Volume 04 Issue 06-2024
23
American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations
(ISSN
–
2771-2559)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
06
Pages:
23-28
OCLC
–
1290679216
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
ABSTRACT
It is scientifically proven that when Boms organic preparation was applied to the soil at the rate of 300-600 kg/ha
before sowing and when cotton was cultivated for without mineral fertilizers, 40.7-41.8 c/ha of cotton can be grown.
KEYWORDS
Organic and Global G.A.P, the development of technologies, mineral fertilizers.
INTRODUCTION
On May 18, 2020, the president of our state,
Sh.Mirziyoev, adopted the Decree "On additional
measures to ensure that the quality and safety
indicators of agricultural products comply with
international standards". This decree is aimed at the
production of products that meet the requirements of
"Organic" and "Global G.A.P", to increase their quality
and safety indicators, and to expand exports, the
concept of development of organic agriculture and
production of organic food products in the Republic of
Uzbekistan and the "Roadmap" for its implementation
have been approved.
For this purpose, the improvement of agro-measures
of crop cultivation in the agriculture of our country, the
development of technologies for the cultivation of
ecologically pure products with little or no use of
mineral fertilizers, the cultivation of high and high-
quality crops, the wide implementation of highly
effective modern innovative technologies in practice,
the increase of economic efficiency, economic
development is one of the most important tasks.
In our country, one of the ways to collect seedlings
early, correctly and healthy in unfavorable weather and
stressful situations, to improve plant growth and get a
Research Article
GROWING ORGANIC COTTON WITH BOMS
Submission Date:
June 01, 2024,
Accepted Date:
June 06, 2024,
Published Date:
June 11, 2024
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ajahi/Volume04Issue06-05
D.Rakhimova
Researcher of Tashkent State Agrarian University, Uzbekistan
Journal
Website:
https://theusajournals.
com/index.php/ajahi
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
Volume 04 Issue 06-2024
24
American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations
(ISSN
–
2771-2559)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
06
Pages:
23-28
OCLC
–
1290679216
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
high-quality harvest, is to treat the soil and seeds with
stimulants before planting and to use them during the
plant life.
It is known that physiologically active substances have
a positive effect on increasing the fertility and
germination of agricultural crops, accelerating the
ripening of the crop, increasing the plant's resistance
to drought, salt, disease and pests (Kalinin, Merejinsky,
1965).
Physiological and biologically active substances are
organic additives that affect the course of
physiological processes in the plant. They are applied
to plants in the form of a working mixture, they have a
positive effect on their vital processes and provide the
opportunity to obtain a high and quality harvest. Many
scientists have studied the effect of treatment of seeds
and cotton with various stimulants during the
vegetation period on sprout germination and cotton
growth.
Currently, in world practice, the scope of using humic
acids is expanding in order to increase soil fertility and
the efficiency of using nitrogen and phosphorus
fertilizers, to accelerate the growth and development
of plants. The mechanism of action of humic acids is as
follows, it is connected with the improvement of plant
metabolism and activation of auxin and cytokinin
phytohormones. Humic acids are one of the bases of
soil humus, they are inextricably linked with
maintaining soil fertility and biodiversity, ensuring vital
functions of microorganisms, flora and fauna. They are
one of the products of soil formation, resulting from
the humification of plant residues. Humates have a
range of complex effects and have a positive effect on
alleviating stress processes caused by unfavorable
external factors.
G.Axymbetova, Kh.D.Akhmedova et al., (2003)
observed that the growth and development of 15 types
of agricultural crops accelerated, resistance to diseases
increased, and productivity increased when seeds
were treated with biologically active substance
chitosan.
Sh.Kh.Abdualimov, Kh.D.Akhmedova, S.Sh.Rashidova
(2003) when treated with the stimulants T-86, Nitrolin,
Tj-85 and XS-2, the seeds of the Okdarya-5 variety of
cotton increased field fertility and growth accelerated
development, had a positive effect on leaf surface,
cotton yield and fiber quality.
