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ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE AND MODERN TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES
Atakhanov Sanjar Anvarovich
Assistant of the Department of "Biomedical Engineering,
Biophysics, and Information Technologies"
Fergana Medical Institute of Public Health
Madaminova Shahzoda Shukhratovna
Student of the Fergana Medical Institute of Public Health
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15259334
Abstract
This article discusses ischemic heart disease (IHD) as one of the most common
cardiovascular diseases. The causes, mechanisms of development, and modern diagnostic and
treatment methods are examined. Today, special attention is paid to innovative technologies in
diagnostics. Such medical advances increase treatment efficiency and improve prognosis for
patients.
Keywords
: Ischemic heart disease, atherosclerosis, coronary angiography, magnetic
resonance imaging, artificial intelligence, minimally invasive surgery, stenting, gene therapy, cell
therapy, telemedicine, cardiovascular diseases, ischemic heart disease treatment.
Introduction
Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is a pathology that arises due to insufficient blood supply to
the heart muscle. The main cause of the disease is atherosclerosis, which leads to the narrowing
of the coronary arteries. IHD is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, making its
diagnosis and treatment a crucial issue in medicine.
Causes of Ischemic Heart Disease
Several factors contribute to the development of IHD:
Atherosclerosis – blockage of coronary arteries by fatty deposits.
Hypertension – increases the workload on the heart.
Diabetes mellitus – negatively affects blood vessels.
Smoking and poor diet – damage the cardiovascular system.
Stress and lack of physical activity – impair normal heart function.
Main Symptoms of Ischemic Heart Disease
Chest pain or discomfort (angina pectoris)
Shortness of breath and fatigue
Dizziness and weakness
Pain in the arm, shoulder, or jaw
Cold sweats and drop in div temperature
Types of Ischemic Heart Disease
1. Angina pectoris – a painful syndrome caused by narrowing of the coronary arteries. It
has the following types:
Stable angina – occurs during physical exertion or stress.
Unstable angina – occurs suddenly, even at rest, and increases the risk of heart attack.
Vasospastic angina (Prinzmetal angina) – occurs due to coronary artery spasms.
2. Myocardial infarction – death of part of the heart muscle due to complete blockage of a
coronary artery.
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3. Ischemic cardiomyopathy – heart failure resulting from ischemic damage to the heart
muscle.
4. Sudden cardiac death – a condition caused by sudden coronary artery blockage.
Modern Diagnostic Methods
Today, innovative methods are used to diagnose IHD:
Coronary angiography – the primary method for assessing coronary artery condition.
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) – provides a detailed view of heart tissues.
CT angiography – scans arteries for diagnosis.
Telemedicine and artificial intelligence – enable remote patient monitoring.
Treatment Methods for Ischemic Heart Disease
Modern medicine offers several innovative approaches for treating IHD:
1. Pharmacological Therapy
Beta-blockers and ACE inhibitors – control blood pressure.
Antiplatelet and anticoagulant drugs – prevent blood clot formation.
2. Surgical Methods
Angioplasty and stenting – widen narrowed arteries.
Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) – restores blood supply in severe cases.
3. Gene and Cell Therapy
New technologies for restoring damaged heart cells.
4. Telemedicine
Remote monitoring and consultation for patients.
Conclusion
Ischemic heart disease is a serious condition, and its diagnosis and treatment remain
critical areas in modern medicine. New technologies, including artificial intelligence, gene
therapy, and telemedicine, are improving treatment efficiency. These advances contribute to
better quality of life for patients in the future.
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