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СЕКЦИЯ №
4.
Психологические науки
MOTIVATIONAL DETERMINANTS OF YOUTH INVOLVEMENT IN
FITNESS PRACTICES
Khasanova Nozimakhon Abdugafur qizi
Alfraganus University
Teacher, Pedagogy and Psychology Department
Dekhkonboeva Zulaikho Dilshod qizi
Alfraganus University
Teacher, Pedagogy and Psychology Department
Introduction
Everyone knows that since ancient times, physical activity has been an
instinctive need of the div. The Center of Public Opinion Research “Ijtimoiy fikr”
conducted a sociological survey on the topic “Sport: opinions, attitudes, problems
an
d development prospects”, this study showed that 60.6% of the respondents
regularly go in for sports. In Uzbekistan, over the past 5 years, great emphasis has
been placed on the development of the younger generation, health promotion,
and a healthy lifestyle. Thus, 2021 was declared, "The Year of Supporting Youth
and Improving the Health of the Population."
In most cases physical activity is associated with health, a healthy lifestyle,
and physical and spiritual perfection. However, it is not enough to talk only about
the physiological component, because physical activity is a so-called bridge
between the individual and society, between self-awareness of oneself and self-
identification in society.
Nowadays, there is a growing interest in the beauty, health, and sports
industries. In a narrow sense, fitness is an activity aimed at improving physical
performance to an optimal level and maintaining this level, as well as the
formation of vital and sports-oriented skills. It is assumed that dissatisfaction
with one's own div, cultural characteristics, and the cult of modern beauty
standards are a predictor of destructive involvement in fitness practices.
The purpose
of this article is to provide a deeper scientific and research
understanding of the psychological mechanisms of involvement in fitness
practices by discussing the results of research on motivational and personal
determinants of involvement in fitness practices and considering the data of
empirical measurement of attitude to the div and self-assessment of the div
image of the Self.
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Literature review
In psychological science, questions of physical activity are revealed through
the concepts of attitude to sports, physical culture, and involvement in the culture
of fitness. In discussing fitness culture, they emphasize the positive (constructive
physical activity) and negative (race for new beauty standards, eating disorders)
features of its impact on the mental health of the individual.
In psychology, the methodological basis of research on the issue of
corporeality is the cultural and historical theory of L. S. Vygotsky, which
contributed to a qualitative change in the general ideas about human bodily
development in both normal and abnormal currents. The implementation of the
principles of the cultural-historical approach involves the study of psychological
phenomena in a culturological context. There is a possibility that deviation from
the cultural path of development is one of the main sources of psychological
disorders of div image, as well as psychosomatic disorders.
O.A. Skogarevsky notes in his works that “the phenomenon of div image is
a kind of stable integrative socio-psychological phenomenon, which includes:
dissatisfaction with one's own div (for example, a feeling of fullness); the
overvalued nature of experiences about the div (for example, the most
significant determinant of self-
esteem); fear of fullness”.
The cult of modern beauty standards has led to the development of the
phenomenon of div shaming in modern society, which can result in the
emotional maladaptation of the individual. Body shaming is self-criticism or
criticism of others because of certain aspects of appearance that are fraught with
a vicious cycle of judgment and criticism.
The fitness cult is gaining momentum and at the same time the concept of a
“healthy div” is developing, but the craving for “unhealthy” div evaluation is
also increasing. This constant race for new standards of beauty leads to serious
health problems, and sometimes even the destruction of mental health, so against
its background, an eating disorder, a decrease in self-esteem, and a negative
assessment of one's self can develop.
To study self-esteem in native and modern studies, they rely on the concepts
of consciousness and self-consciousness, which were presented by L.S. Vygotsky,
S.L. Rubinshtein, A.N. Leontiev. In the works of native researchers, self-esteem is
often considered as a component of a person's self-consciousness, so the most
important procedural characteristics and the main mechanisms of self-
knowledge are identification and reflection. These processes are closely related
to the formation and functioning of a person's self-esteem. Identification is an
important basis for the process of formation of identity and self-awareness, and
hence the condition for the emergence of a person's self-esteem. In addition,
according to the views of L.S. Vygotsky, the ability to “determine the way of life
and behavior, change our actions, direct them and free them from the power of a
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particular si
tuation” allows reflection, the processes of which undoubtedly
include self-consciousness and its result - self-esteem.
More often in situations where self-esteem does not find a core in society,
when others give a lower assessment in comparison with which a person gives
himself and one of the fundamental needs is not satisfied - the need for respect,
the feeling of personal discomfort increases significantly.
So, according to the activity approach of A.N. Leontiev, the psyche and
activity are closely related to each other, so the psyche cannot be considered apart
from activity, and activity apart from the psyche. Individual mental phenomena
are manifested in activity. Personal characteristics engaging in fitness practices
should be taken into account in individualization and acceptance of one's div
image.
The concept that fitness practices give a person physical development has a
place to be, however, the dynamics of the development of fitness fascism should
be taken into account. The question of studying inadequate involvement in the
modification of one's div and the pursuit of beauty standards becomes more
extensive due to its growth dynamics among the population. Non-acceptance of
one's div image and low self-esteem are compelling predictors of
disharmonious personality development.
V. Nikolaeva notes that physicality turned out to be "theoretically invisible"
for psychology, despite its obvious nature. Declaring the psychosomatic unity of
man, psychology deals mainly with the phenomena of consciousness, higher
mental activity, and physicality remains for it an alien, naturally organized and
naturally ready-to-live quality. The concept of "corporeality" is used as a
psychological opposition to the identity of "div-organism", and the phenomena
of corporeality are considered as manifestations of communication and self-
expression stereotypes (NikolaevaV.V.,Arina G.A 1996, p.12).
The most important element of the prosperity of a modern state is, first of
all, a healthy nation. Undoubtedly, the interest of modern youth in maintaining a
healthy lifestyle, in sports and a healthy lifestyle gives the right to draw a
conclusion about a harmoniously developing generation. Innovative rhythms of
life place high demands on the individual for the successful development of
physical and spiritual qualities.
Conclusions and prospects of the research
Thus, leading in the structure of the cognitive component of involvement in
fitness practice is the participants' understanding of the consequences of lack of
fitness in life, emotional
–
negative experiences from irregular classes and
skipping training, behavioral-independent planning of the training program and
ensuring the regularity of fitness classes. The level of involvement in fitness
practices depends on the characteristics of div satisfaction and self-attitude.
This study does not claim to cover fully the problem of studying this topic, but is
of a search nature. We believe that the problem under study has broad prospects
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for further scientific and empirical development and necessarily raises new
questions related to the search for psychological (motivational-personal and
socio-psychological) targets for conducting psychoeducational work with people
with destructive involvement in fitness or with people with insufficient
motivation for physical activity in order to maintain health.
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