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THE DANGEROUS OUTBREAK OF CORRUPTION: EXPOSING A PERSISTENT
SOCIETAL ISSUE
Jalgas Bezergenov
Group commander of the Defense Department
of the National Guard of the Republic of Karakalpakstan
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13788754
Abstract:
Corruption, which is an all-pervasive societal issue, is the major cause that
weakens governance and breaks the public trust which finally obstructs economic
development. The article is aimed at studying the corruption disease from its dimensions,
moreover, it will also reveal the destructive effects that it may have on the society and the
ways through which it extends. It points out the moral, economic, and social dimensions of the
issue of corruption around the world, specifically in the context of international and local
challenges like COVID-19. Furthermore, it is argued in the article that there is a need of
engaging non-governmental organizations (NGOs), nations, communities, and various anti-
corruption activists to devise concrete and viable anti-corruption goals and put ideas on
credit that the entire world-the grey part of the world in this case will take an anticorruption
game to a higher level would be included.
Key words:
corruption, governance, public trust, economic development, accountability,
civic engagement, transparency, anti-corruption strategies
Аннотация:
Коррупция, которая является всепроникающей проблемой общества,
является основной причиной, ослабляющей управление и разрушающей доверие
общества, что в конечном итоге препятствует экономическому развитию. Целью
статьи является изучение коррупционной болезни с точки зрения ее аспектов, а также
выявление разрушительных последствий, которые она может иметь для общества, и
путей, по которым она распространяется. В ней указываются моральные,
экономические и социальные аспекты проблемы коррупции во всем мире, особенно в
контексте международных и локальных вызовов, таких как COVID-19. Кроме того, в
статье утверждается, что необходимо привлечь неправительственные организации
(НПО), страны, сообщества и различных активистов борьбы с коррупцией к разработке
конкретных и жизнеспособных антикоррупционных целей и выдвижению идей,
которые позволят всему миру - в данном случае серой части мира - выйти на более
высокий уровень антикоррупционной игры.
Ключевые слова:
коррупция, управление, общественное доверие, экономическое
развитие, подотчетность, гражданская активность, прозрачность, антикоррупционные
стратегии
Annotatsiya:
Jamiyatda keng tarqalgan muammo bo‘lgan korruptsiya davlat
boshqaruvini zaiflashtiradigan va aholi ishonchini yo‘qotadigan, pirovardida iqtisodiy
taraqqiyotga to‘sqinlik qiluvchi asosiy sababdir. Maqolaning maqsadi korruptsiya kasalligini
uning jihatlari nuqtai nazaridan o‘rganish, shuningdek, uning jamiyatga olib kelishi mumkin
bo‘lgan halokatli oqibatlari va tarqalish yo‘llarini aniqlashdan iborat. U butun dunyo bo‘ylab
korruptsiya muammosining ma'naviy, iqtisodiy va ijtimoiy jihatlarini, ayniqsa, COVID-19 kabi
xalqaro va mahalliy muammolar kontekstida ko‘rsatadi. Bundan tashqari, maqolada nodavlat
notijorat tashkilotlari (NNTlar), mamlakatlar, jamiyatlar va korrupsiyaga qarshi kurash
bo‘yicha turli faollarni butun dunyoga imkon beradigan aniq va hayotiy korruptsiyaga qarshi
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maqsadlar va g‘oyalarni ishlab chiqish uchun jalb qilish zarurligi ta’kidlanadi. dunyoning
kulrang qismi - korruptsiyaga qarshi o‘yinning yuqori darajasiga erishish.
Kalit so‘zlar:
korruptsiya, boshqaruv, jamoatchilik ishonchi, iqtisodiy rivojlanish,
hisobdorlik, fuqarolik ishtiroki, shaffoflik, korruptsiyaga qarshi strategiyalar.
Corruption, which is the act of using power that is given to a person not for private
reason but for general production, inclusion, is an evil that has very much settled down and
one which is not bound by geographical or cultural differences. It is not just breaking the law
but it is a sickness of the society on a deeper level, which encourages inequality, destroys
institutions, and slows down economic growth. The world that has been struggling with major
problems, the range of them is between social unrest and environmental crises, therefore the
corruption impact is felt more negatively than ever before. It undermines the rule of law,
hampers economic growth, distorts public resources allocation, and erodes trust in
government institutions. There is no universally accepted definition of corruption, but it is
often defined in terms of individual actions that “abuse entrusted power for private gain.”
