American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations
37
https://theusajournals.com/index.php/ajahi
VOLUME
Vol.05 Issue05 2025
PAGE NO.
37-39
10.37547/ajahi/Volume05Issue05-10
Testing and Evaluation of Rice Variety Samples in
Nurseries in The Conditions of Karakalpakstan
Kamalov Miyirbek Murat o‘g‘li
Scientific Production Association of Grain and Rice, Head of the Laboratory of Rice Selection and Seed Production, Uzbekistan
Abillaev Urazbay
Scientific Production Association of Grain and Rice, Uzbekistan
Esemuratova Guljamal Qalbayevna
Assistant at Karakalpakstan Institute of Agriculture and Agrotechnologies, Uzbekistan
Assistant at Karakalpakstan Institute of Agriculture and Agrotechnologies, Uzbekistan
Received:
31 March 2025;
Accepted:
29 April 2025;
Published:
31 May 2025
Abstract:
This study presents a comprehensive and in-
depth analysis of rice variety samples Д
-
53 (Д
-
82), Д
-
66 (Д
-
154(4-12-2)) in a control nursery plot, providing evaluations and conducting competitive variety testing.
Keywords:
Rice, variety, selection, control nursery plot, vegetation.
Introduction:
Rice crop ranks first in the world in terms
of yield and second after wheat in terms of
consumption. It is the main food source for one-third of
the world's population and, despite its origin in the
tropics, is widely grown in temperate regions. With the
global population increasing every year and the
amount of agricultural land decreasing, while labor
costs are rising, it is crucial to introduce innovations in
agriculture, especially in rice cultivation, by creating
new varieties adapted to local conditions.
The Republic of Karakalpakstan is a leading region for
rice cultivation, with significant potential for large-scale
sowing. However, due to unfavorable soil and climatic
conditions, water supply issues, delayed irrigation
timing, increasing droughts, and factors such as soil
salinity and extreme heat days, there are various
obstacles limiting the expansion of rice cultivation.
These challenges are primarily linked to water supply.
According to B.Abdullayev, U.Abillayev, S.Jalmenova,
and D.Turdishev, the current requirements for rice
varieties in modern rice cultivation have changed
significantly. For Uzbekistan’s rapidly developing
agricultural sector, the goal is to create export-oriented
long-grain rice varieties with valuable economic traits,
early maturity, and resistance to stress factors [1].
D. Utambetov and G. Khojambergenov's experiments
indicate that seed germination rate and field
emergence vary from 0.9 to 3.9 grains per m2 and 0.2-
0.7%, respectively. Processing coefficients for rice
varieties range from 1.32 to 1.42%. According to their
findings, the early maturing “Guliston” variety matures
4-7 days earlier than other varieties, yielding 2-9 kg/ha
more. With water savings, up to 4.5 thousand m3/ha of
water is achieved. The “Guliston” variety is proposed
for secondary sowing after winter wheat [2].
According to B.Abdullayev and U.Abillayev, the
Karakalpakstan rice fields are located in a sharply
continental climate zone with saline desert soils in the
lower reaches of the Amudarya River. Most irrigated
lands in northern Karakalpakstan suffer from strong to
moderate chloride and sulfate salinity. These low-
fertility soils, saline due to shallow groundwater, are
American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations
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American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations (ISSN: 2771-2559)
unsuitable for cotton, wheat, and other crops, with a
relatively short warm season in spring-autumn.
Complex natural stress factors, limited irrigation water,
and especially its late arrival significantly restrict the
expansion of rice cultivation [3].
U.Abillayev emphasizes that in the extremely harsh soil
and climatic conditions of Karakalpakstan, stress-
tolerant varieties play a crucial role in achieving stable
rice yields [4].
Given global climate change, the requirements for new
varieties have become extremely complex, placing a
heavy burden on breeders to consider numerous traits
and characteristics.
The factors mentioned above present significant
obstacles to rice cultivation in Karakalpakstan, which
breeders must address. These challenges highlight the
need to develop new varieties well-adapted to local
harsh conditions and meet the global market’s demand
for high-yielding varieties.
Our research aims to identify promising high-yielding
rice variety samples with positive traits that are
adapted to local stress conditions by conducting
thorough evaluations and selecting the most suitable
ones for use in breeding programs.
METHODS
The study was conducted at the experimental fields of
the “Scientific Produc
tion Association of Grain and
Rice” in Karakalpakstan.