In the experiments carried out by U.N.Madraimov
(1995), I. Khusanov (2003), when the seeds were
treated with Mival before planting, they germinated
evenly and healthy despite adverse weather
conditions. Mival allowed to plant hairless seeds in
saline soils, the flowering of cotton was accelerated
and fiber yield increased by 1-3%.
In this regard, scientific studies were conducted in
2018-2020 in the conditions of typical gray soils of
Tashkent region to study the effectiveness of Boms
organic preparation on cotton and to grow organic
cotton without using mineral fertilizers.
METHODS
Field experiments were conducted in accordance with
the manual "Field Experiment Methods" (T:2007). The
obtained data were analyzed mathematically by the
method of BA Dospekhov (1985).
The research work was carried out in the conditions of
the typical sierozem soils of the Tashkent region on the
cotton variety "Andijan-37". The length of the
experimental options was 25 m, the width was 2.4 m,
the calculation area was 60 m2, and they were placed
in 3 repetitions.
Volume 04 Issue 06-2024
25
American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations
(ISSN
–
2771-2559)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
06
Pages:
23-28
OCLC
–
1290679216
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
In the control option for the study, cotton was grown
in accordance with conventional agrotechnology
based on generally accepted agrotechnical measures
and the annual norm of mineral fertilizers (NPK) was
200 kg of pure nitrogen, 140 kg of phosphorus and 100
kg of potassium per hectare, while in option 2, the
norm of Boms preparation was 600 kg/ha and mineral
fertilizers N-200, P-140, K-100 kg/ha were applied. In the
3-5 variants of the experiment, Boms organic
preparation is 300 per hectare; Mineral fertilizers were
not used at all during the period of application of
cotton, with the application of 600 and 1000 kg. In the
care of cotton in the experimental field, measures such
as inter-row processing, irrigation, and weed control
were carried out in the same order in all variants.
Boms preparation
is an organic fertilizer obtained by
humification of lignite and peat compost, in dry, black,
granular form. It contains humic and fulvic acids,
various macro and microelements. It transforms
phosphate and potassium, the most important
elements in the soil, from non-absorbable form to
easily absorbable form. Restores soil fertility and
increases humus content, improves microflora. Before
planting the seed in the plowed field, it is placed in the
soil and 8-10 cm is mixed with the ground. It is
recommended to use in the morning and in the evening
when it is cool. The safety level is less toxic.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
In the experiment conducted by Sh.Abdualimov et al.,
(2017) when treated with the Biodux stimulator, the
active substance of which is arachidonic acid, at the
rate of 3.0 ml/ha before planting, and 2.0 ml/ha during
the cotton budding and flowering periods, the
germination of seedlings was 10,1-13.3% accelerated,
the growth and development of the plant accelerated,
44.0 centner of cotton per hectare was grown, and the
yield was 4.7 c/ha higher than the control.
Sh.Abdualimov, Sh.Karimov (2017) stated that Obereg'
stimulator 1.0 ml/t per seed, 10.0 ml/ha during the
budding and flowering periods of cotton, Fitovak 200
ml/t per seed and 400 ml/ha during the budding period,
Sodium humate when the stimulator was applied to
the seed at the rate of 2.2 kg/t, germination of
seedlings was accelerated, rapid growth and
development of cotton was observed, the number of
bolls increased by 1.0-2.0 grains, the yield of cotton
increased by 3-5 c/ha and the level of profitability
increased.
Therefore, various organic-based stimulants had a
positive effect on sprouting, plant growth,
development, and to improve the yield. For this reason,
in order to study the effect of Boms organic
preparation on the soil before sowing, on the
germination, growth, development and yield of the
seedlings, we conducted observations by cultivating
for cotton with and without mineral fertilizers. Below
we analyze the results obtained from these studies.
