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RESEARCH OF METEORITIES USING MODERN TECHNOLOGIES
Amangeldi Edilbekovich Otarbaev
Teacher of the Nukus State Pedagogical Institute.
Alieva Gulshanoy Xamdamjon qizi
Tajimova Roza Mahmudjon qizi
Students of Nukus State Pedagogical Institute.
e-mail: andarayza@gmail.com
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15393544
Introduction.
Meteorites are natural objects that have descended from space to the
Earth's surface and are an important source of information about the formation, evolution,
and even the origin of life in our solar system. In the last decade, modern technologies, in
particular, space missions, spectroscopy, computer simulations, and isotopic analysis
methods, have been widely used in the study of meteorites, and significant progress has been
made in this area. These technologies serve as important tools for determining the origin,
chemical composition, and scientific significance of meteorites. At the same time, these
methods are also used to assess potential risks to the Earth. This article examines the main
methods of meteorite research using modern technologies, their results, and future
possibilities.
Main Part.
In the study of meteorites, space missions provide the most important
achievements. NASA's OSIRIS-REx mission brought samples from asteroid Bennu, while
JAXA's Hayabusa 2 mission brought samples from asteroid Ryugu. These missions made it
possible to conduct in-depth analysis of materials obtained from asteroids in laboratories on
Earth and confirmed the association of meteorites with carbon chondrites [1-8]. For example,
the Hayabusa 2 mission discovered that samples taken from the asteroid Ryugu contained
carbonaceous substances, water traces, and even organic compounds, which proved the
meteorites' direct connection with the asteroids. At the same time, the OSIRIS-REx mission
revealed hydrated minerals on the surface of the asteroid Bennu, which indicated that the
meteorites may have formed in an aquatic environment [9-16]. These discoveries were an
important step in understanding the initial conditions of our solar system
.
Spectroscopy is another important technology widely used in the study of meteorites.
Spectroscopic analysis of meteorites found on Earth helps to determine their mineralogical
and chemical properties. For example, spectroscopic data of ordinary chondrites showed their
association with the asteroid family Massalia, which was noted as a major breakthrough in
determining the origin of meteorites. At the same time, spectroscopic analysis of meteorites
from asteroid Vesta revealed their silicate composition, which gave information about the
geological structure of the asteroid and its inner layers. This method was implemented
through terrestrial observatories, such as ESO's Very Large Telescope or NASA's infrared
observatories, which proved effective in confirming the compatibility of meteorites with
space sources. Spectroscopy also plays an important role in determining the spectral
similarity of meteorites with asteroids [17-22].
Computer simulations are used to model the origin, trajectory, and dynamic evolution of
meteorites. Studies show that most meteorites originate from the asteroid families Karin,
Coronis, and Massalia, which were formed as a result of space collisions millions of years ago.
Using simulations, scientists determined the formation processes of these families and the
trajectory of meteorites reaching the Earth's surface. This method is especially important in
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predicting the movement of near-Earth objects (NEOs) and assessing the risk of their
collision. For example, simulations accurately modeled the process of meteorites emerging
from the asteroid belt and entering Earth's orbit, which further clarified their origins.
Isotopic analysis is another important area of modern technologies for the in-depth
study of the composition of meteorites. Iron and nickel isotopes in iron meteorites are used to
study the conditions of our solar system from 4.6 billion years ago. These analyses showed
that meteorites were formed from an early gas and dust cloud, which helped determine their
place in the evolution of the Solar System. At the same time, the organic molecules found in
the Sutter's Mill meteorite were analyzed using modern mass spectrometry, proving their
connection to the thermal evolution of asteroids. This analysis shows that meteorites
contribute to the emergence of life on Earth is considered as important evidence indicating
the possibility of influence. High accuracy of isotopic analysis is ensured with the help of
modern laboratory equipment, for example, ion mass spectrometers.
Conclusion
. Modern technologies have brought revolutionary changes to the study of
meteorites. Methods such as space missions, spectroscopy, computer simulations, and
isotopic analysis have led to significant advancements in determining the origin, chemical
composition, and significance of meteorites in our solar system. These technologies have not
only enriched scientific data but also play an important role in assessing and preventing
potential threats of meteorites to Earth. In the future, more advanced space missions, such as
research aimed at the asteroid Psyche and new spectroscopic methods, promise more
discoveries in this field. Research on meteorites continues to seek answers to questions about
the universe's past and future
.
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