Other ways of defining corruption reflect broader issues like who exercises power over
natural resources, who is excluded, and how informal powers compete and interact with
formal institutions[1].Corruption can take numerous forms, each posing unique challenges to
societal integrity and function.
Investopedia defines it as “dishonest behavior by those in positions of power, such as
managers or government officials. Corruption can include giving or accepting bribes or
inappropriate gifts, double-dealing, under-the-table transactions, manipulating elections,
diverting funds, laundering money and defrauding investors.”[2]
Transparency International, which works to expose corruption among governments,
companies and wealthy or powerful people, defines corruption as “the abuse of entrusted
power for private gain”[3]. This can involve cronyism, where someone’s friends are given
valuable contracts outside the normal market tendering process, and nepotism, where a
relative is appointed to a position of power even though they are unqualified or unsuitable for
the role.
According to U. Myint, corruption is defined as the use of public office for private gain, or
in other words, use of official position, rank or status by an office bearer for his own personal
benefit. Following from this definition, examples of corrupt behaviour would include: (a)
bribery, (b) extortion, (c) fraud, (d) embezzlement, (e) nepotism, (f) cronyism, (g)
appropriation of public assets and property for private use, and (h) influence peddling.[4]
The legislation of the Republic of Uzbeksitan establishes
that
corruption is illegal use by
a person of official or duty position with the aim of obtaining tangible or intangible benefits in
personal interests or in the interests of other persons, and an unlawful provision of such
benefit[5].The 2023 Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI) shows that corruption is thriving
across the world. The CPI ranks 180 countries and territories around the globe by their
perceived levels of public sector corruption, scoring on a scale of 0 (highly corrupt) to 100
(very clean). Over two-thirds of countries score below 50 out of 100, which strongly indicates
that they have serious corruption problems. The global average is stuck at only 43, while the
vast majority of countries have made no progress or declined in the last decade. What is more,
23 countries fell to their lowest scores to date this year[6]. The systemic nature of corruption
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poses significant challenges to the stability and progress of any nation. At its core, corruption
involves the misuse or abuse of entrusted power for personal gain. This can take various
forms such as bribery, embezzlement, nepotism, or favoritism. The consequences are far-
reaching: it stifles competition by creating an uneven playing field for businesses; it
discourages foreign investment due to concerns about unfair practices; and it impedes social
development by diverting funds intended for public services like education and healthcare[7].
The influence of corruption extends beyond political boundaries into every aspect of society.
In terms of governance structures affected by corrupt practices within political systems
worldwide—ranging from bribery during elections to favoritism within policy-making—we
witness a significant erosion of democratic values leading to weakened institutions incapable
of delivering public goods effectively.
Corruption, a persistent and deeply ingrained issue plaguing societies across the globe,
has following multifaceted problems and its detrimental impacts on various aspects of society.
1.
Undermining Economic Growth:
Corruption poses a significant barrier to economic
development by distorting market mechanisms and deterring investment. Funds earmarked
for public projects often end up in the hands of corrupt individuals instead of being utilized
for their intended purposes. This misallocation of resources hampers infrastructure
development, stifles innovation, discourages foreign direct investment (FDI), perpetuates
income inequality, and ultimately hinders economic growth.
2.
Eroding Trust in Institutions:
One of the most alarming consequences of corruption is
its erosion of public trust in institutions at all levels – from local governance bodies to national
governments. When citizens witness bribery and embezzlement cases going unpunished or
corrupt officials escaping justice due to endemic systemic flaws, their faith in democratic
processes diminishes significantly. This loss erodes social cohesion; it can lead to increased
political apathy as people feel powerless against a system where integrity is compromised.
3.
Weakening Rule of Law:
Corruption undermines the rule of law by fostering a culture
where personal gain takes precedence over ethical conduct and legal enforcement
mechanisms are manipulated or bypassed altogether. When influential individuals wield
power through illicit means without fear of consequences, it weakens judicial systems'
independence and impairs society's ability to tackle crime effectively.
4.
