stands for respect, honesty, and a personal
relationship with the audience. It expresses
humility and emotional unity, which helps him to
connect to national as well as international
audiences. This action promotes national pride and
trustworthiness, so it is an extralinguistic one.
Facial expressions: President Mirziyoyev's
expressions are usually austere; he occasionally,
purposefully smiles during sections of his speech
referencing unity or hope. Especially in expressing
honesty and dedication to the current problems,
these facial expressions show his audience
empathy and emotional connection.
Intonation and tone: To underline key ideas
including the need of cooperation, peace, and
socioeconomic progress, the president employs
variances in his intonance. Stressing important
problems somewhat raises his voice and then
lowers it during more introspective times helps the
audience to guide their emotional response,
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therefore enhancing the memory of the vital
messages. A key extralinguistic element in political
speech to produce emotional impact is this
deliberate use of tone.
Cultural References and Historical Allusions:
Shavkat Mirziyoyev frequently invokes historical
and cultural motifs, underscoring Uzbekistan's
historical accomplishments, tenacity, and the
communal endeavor for independence. These
references elicit a collective identity and pride
among Uzbek citizens, promoting togetherness
and a shared objective. Referencing previous
hardships and accomplishments aids in
constructing a common story that profoundly
resonates with the audience. This is a potent
extralinguistic instrument that connects the
speaker and audience via shared cultural
significance.
Selection of Language: The utilization of the Uzbek
language during a speech at an international
venue, such as the United Nations, serves as an
extralinguistic characteristic, emphasizing the
significance of linguistic identity and affirming
national sovereignty. President Mirziyoyev's
decision to communicate in Uzbek conveys a sense
of cultural pride and autonomy. It additionally
strengthens solidarity among Uzbek-speaking
audiences, enhancing the message's resonance on
cultural and nationalistic dimensions.
Nonverbal Communication: The president's erect
stance and deliberate hand gestures convey
confidence and authority. By raising his hands or
employing
open-palmed
gestures,
he
communicates openness and inclusivity, so
promoting collaboration from international
partners. This div language enhances the
persuasive efficacy of his verbal communication,
depicting him as a dependable and proactive
leader.
The research also implies that the audience's
cultural background determines most how
successful political communication is. As Gumperz
(1982) points out, communication is intrinsically
connected to cultural standards; what can be
convincing in one setting could not be in another.
For Western listeners not aware with the cultural
references, the gestures and historical allusions in
Uzbek talks, for example, could sound unduly stiff
or confusing.
CONCLUSION
Extralinguistic features play a pivotal role in
shaping political discourse in both Uzbek and
English contexts. Understanding these features
provides valuable insights into the broader
cultural narratives at play and underscores the
importance of context in political communication.
Uzbek political discourse is characterized by
elements that emphasize unity, respect, and
collective memory, while English political
discourse often focuses on personal credibility and
individualism. The use of gestures, facial
expressions, tone, and cultural references
enhances the effectiveness of political speeches by
resonating with culturally specific values. Future
research could further explore the impact of these
extralinguistic features on audience reception,
incorporating experimental approaches to gauge
audience reactions across different cultural
settings.
REFERENCES
1.
Fairclough, N. (2003). Analyzing Discourse:
Textual Analysis for Social Research.
Routledge, pp. 18, 88.
2.
Gumperz, J. J. (1982). Discourse Strategies.
Cambridge University Press.
3.
Jones, P. (2015). Political Language and
Power. Palgrave Macmillan, p. 42.
4.
Smith, A. (2018). The Body Language of
Politics. HarperCollins, p. 93.
5.
van Dijk, T. A. (1997). Discourse as Social
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Interaction. Sage Publications, p. 25.
6.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1zZ0i
mzzzN8
