67
SUBSTANTIATION OF THE MAIN DESIGN PARAMETERS
DISMEMBRATOR PLATE FOR OBTAINING SUSCEPTIBLE GRAPES IN A
LABORATORY INSTALLATION
Mamaraym Turakulov
Gulistan State University
Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor
Rakhmatullaev Ravshan Koshmurodovich
Gulistan State University
Doctor of Philosophy of Technical Sciences (PhD)
Valizhon Abdivaitovich Ermatov
Lecturer of Gulistan State University
Zhong Weizhou
Yang Xueji
Guo Fei
Yangling Vocational and Technical College
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15015829
Annotation.
The article substantiates theoretical and experimental research, studied
some parameters of energy and resource-saving device with small size for drying grapes,
proposed for preparation of dried grapes.
Key words:
grapes, berries, flight, angle, trajectory, range, height, fruit, board,
disembrator, skull separator.
Introduction.
At present, grape growing and processing of grapes is developing on a
wide world scale, including in the United States, France, Spain, Portugal, Russian Federation,
Ukraine, Republic of Belarus, Republic of Moldova, Turkey, China, India, Australia and other
countries have achieved certain successes and in them “special attention is paid to the
development of technical and technological modernized resource-saving technical means for
processing and drying of grapes” [1].
In our republic, large-scale activities are carried out to reduce labor and energy costs,
save resources in the production of ecologically clean dried fruits by advanced processing
technologies, in particular, special attention is paid to the development of resource-saving
technologies and technical means of cleaning grapes and fruits and vegetables with high
productivity, while preserving all natural and useful elements [2].
Methods and research.
When developing the kinematic scheme of the plant for
cleaning dried grapes we proceeded from the considerations to create a compact small-sized
apparatus, with a diameter of no more than 700 mm. We explain our considerations by the
fact that at the accepted diameter of the plate it is possible to select such a rational frequency
of its rotation, which will provide the necessary flight path of grape berries at some angle to
the horizon, i.e. the range and height of their flight after detachment from the disk
disembrator. Having thus determined the critical speed of rotation of the main working shaft,
it is possible to find the rational frequency of rotation of pins, providing optimal destruction of
dried grape bunches[3, 4].
From the conducted laboratory researches it was found out that for dried grapes the
rotation frequency of the plate shaft varies within 250-300 min-1. Based on this, we proposed
the following kinematic scheme of the comb separator (Fig.1). The scheme includes a
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synchronous electric motor 9, working with a frequency inverter, V-belt transmission 12 with
pulleys 10 and 11, friction transmission of the first stage, consisting of a leading roller 6 and
fixed ring bandage 7 and a pair of friction rollers 8, 9, mounted on the rotating disk of the
disembrator 4.
Rotation from the electric motor 9, through the pulley 10, V-belt 12 and pulley 11 is
transmitted to the shaft 3 of the discembrator. Taking the ratio of the belt transmission , we
determine the approximate speed of rotation of the electric motor
.
)
900
750
(
3
)
300
250
(
1
2
1
мин
i
n
n
p
(1)
Fig. 1. Kinematic diagram of the drive of the working bodies of the laboratory
installation for the purification of dried grapes
Since the pin of the outer circular row is mounted on the rotating disembrator 4 and by
means of the friction roller 6 is in contact with the annular bandage 7, then taking the
diameters of the bandage and rollers 6, 8, 9 constructively, it is possible to determine their
rotation frequency.
For constructive reasons, the diameter of the annular band 7 is assumed to be equal to
мм
d
б
240
, and the diameter of the roller 6 -
мм
d
p
100
. Then the transmission ratio is
equal to
4
,
2
100
240
p
б
d
d
i
. (2)
At average speed of rotation of the disembrator plate
1
300
250
мин
n
g
, the roller 6
will rotate with frequency
1
)
720
600
(
4
,
2
)
300
250
(
мин
i
n
n
g
p
.
The average circumferential velocity of the taper pin 5 is equal to
с
м
n
d
p
cp
шт
/
879
,
0
60
660
05
,
0
14
,
3
60
, (3)
Where
м
d
d
d
cp
05
,
0
)
03
,
0
07
,
0
(
5
,
0
)
(
5
,
0
min
max
1
min
max
336
)
312
360
(
5
,
0
)
(
5
,
0
мин
n
n
n
p
Under these conditions, the range of grape berries is equal to
69
мм
м
g
o
шт
80
08
,
0
81
,
9
90
sin
879
,
0
2
sin
2
2
i.e. the berry, having flown 80 mm will fall on the disk of the disembrator, or will fly to
the next pin.
Based on the above it follows that when the arrangement of rollers 8 and 9 in a circle
and forming a friction connection between themselves, the distance between the axes of their
rotation can be less than 80 mm.
Of the range of standardized rollers produced by the industry, the most suitable is a
plastic roller 75x30, which has the following characteristics:
outer diameter - Dn=75 mm;
width of rings - Vk=30 mm;
bearing No. 204 double row
diameter of rotation axis - d=10 mm
If we take the diameter of the annular bandage Db=160 mm, we can place ten 75x30
rollers around it with a small boring of the outer diameter [5].
Inputs
It is established that to ensure the quality of crushing dried grapes the rotation
frequency of the working shaft of the dismembrator should be on average 130-150 min-1 at
the moisture content of sultanas W=19-21 %. At the gear ratio of the belt transmission speed
of the electric motor should be 390-450 min-1, the diameter of the ring bandage , and the
diameter of the roller 6 - . At arrangement of rollers on a circle forming friction connection
between each other, the distance between axes of their rotation should be not less than 80
mm.
Taking the diameter of the ring bandage Db=160 mm it is possible to place around it ten
rollers 75x30 with the following characteristics: outer diameter - Dn=75 mm; width of rings -
Vk=30 mm; bearing No. 204 two-row with axis of rotation diameter - d=10 mm.
Foydalanilgan adabiyotlar/Используемая литература/References:
1.
http://vinocenter.ru/estestvennaya-sushka-vinograda.html.
2.
The Uzbekistani Republic of the Republic of Uzbekistan Presidential Policy 2022 and
January 28th PF-60-son “2022-2026 Yillarga muljallangan yangi Uzbekistonning tarakkiyot
strategiisi tugrisida” gi Farmoni.
3.
Rakhmatov O. Improvement of technology and technical means for drying and cleaning
of grape berries. Dissertation. ... doctor of technical sciences. - Gulistan, 2019. - 266 с.
4.
Rakhmatov O. Development of a highly efficient comb separator for dried grapes. -
Tashkent: Fan, 2016. - 112 с.
5.
Rakhmatullaev R.K. Development and justification of parameters of the device for
processing dried grapes. Dissertation of Candidate of Technical Sciences. - Gulistan, 2023. -
266 с.