Hindering Social Development:
Corruption exacerbates social inequalities by diverting
resources away from essential sectors such as education, healthcare, housing, and poverty
alleviation programs – areas critical for sustainable human development. The funds siphoned
off through corrupt practices deprive disadvantaged communities access to quality services
while perpetuating cycles of poverty.
5.
Impeding Environmental Sustainability:
Environmental degradation often goes hand-
in-hand with corruption as natural resources become vulnerable targets for exploitation due
to weak regulatory frameworks fueled by graft opportunities. Illegal logging activities
facilitated by bribery or unauthorized land acquisitions driven by corrupt practices harm
ecosystems that are vital for biodiversity conservation efforts.
6.
Creating National Security Risks:
The prevalence of corruption poses significant
threats to national security on multiple fronts. Illicit financial flows enable money laundering
networks that finance organized crime syndicates or even support terrorist organizations that
threaten global peace stability.
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The fight against corruption requires a multifaceted approach involving governments,
civil society organizations, businesses, and international cooperation
8
. Effective measures
include establishing robust legal frameworks that criminalize corrupt activities; strengthening
independent judicial systems capable of prosecuting offenders without fear or favor;
promoting transparency through open data initiatives; fostering whistleblowing mechanisms
that protect those who report wrongdoing; and investing in education campaigns aimed at
raising awareness about the detrimental impact of corruption on society as a whole.[9]
As François Valérian, Chair of Transparency International, said: “Corruption will
continue to thrive until justice systems can punish wrongdoing and keep governments in
check. When justice is bought or politically interfered with, it is the people that suffer. Leaders
should fully invest in and guarantee the independence of institutions that uphold the law and
tackle corruption. It is time to end impunity for corruption.”[10]
In conclusion, the dangerous outbreak of corruption is a persistent societal issue that
requires immediate and concerted efforts to address. As nations strive to overcome significant
contemporary challenges, the fight against corruption must be a central tenet of governance
and development. By prioritizing transparency, accountability, and civic engagement,
societies can weaken the grip of corruption, paving the way for sustainable growth and social
equity. The battle against corruption is not just the responsibility of governments; it is a
collective duty that involves every individual, aiming to build a fairer, more just world.
References:
1.
Williams DA. Corruption definitions and their implications for targeting natural resource
corruption.
2.
Corruption: Its Meaning, Type, and Real-World Example // investopedia URL:
https://www.investopedia.com/terms/c/corruption.asp
3.
WHAT
IS
CORRUPTION?
//
transparency
URL:
https://www.transparency.org/en/what-is-corruption
4.
Myint, U. CORRUPTION: CAUSES, CONSEQUENCES AND CURES. Asia Pacific development
journal. - Bangkok : ESCAP, ISSN 1020-1246, ZDB-ID 1230740-3. - Vol. 7.2000, 2, p. 33-58 //
URL: https://www.unescap.org/sites/default/files/apdj-7-2-2-Myint.pdf
5.
Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan on combating corruption, 03.01.2017 г. № LRU-419
// URL: https://lex.uz/docs/4056495
6.
CORRUPTION
PERCEPTIONS
INDEX
//
transparency.org
URL:
https://www.transparency.org/en/cpi/2023/
7.
Tursinbaev, M., & Rustem, O. (2023). IJRO HOKIMIYATI ORGANLARI TIZIMINING
ASOSIY BO ‘G ‘INI SIFATIDA VAZIRLIKLARNING EKOLOGIK DAVLAT BOSHQARUVI
SOHASIDAGI VAKOLATLARI.
SIYOSATSHUNOSLIK, HUQUQ VA XALQARO MUNOSABATLAR
JURNALI
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(7), 31-35.
8.
Омирзаков, Р. (2023). Rule of law in Uzbekistan: improvement of national
legislation.
Узбекистан–стратегия 2030 с точки зрения молодых ученых: экономика,
политика и право
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(1), 321-326.
9.
AKILBEKOVA, S. . (2023). KONSTITUTSIYAVIY HUQUQ NORMALARI VA
KONSTITUTSIYAVIY INSTITUTLARI FAOLIYATI.
Общественные науки в современном мире:
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теоретические и практические исследования
,
2
(13), 19–21. извлечено от
academy.uz/index.php/zdif/article/view/22954
10.
2023 Corruption Perceptions Index: Explore the results
. (2024, January 30).