In the experiment, the effect of Boms preparation on
the germination of seedlings was studied in the
variants applied to the soil at the rate of 300-1000 kg/ha
during the preparation of the land for planting before
sowing. In the initial observation of the research on
May 14, 2019, 174.0 sprouts sprouted on 10 m2 in the
control option , 185.0-200.7 sprouts in the options
using Boms 300-1000 kg/ha, it was determined that
there were more and 11.0-26.7 sprouts compared to the
control. In the subsequent observations, the positive
effect of Boms was more evident, and in the last
observation on May 22, 227.3 sprouts sprouted in the
control, 231.7-250.3 sprouts in the options treated with
Boms at the rate of 300-1000 kg/ha, and It was
observed that it increased to 4,4-23.0 pieces than the
control option (table 1).
Volume 04 Issue 06-2024
26
American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations
(ISSN
–
2771-2559)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
06
Pages:
23-28
OCLC
–
1290679216
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
Table 1
Effect
of Boms preparation on seed germination, Andijan-37 variety of cotton, 2019
No
Options
Application rate to
the soil before
planting, kg/ha
Number of sprouts,
pieces /10 m
2
Difference
compared to
control,
pieces
14.05
17.05
20.05
22.05
1
Control (NPK)
-
174,0
196,0
216,0
227,3
-
2
Boms + NPK
600
164,7
177,0
214,0
234,3
7,0
3
Boms
300
185,0
203,3
225,0
231,7
4,4
4
Boms
600
200,0
213,7
231,0
234,0
6,7
5
Boms
1000
200,7
210,3
233,0
250,3
23,0
Explanation. In options 1-2, NPK 200-140-100 kg/ha was used, in options 3-5 mineral
fertilizers were not given.
Effect of Boms preparation on growth and
development of cotton
. In the research conducted by
K.Tadjiev (2006), before planting, hairy and hairless
seeds were treated with Vitavaks 200 FF at the rate of
5 l/t, the germination of seedlings was accelerated, it
had a positive effect on growth and development, and
the cotton yield was 3.0-4.1 c/ha. it has been found that
it has increased and the possibility of growing high and
quality crops has been created.
In the experimental field, the effect of Boms drug on
the growth and development of the cotton plant
during the vegetation period was studied. In the
observation carried out on June 1, 2019, the height of
the cotton was 9.2-10.8 cm, the number of true leaves
was 2.4-2.6 pcs., during the period of cotton's mass
pruning and flowering on July 1, in the control variant,
the plant height was 39.6 cm, the harvested branches
number 5.7 pieces, branches 5.7 pieces, Boms 600
kg/ha + NPK and Boms 300-1000 kg/ha, height 40.5-
40.7 cm, number of harvested branches 5.8-6.0 pieces,
the branches are 5.8-6.0 pieces, compared to the
control, the length of the cotton was 1.1 cm higher, the
yield branches were 0.3 pieces, and the branches were
0.1-0.3 pieces more. Such a positive difference was also
observed during the flowering-harvest period of
cotton (1.08.2019). In the variants used by Boms, the
height of the cotton was 2.2 cm, the number of
branches was 0.2 more, and it was estimated that there
were slightly more buds, flowers and bolls.
At the end of the cotton growth period (1.09.2019), the
height of the cotton in the control option was 94.4 cm,
in the option using Boms+NPK, it was 97.0 cm, in the
options where Boms was applied at the rate of 300-
1000 kg/ha and no mineral fertilizers were given, 91.6-
Volume 04 Issue 06-2024
27
American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations
(ISSN
–
2771-2559)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
06
Pages:
23-28
OCLC
–
1290679216
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
100.0 cm, the number of bolls was observed to be 8.8
pieces in the control option, 9.7-10.8 pieces or 0.9-2.0
pieces more than the control option.
The variants using Boms organic preparation have less
vegetative mass due to the absence of mineral
fertilizers, which is shown by the closeness of the
length of the cotton and the number of harvested
branches. However, the number of generative organs
increased and increased in the variants used by Boms
during the period of cotton bearing and ripening.
