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AUTOMATION AT THE RAILWAY STATIONS OF UZBEKISTAN AND
TELEMECHANICS RELAY THE EXPERIENCE OF USING SYSTEMS ANALYTICAL
ANALYSIS
Joʻrayev Javoxirjon Farxodjon o‘g‘li
Ametova Elnara Kuandikovna
Tashkent State transport University, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13860099
ANNOTATION
The article provides that electromagnetic relays with second-class reliability are very
problematic to continue using in control systems, a number of their disadvantages include the
large size of high energy consumption, wear and tear, as well as the possibility of causing
failures in railway automation and telemechanics systems. In addition electromagnetic relays
are replaced by the importance of using programmable logic controllers (PLCs) that meet
modern world industrial standards-that is, their economic efficiency, the presence of such
capabilities as monitoring, archiving.
Key words:
railway transport, electromagnetic relay, PLC, electrical centralization
(EM), microprocessor centralization CBI.
Today, among the transport industries, rail transport is important in the transportation
of large quantities and large volumes of goods. Automation and telemexalika systems, which
organize the transportation process in rail transport, are manan and physically outdated,
halakit the transportation process for stable growth and cannot perform high loading.
Therefore, the Railways of Uzbekistan today should develop in parallel on two main lines: the
modernization of existing lines and the construction of new lines, in which, in both cases, the
transition to a new generation of automation and telemechanics systems remains one of the
prerequisites for construction.
In the near future, it is planned to completely replace electrical centralization systems
(EM in the next place) with modern microprocessor centralization (CBI in the next place)
systems, which are superior to existing relay EM Systems in use by several times the
functional capacity. One of the main ones of this possibility is constant and continuous
archiving, in which all commands carried out by the station watchman and warnings about
existing system failures are automatically stored on the main servers.
The railway will be seen at the stations on the scale of the directorates directly involved
in the process in the analysis of the breakdown distribution (table 1) of the devices organizing
the transportation process in 2021-2023.
Distribution of device breakdowns along Uzbekistan's railways in 2021-2023
Table 1
Naming
Number of layoffs by year
2021
2022
2023
SMB and contact department
135
122
127
Road department
91
67
78
Electr supply department
67
53
64
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Transportation organize reach department
18
11
24
Locomotive Department
137
239
188
Others
84
76
96
Based on the above table, it is possible to draw the following conclusion: in this case, a
large part of the failures at the stations coincide with the signaling centralization lockdown
(SMB in the next place) and the communications department, as well as the locomotive
administration. This statistics is due to the obsolescence of EM Systems and hardware, as well
as the fact that some of them have already expired. This condition will definitely interfere
with the continuous Organization of the transportation process and cause the process to slow
down.
The development of technical and technological tools, the improvement of the element
base the creation of a new generation of electrical centering devices based on microprocessor
technology is one of the pressing issues today, and the local presence of these systems is
especially important.
Replacing the NM2P and NM2AP electromagnetic blocks, which control the dual
manhole switches combined in the Block Mesh relay centering system, with industrial
controllers with microprocessors, provides some displacement in the field. Of course, the
introduction of modern technical means requires certain financial costs, but their dominant
aspects ensure sustainable development in the field. If we continue to work on the current old
systems that are currently in operation, then the small problems of today will increase in size
and it is possible that in the future it will bring several times larger financial costs.
Conclusion
It should be noted that today, the development of microprocessor blocks based on
modern microprocessor devices is required in order to exclude mechanical elements in traffic
light control blocks, as well as ensure energy and resource efficiency, reduce the cost of
servicing devices, as well as increase the competitiveness of production localization, railway
automation and telemechanics devices..
References:
1.
Azizov, A., Ametova, E., Yuldashev, S. Simulation of the Process of Monitoring the State of
the Switch Electric Drive of the Station. AIP Conference Proceedings, 2022, 2432, 030030.
2.
E.K Ametova, J. F Joʻrayev. Development of the button relay scheme and algorithm of the
dial group microprocessor blocks controlling two combined shunting traffic lights of the
railway automation and telemechanics system. TASHKENT STATE TRANSPORT UNIVERSITY
“JOURNAL OF TRANSPORT” ISSN 2181-2438 VOLUME 1, ISSUE 2 JUNE, 2024. Page (46-50)
3.
Joʻrayev , J. TEMIR YO‘L AVTOMATIKA VA TELEMEXANIKA TIZIMINING IKKITA
BIRLASHGAN MANYOVR SVETOFORLARINI BOSHQARUVCHI TERISH GURUHI BLOKLARINI
TAKOMILLASHTIRISH. Инновационные исследования в современном мире: теория и
практика, 3(3), 2024,107–109.
4.
Joʻrayev Javoxirjon Farxodjon o‘g‘li , Ametova Elnara Kuandikovna IMPROVEMENT OF
THE DIALING GROUP BLOCKS, WHICH CONTROL THE TWO COMBINED SHUNTING TRAFFIC
LIGHTS OF THE RAILWAY AUTOMATION AND TELEMECHANICS SYSTEM. Vol. 3 No. 5 (2024):
JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING, MECHANICS AND MODERN ARCHITECTURE (JEEMA) 2024-05-
03. page (44-47).