Observations, measurements, and calculations were
carried out according to the standard methods of
A.P.Smetanin [1972] and the Methodological Manual
for Field Experiments [2007] [5]. The components of
yield indicators were analyzed in the laboratory, and
the most productive, low-stemmed, early maturing
samples were selected. The data obtained were
analyzed using the dispersion method of B.A.Dospexov.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Samples in the control nursery plot were sown in pairs
(standard) using the standard “Guliston” variety for
comparison. The samples were analyzed for their
tillering ability (number of stems) during the seedling
and full ripening phases.
The ability of rice plants to produce tillers is a key factor
influencing growth and yield. The tillering ability of a
variety reflects its biological adaptation to the local
environment. We observed significant differences in
field emergence and survival until full maturity among
the varieties.
Through agrobiological evaluation, we identified
samples with many positive traits, as well as those that
are resistant to the stress factors of Karakalpakstan and
capable of full ripening. We paid particular attention to
their early maturity and performance indicators.
Table 1
Classification of the ability of studied rice samples in the control nursery plot to produce tillers and
their yield characteristics
№
Variety Sample
Tillers at Transplanting
(m²/pcs)
Yield,
q/ha
Differen
ce from
Standar
d (q/ha)
Lodging
Resistanc
e (score)
Seedling
stage
Full maturity
stage
1
Gulistan st.
220
179
65,4
-
5
2
Д-21 (Д-7(Д-48)
235
178
69,6
4,2
5
3
Д-66 (Д-154(4-12-2)
216
172
74,0
8,6
5
4
Gulistan st.
232
156
66,5
-
5
5
D-17 (otb. Almaz)
216
170
69,0
2,5
5
6
Д-13(Д-32(Д-135)
230
194
73,0
6,5
5
7
Gulistan st.
226
175
68,0
-
5
8
Д-32 (Д-530)
222
177
73,0
5,0
5
9
Д-35(Д-105) Д-192)
197
169
76,0
7,0
5
10
Gulistan st.
212
172
65,8
-
5
11
Д-53 (Д-82)
198
169
76,0
10,2
5
12
Д-20 (Д-442(Д-143)
214
179
68,2
2,4
5
The selected large-grain samples in the control nursery
plot formed normal tiller numbers and demonstrated
adaptive traits suitable for local conditions (Table 1).
Our observations revealed that, during the seedling
phase, the number of germinated grains ranged from
197 to 235 compared to the standard “Guliston”
variety. At full ripening, the tiller numbers ranged from
American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations
39
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American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations (ISSN: 2771-2559)
156 to 194. In terms of yield, the studied samples
exceeded the standard “Guliston” variety’s yield of
65.4-68.
0 t/ha, with Д
-
53 (Д
-
82) and Д
-
66 (Д
-154(4-12-
2)) showing the highest differences. They also exhibited
stress resistance and lodging tolerance. The best-
performing samples will undergo competitive variety
testing next year, with thorough study and evaluation.
REFERENCES
Abdullayev B.U., Abillayev U., Jalmenova S., Turdishev
D.Y. Creation of ultra-early maturing rice varieties
adapted to the stress factors of Karakalpakstan.
Proceedings of the International Scientific-Practical
Conference “Modern method
s of cultivation of rice and
leguminous crops and the prospects for resource-
saving technologies.” Tashkent, August 17
-18, 2023.
pp. 81-85.
Utambetov D, Khojambergenov G. Selection of rice
varieties in extreme conditions of Karakalpakstan.
VISCEA Vienna International Science Conferences and
Events Association. Transgenic plants & transformation
technologies, Vienna, Austria, July 6-7, 2022, p.38.
Abdullaev B, Abillaev U. Specificity of rice breeding in
Karakalpakstan. VISCEA Vienna International Science
Conferences and Events Association. Transgenic plants
& transformation technologies, Vienna, Austria, July 6-
7, 2022, p.37.
U. Abillayev, B.U. Abdullayev, G.Q. Yesemuratova, A.
Yesemuratov. Specificity of rice cultivation in water-
deficient
and
late-irrigated
conditions
in
Karakalpakstan. International Scientific and Practical
Conference “Prospects for the cultivation of hig
h-
yielding and high-quality cereals, legumes, oilseeds,
and fodder crops resistant to global climate change.”
May 13, 2022, p.149.
Methodological manual for field experiments.
Tashkent, 2007.