Before the cotton harvest (October 2, 2019), in the
control variant, there were 9.3 bolls per cotton bush,
while when Boms was applied on the background of
mineral fertilizers at the rate of 600 kg/ha, the number
of bolls was 10.8 bolls or 1.5 bolls more than the
control. Also, in the options where Boms was applied
at the rate of 300-1000 kg/ha and mineral fertilizers
were not given, the number of bolls was the highest at
10.2-11.2 pieces and increased by 0.9-1.9 pieces from the
control. In these variants, the degree of opening of boll
was 68.6-70.5%, and it opened 7.3-9.2% faster than the
control.
In the conditions of typical sierozem soils of Tashkent
region, Boms organic preparation had a positive effect
on cotton yield when applied to the soil at the rate of
300-1000 kg/ha (Fig. 1).
Figure 1. Effect of Boms organic preparation on cotton yield, Andijan-37 variety, Tashkent 2019
In the control variant of the experiment, 34.9 c/ha of
cotton was obtained when cotton was cultivated for in
conventional agrotechnics, while Boms preparation
was applied at 600 kg/ha before seeding, and mineral
fertilizers N-200, P-140 and K-100 kg/ha were fed at the
rate of 41, 2 c/ha or 6.3 c/ha more than control. For the
purpose of growing organic cotton, chemical mineral
fertilizers were not used at all, only Boms organic
preparation was applied before sowing at the rate of
300 kg/ha at 40.7 c/ha, Boms at 600 kg/ha at 41.8 c/ha
34.9
41.2
40.7
41.8
40.1
6.3
5.8
6.9
5.2
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Назорат
(NPK)
Бомс 600
кг/га+ NPK
Бомс 300
кг/га
Бомс 600
кг/га
Бомс 1000
кг/га
25
27
29
31
33
35
37
39
41
43
Пахта ҳосили, ц/га
Қўшимча ҳосил, ц/га
Volume 04 Issue 06-2024
28
American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations
(ISSN
–
2771-2559)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
06
Pages:
23-28
OCLC
–
1290679216
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
and Boms at 1000 kg/ha in the used option, 40.1 c/ha of
cotton was grown, compared to the control option,
5.2-6.9 c/ha of additional cotton was obtained.
It should be noted that higher results were obtained in
the norms of 300-600 kg/ha of Boms compared to its
standard of 1000 kg/ha, as a result of the use of Boms,
the yield index increased by 16.6-19.8%, and mineral
fertilizers were saved. This shows that the use of
organic-based
stimulants
and
biofertilizers
is
important in growing organic cotton in our republic in
the future.
CONCLUSION
In the conditions of typical sierozem soils of the
Tashkent region, when the organic preparation Tevevit
Boms is used in the period of preparing the land for
planting before sowing, the germination of seeds was
accelerated, favorable conditions for the growth and
development of the plant are created, and the yield of
cotton was 40.7-41.8 c/ha, chemical mineral fertilizers
are saved, the possibility of growing organic cotton
was scientifically based.
REFERENCES
1.
Abdualimov Sh., Khasanova F., Karimov Sh.
Everything in spring is a spoil // Uzbekistan
Agricultural Journal. Tashkent, 2017. No4. -P. 2-3.
2.
Abdualimov Sh.Kh., Karimov Sh.A. The effect of
stimulator Biodux on the appearance of growths
and fertility of men // Actual problems of modern
science. -Moscow, 2017. No4. - P. 262-266.
3.
Methods of conducting field experiments. UzCSRI,
T.; 2007. -147 p.
4.
Dospekhov B.A. Methodology of field experience.
5th
ed.
add.
and
processed
Moscow,
Agropromizdat, 1985. -P.248-256.
5.
Kalinin F.L., Merezhinsky Yu.G. Plant growth
regulators. -Kiev, 1965. - 405 p.
6.
Tadjiev K.M. Effect of seed treatment with Vitavaks
200 FF on leaf surface and dry weight of cotton //
Scientific basis of development of cotton and grain
production on farms. A collection of international
conference articles. UzCSRI. -Tashkent, 2006. -P.
258-261.
